Objective To explore the effects of carbon monoxide(CO) on hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S) / cystathionine-?-lyase(CSE) system in thoracic aorta of rats.Methods Twenty-seven thoracic aortae of 9 Wistar rats were divided into control group,hemin group(the final concentration of hemin was(10~(-4)mol/L)) and zinc protoporphyrin group(the final concentration of zinc protoporphyrin was(10~(-5)mol/L)).Sulfide electrode method was used to measure the content of hydrogen sulfide in supernatant and the production rate of hydrogen sulfide in homogenate.Results Compared with the control group,hydrogen sulfide in supernatant was significantly increased(P

Objective To discuss the methods of treating diabetes merged oral and maxillofacial space infec-tion and their effects.Methods Clinical data of 20 patients with diabetes merged oral and maxillofacial space infec-tion were retrosepectively analyzed.Results All 20 cases of patients with diabetes merged oral and maxillofacial space infection were cured.The mean length of treatment was (18.4 ±2.8)days.There were 20 cases of positive results of bacterial culture,the positive rate was 100%,and there were 15 cases of streptococcal infection,4 cases of klebsiella pneumoniae infection,1 case of candida albicans infection.20 cases of patients was given incision and drainage,4 cases given incision of trachea.Conclusion It was easier for patients with diabetes having maxillofacial space infection,and more serious illness,more difficult for treating.Local infection should be treated,and systemic conditions should be improved as well.The risks of occurrence of serious complications should be reduced.

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in infants and children,which is very easy to metastasis and its malignant degree is very high.Because of its clinical differences,so far treatment of neuroblastoma is still difficult.Currently comprehensive therapies,including surgery,chemotherapy,radiation,stem cell transplantation,131 I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine therapy,biological therapy and immune therapy as well as target therapy dominant the treatment of this disease,and introduce the some of the treatment protocols for this disease.

The high-intensity interval training often consisted of groups of interval high-intensity exercise of exhaustion or above 90%maximal oxygen consumption, which can be applied to improve aerobic capacity. Adaption of skeletal muscles might be resulted from high-intensity interval training, including recruitment, glucose metabolism and activity of mitochondrial oxidase, etc., and improve maxi-mum oxygen uptake. It has been used for physical fitness, such as weight reduction, rehabilitation of heart diseases and diabetes mellitus, etc.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of tolterodine tartrate in treating patients with early overactive bladder(OAB) symptoms after transurethral resection prostate (TURP).Methods Thirty-one patients who received TURP and were found OAB at recent follow-up were enrolled and divided by random digits table method into study group ( 16 cases) and control group ( 15 cases).The patients in study group were treated with 2 mg tolterodine tartrate twice a day for four weeks,while the changes of OAB in control group were observed.The OAB symptoms score (OABSS),maximum flow rate(Qmax),24 h urination and adverse reactions during the period of medication of two groups before and after treatment were recorded and observed.Results The second evaluation,all the indexes except Qmax in study group improved significantly compared with those of the first evaluation in study group and control group the second evaluation.The indexes included urination times[(6.8 ± 1.0) times vs.( 12.5 ± 1.5) times,(11.8 ± 1.2)times],urgency times[(1.4 ± 1.1) times vs.(4.1 ±2.2) times,(4.1 ±2.3) times],urine volume [(214 ±36) ml vs.( 177 ± 46) ml,( 178 ± 44) ml ],nocturia times [ ( 1.9 ± 0.7) times vs.(2.9 ± 1.3 ) times,(2.8 ±1.4) times ],urge incontinence times [ (0.6 ± 0.5 ) times vs.( 1.6 ± 1.0) times,( 1.5 ± 1.0) times ].OABSS in study group the second evaluation was significantly lower than that in the first evaluation in study group and the second evaluation in control group [ (3.6 ± 1.8 ) scores vs.( 7.6 ± 3.3 ) scores,(7.4 ± 3.2) scores,P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ].There was no statistical significance in all the indexes in control group between the first evaluation and the second evaluation (P ＞ 0.05).There were 2 cases with adverse reactions which performed as dry mouth which could be tolerant.ConclusionTolterodine tartrate is efficient and safe in treating patients with early OAB symptoms after TURP.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of hepatitis B virus (HBV) S gene-specific antisense locked nucleic acid (LNA) on HBV replication and expression in HepG_22.2.15 cells,and to screen the effective short sequence of LNA.Methods Four different lengths of short sequence of antisense locked nucleic acid which were complementary to the initiator of HBV S gene were designed,synthesized and transfected by cationic liposomes into HepG_22.2.15 cells.The HBsAg and HBV DNA of supematant was tested by enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay(ELISA) and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(FQ-PCR) at 24,48 and 72 hours after treatment.LNA's cyto-toxicity on cell was evaluated by MTT method.Results Four different lengths of short sequence of LNA inhibi-ted the expression of HBsAg and the replication of HBV DNA with the inhibition rates of 46.58%,54.38%,72.43% ,69.92% and 27.09% ,28.77% ,34.71% ,32.68% respectively after 72 hours.There's no obvious tox-icity on cell.Conclusion Antisense LNA that targeting at HBV S gene has strong inhibition on HBV in vitro,and the optimal length of LNA sequence might be in the range of 15 base to 25 base.It has a therapeutic potential in the treatment of patients infected with HBV.

NG-nitro-D-arginine (D-NNA) produced pressor responses in rats by acting via chiral inversion intoNG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA), an inhibitor of nitro oxide synthase. The present investigation aimed to study the roleof the D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) in chiral inversion of D-NNA and the relationship between DAAO activitieson various D-amino acids and their inversion rate. Benzoate (400 mg/kg) or creatinine (400 mg/kg), two inhibitorsof DAAO, blocked D-NNA-induced pressor responses in rats. Furthermore, the addition of the pure DAAOsignificantly potentiates L-NNA production rate in kidney homogenates by approximately 2-folds. The in vivo andin vitro results suggested that DAAO plays an essential role in the pressor responses elicited by D-NNA.Moreover, crude DAAO solution from the kidney showed marked selection (the maximal ratio of Kcat/Km wasnearly 15 times) on different D-amino acids that exhibited similar chiral inversion rate in vivo, suggesting that otherenzymes, such as transaminase, are also required for the entire process of D-NNA chiral inversion.

Objective To observe the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the apoptosis expression of intestinal mucosa during the different periods of ischemia-reperfusion injury in order to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Method Rats were subjected to ischemia for 60 min by clamping superior mesenteric artery, and then had reperfusion for 60 min by unclamping. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R), pre-emptive HBO or HBO treatment before ischemia (HBO-P) group, HBO treatment during ischemia period (HBO-I) group, and HBO treatment during reperfusion (HBO-R) group. After reperfusion for 60 min, samples of small intestine tissue were taken from the end portion of ileum for detecting the levels of ATP by using colorimetric method and the levels of caspase-3 by using immunochemistry. The levels of TNF-α in intestinal tissue were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method ( ELISA). All values were expressed in Mean ± Standard Deviation (x ± s). The different groups were compared among them with SNK- q test of OneWay analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA plus SNK). Results The levels of TNF-α in HBO-I group were significantly lower than that in HBO-P group ( P ＜ 0.05), and significantly lower in HBO-P group than those in HBO-R or I/R groups ( P ＜ 0.05), and there was no significant difference in TNF-α between HBO-R and I/R group ( P ＞ 0.05). The levels of caspase-3 were significantly lower in HBO-I group than those in HBO-P group ( P ＜ 0. 05), and also significantly lower in HBO-P group than those in I/R or HBO-R groups ( P ＜ O. 05), and no significant difference caspase-3 was found between HBO-R and I/R groups. The ATP levels were significantly lower in HBO-I group than those in HBO- P group ( P ＜ 0. 05), and also significantly lower in HBO- P group than those in I/R or HBO-R group ( P ＜ 0.05), and no significant difference in ATP level between in HBO-R and I/R group. Conclusions There was a connection between HBO and small intestinal I/R injury as well as mucosal cell apoptosis. And HBO maintained ATP and aerobic metabolism, and inhibited the genesis of TNF-α, and thus in turn prevented intestinal mucosa cell from apoptosis. The best result was obtained when HBO was administered during ischemia period, and there was no effect found when HBO was employed during reperfusion period.

Objective To analyze the clinical feature of the patients with anti -N -methyl -D -aspartate receptor (NMDAR)encephalitis and feature of brain MRI and electroencephalogram (EEG)in children.Methods We reviewed the clinical manifestations,brain MRI and EEG features of 10 patients who were diagnosed anti -NMDAR encephalitis.Results Of the 10 patients,3 cases were male and 7 cases were female.The age was ranged from 13 months to 14 years (6 years and 11 months on average).No tumor was found in those patients.Main symp-toms included seizure in 9 cases,psychiatric symptoms in 10 cases,consciousness disturbance in 4 cases,involuntary movements in 8 cases,autonomic nerve instability in 5 cases,and sleep disorders in 10 cases.7 patients of MRI exami-nation were normal,2 patients revealed abnormal signal of temporal lobe,frontal,and parietal cortex.One patient revealed brain atrophy.All patients had abnormal EEG with diffusive slow waves,and some with focal spikes or sharp waves,left side abnormal more than right side.Conclusion Anti -NMDAR encephalitis can be found in children, even young boys may be affected.They have a lower incidence of tumors.Its predominant clinical features are psychi-atrics symptoms,seizures,involuntary movements and consciousness alteration.EEG was considered more significant than brain MRI.