Objective To investigate the level and influence factors of sleep quality in caregivers to neurological intensive care unit (NICU) survivors. Methods The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) and the sleep quality influence factor scale were administered on 167 family caregivers to NICU survivors. Results The score of PQSI was 8.81 ± 3.25,and 55.68%(98/167) of caregivers reported poor sleep quality. Logistic regression analysis showed that medical insurance(OR=2.025, P<0.01), hospital stay (OR==2.235, P<0.01), whether caregivers in service (OR=0.583, P<0.05), resisdence(OR=2.341, P<0.01), and tracheal tubes/ventricular drainage (OR=5.857, P<0.01) were influencing factors of sleep quality. Conclusions It proved that our intervention should focus on family caregivers to NICU survivors social and psychological characteristics may help to enhance their sleep quality and quality of life.

Objective The research aimed to translate the English version of the Caregiver Preparedness Scale (CPS) into Chinese and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of CPS in caregivers of stroke survivors. Methods Totally 176 stroke survivors and their caregivers were recruited and were investigated by the Chinese version of CPS. Results The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of CPS was 0.925;the test-retest reliability was 0.807 (P<0.01). Factor analysis got one factor, which explained 61.647% of the total variance. The factor loading of each item was>0.4. Conclusions The Chinese version of CPS has been proved to be reliable and valid. It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of caregiver preparedness in caregivers of stroke survivors.

Objective To translate the English version of the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES) into Chinese and test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of ESES in patients after stroke. Methods Totally 214 patients after stroke were recruited and were investigated by the Chinese version of ESES. Results The internal consistency coefficient of the Chinese version of ESES was 0.879. The split half reliability coefficient was 0.858(P<0.01). The test-retest reliability was 0.657. Item-total correlation coefficient ranged between 0.627 and 0.779 (P<0.01). Factor analysis got one factor, which explained 59.745%of the total variance, and the factor loading of each item was above 0.4. Using General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) as an external criterion, the Pearson correlation coefficient of ESES with GSES was 0.496. Conclusions The Chinese version of ESES has been proved to be reliable and valid. It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of exercise self-efficacy in patients after stroke.

Objective The research aimed to translate the English version of the Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale Short Form (BSES-SF) into Chinese and to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of BSES-SF. Methods Totally 308 mothers were recruited and were investigated by the Chinese version of BSES-SF. Results The internal consistency Alpha coefficient of the Chinese version of BSES-SF was 0.927, P<0.01, the half reliability coefficient was 0.853, P<0.01;the test-retest was 0.811, P<0.01. Factor analysis got one factor, which explained 52.498% of the total variance. Conclusions The Chinese version of BSES-SF has been proved to be reliable and valid. It can be used as a valid tool for the measurement of the breastfeeding self-efficacy among Chinese mothers.

Objective To study the dynamic changes of posttraumatic focal brain edema. Methods 120 patients who underwent multiple CT scans after head injury with hematoma or brain contusion in our hospital from 1998 to 2002 were enrolled in this study. Their CT image parameters and clinical data were recorded, and statistically analyzed. Results 96.7%(116/120) patients had perihematoma or pericontusion edema. Edema appeared 7 hours after head injury and reached its climax at the ninth day. Edema shape trended taper during its development, and cortex escaped from edema. Conclusion Focal brain edema was very common in the patient with head injury. Taper shape's formation and escape of cortex may mainly attribute to the difference in construction topology and blood supply between cerebral white and gray matter.

Objective To understand the status of colleague support and colleague solidarity of nurses,and explore the relationship between colleague support and colleague solidarity.Methods A total of 231 nurses from Zhengzhou City were chosen using convenience sampling method to complete the questionnaire survey about colleague support and colleague sohdarity.Results The nurses' colleague support scored (76.34±2.75) totally and colleague solidarity scored (64.63±4.25) totally.In dimensions of nurses' perception of colleague support,head nurse support,support result,cooperation,sympathy establishment,awareness increasing were positively correlated with emotional unity dimension of colleague solidarity (r=0.32,0.26,0.27,0.30,0.28,all P＜ 0.05);head nurse support,support result,cooperation,awareness increasing,goal setting,action projects were positively correlated with academic unity dimension of colleague solidarity (r=0.30,0.28,0.25,0.29,0.27,0.26,all P ＜ 0.05);head nurse support,support result,cooperation,awareness increasing,action projects and process management were negatively correlated with negative views of colleague solidarity (r=-0.31,-0.27,-0.30,-0.23,-0.24,-0.27,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Improving the nurse colleague-peer support can improve degree of colleague solidarity.

Objective To understand the status of stroke patients' perceived control and healthrelated quality of life,and to analyze the effect of perceived control on stroke patients' depression and health-related quality of life.Methods By convenience sampling,264 stroke patients were chosen to complete the questionnaire survey,Perceived Control Questionnaire,Hamilton Depression Scale and ShortForm Health Survey Scale-2.Results The score of patient's perceived control and health-related quality of life were (18.21±2.74),(46.62±11.56) points respectively.The perceived control had a negative correlation with the depression (r=-0.32,P ＜ 0.05),had a weak positive correlation with the body health (r=0.05,P ＜0.05),and had a positive correlation with the mental health of health-related quality of life (r=0.29,P ＜0.05),depression was negatively correlated with health-related quality of life of the body health,mental health (r=-0.26,-0.28,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Medical personal should improve the level of stroke patients' perceived control through various methods,to reduce depression and improve health related quality of life.

Objective To explore the effects of family empowerment model on medication adherence in youth patient with cerebral infarction.Methods By convenience sampling,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 84 patients and families of neurology department in a third-grade and a-level general hospital in Zhengzhou.The patients and families were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group,each group consisted of 42 patients and families.Patients and families in the control group got routine health education,but patients and families in the intervention group were intervened under family empowerment.The medication adherence of the patients were compared between the two groups before and after health education.Results The medication adherence in both groups were higher after health education than that before health education,the diffidence in the comparison of medication adherence was statistically significant between the two groups after health education.Conclusions The family empowerment model can improve the medication adherence in youth patient with cerebral infarction.

Objective To investigate the effect of griping exercise on wrist palmar swelling after percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods A total of 90 patients of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University with planned percutaneous coronary intervention via radial artery were enrolled and divided into the control group, griping exercise group 1 and griping exercise group 2 with 30 cases in every group according to the sequence of admission. Preoperative education and postoperative care were performed with a conventional approach in the control group. Griping exercise in group 1: Fisting exercise with electronic grips in 15 times per min, lasted 1 min, 2 hours per day for 3 days. Griping exercise in group 2: Fisting exercise with electronic grips in 25 times per min, lasted 2 min, 2 hours per day for 3 days. The degree of swelling and pain in patients′wrist palmar 6 hours after operation (sheath tube removal) were observed. Results The pain score in wrist and palm in griping exercise group 2 was 0.83±0.39, and 4.20±1.98 in the control group, the difference was significant (t=3.912, P < 0.05), and also lower than that of the griping exercise group 1 (1.92±0.78, t=3.087, P < 0.05). The swelling value of finger circumference in griping exercise group 2 was (0.13±0.05) cm, and in the control group was (0.39±0.13) cm, the difference was significant (t=3.013, P < 0.05), also lower than (0.23±0.11) cm in the griping exercise group 1 (t=2.612, P < 0.05). Conclusions Fisting exercise with electronic grips in 25 times per min, lasted 2 min, 2 hours per day for 3 days preoperation could reduce the swelling and pain in patients′wrist and palm on the operation side.

By analyzing data from a questionnaire survey on bilingual teaching, we evalueted the results of bilingual teaching for seven-year medical students and the main problems of bilingual teaching and solutions accordingly. An uneven English level on the part of teachers and students and imperfect materials etc. affect the overall results of bilingual teaching. Therefore persistent efforts need to be made in enhancing the teachers' English level, improving teaching methods and compiling proper textbooks so as to genuinely improve the bilingual teaching program.