Objective If IL-2 and IFN-? are united,perhaps we may see a more significant antitumor effect.A fusion gene of IL-2 and IFN-? was designed and constructed by DNA engineering.Methods CEA promotor、IL-2cDNA and IFN-?cDNA were obtained by PCR and RT-PCR.SDS-PAGE was used to examine the results;pcDNA-IL-2、pcDNA-IFN-?、pCEA-IL-2/ IFN-?、pEGFP-IL-2/ IFN-? were transfected to CEA high expression cell line(Lovo)by use of liposome.The fusion protein expression was examined by fluorescence microscope and Western blotting.Results IL-2/ IFN-? fusion gene can be expressed in tumor cells.Its expression is more obvious in CEA high expressed cells(Lovo),and can be located in cell plasma.Conclusion The fusion gene can be expressed in plasma of CEA high expressed cell lines.It may have a new anti-tumor effects.

The incidence of malnutrition among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) constantly increases despite the development of health care and dialysis techniques.New nutritional targets for CKD patients upon maintenance treatment have been developed.Before dialysis,evidences have shown that a long-term nutritional care plan,with a control of protein intake,can effectively correct metabolic disorders including proteinuria and acidosis.During the maintenance dialysis,the optimal protein and energy intakes have been recently challenged.The new classification of nutritional disorders in CKD patients may help the easily identification of protein-energy wasting.

The initiation and development of diabetic chronic complications is associated not only with the level of blood glucose,but also with the glucose fluctuation.The damage in large artery and microvessel may be caused by glucose fluctuation.There are two causes which induce glucose fluctuation in clinical:one is postprandial hyperglyceamia with not well controlled,the other is hypoglycemia causes by unsuitable therapy.A lot of effective new types of substances were applicated in clinical,such as ?-glucosidase inhibitor,glinide-insulin secretagogus,fast-acting and long-acting insulin analogues.With these new powerful tools,there is possibility to treat diabetes more correctly and safely,and control the blood glucose in a stable and good level.

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture is a leading cause of pain and disability for the elderly. It tends to occur more frequently as the senile population continues to increase. The traditional treatment and surgery are often poorly tolerated by the elderly. In recently years, the minimally invasive percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty have become common procedures to treat painful vertebral compression fractures. Percutaneous injection of bone cement or expansion of an inflatable sacculus to enlarge the compressed vertebra before the vertebral body is strengthened by cement deposition can stabilize the fracture and reduce pain. This article is to review the indications, surgical techniques, clinical results and complications for vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty in recent years.

Objective:To analyze the causes and treatment ofshallowanterior chamber in 50 patients(58 eyes)with primary angle closed glaucoma after trabeculectomy.Methods:330 cases(422 eyes)with primary angle closed glaucoma,enrolled from January 2006 to May 2009 in our hospital,were underwent trabeculectomy with application of 0.4 g/L mitomycin C once under and above sclera flap during all filtering surgeries.50 patients(58 eyes)were found with postoperative shallow anterior chamber.Results:The intraocular pressure of all patients were decreased.The incidence of shallow anterior chamber were found 50 patients(58 eyes).The causes were excessive aqueous humor filteration(29 eyes),filter bleb leaks(15 eyes),choroida detachment(5 eyes),malignant glaucoma(3 eyes).Anterior chamber reformed in 8 eyes with surgical procedure and 88 eyes without any surgical procedure.Conclusion:The incidence of shallowanterior chamber is high after trabeculetomy with application of mitomycin C in patients with primary angle closed glaucoma.Most of such cases could be reformed through conservation treatment.

Objective:To construct a eukaryotic vector containing human TACI-linker-BR3-IgGFc double receptor fusion gene and to investigate its expression in COS-7 cells.Methods: The standard cloning technology was employed to construct the(title) vector,which was then used to transfect COS-7 cells by lipofectamine 2000.The expression of target protein and their interaction with BAFF and APRIL protein were examined by Western blot,ELISA,and immunohistochemistry methods.Results: The expression of the fusion protein was observed in transiently transfected COS-7 cells, with the transfection efficiency being 48%.The fusion protein was detected in the supernatant.It suggested that the fusion protein interacted well with BAFF and(APRIL) proteins;the IgGFc tag did not influence the natural assembly and the biological activity of fusion proteins.Conclusion: A vector containing TACI-linker-BR3 double receptor and IgGFc fusion gene has been successfully constructed and the(subsequent) fusion protein is bioactive,which paves a way for further research on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and biotherapy strategy.

Objective To clone mouse FasL(mFasL) full length cDNA and construct eukaryotic expression vector,and to detect its expression in dendritic cells.Methods RT-PCR and TA cloning technique were used to clone the mFasL full length cDNA from mouse activated T lymphocytes,and then eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2EGFP containing mFasL cDNA was constructed.The positive recombinants pIRES2EGFP-mFasL were transfected into dendritic cells(DC),the expression of mFasL mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and the expression of mFasL protein was assayed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.Results The cloned full reading frame of mFasL cDNA was in coincidence with the sequence registered in GenBank.In the DC after transfection of pIRES2EGFP-mFasL,the expressions of mFasL mRNA and mFasL protein were detected.Conclusion The mFasL cDNA was cloned and constructed into the eukaryotic expression vector successfully,and mFasL gene could be expressed efficiently in DC transfected by pIRES2EGFP-mFasL.

Systematic evolution of ligand by exponential enrichment(SELEX) is a new combinational chemical methodology for in vitro selection of specific aptamers.Aptamers are artificial oligonucleotide ligands with high-affinity binding to target molecules,such as amino acids,drugs,proteins and other small molecules or ions and so on.They are isolated from combinational libraries of synthetic oligonucleotide by an iterative process of affinity selection,recovery and amplification.Several properties of aptamers make them an attractive class of therapeutic compounds.Their affinity and specificity for a given protein make it possible to isolate a matching ligand,and to adjust their bioavailability.Aptamers may be useful in the treatment of a variety of human diseases including infectious illness,cancer and cardiovascular diseases.The development of this emerging class of therapeutics is reviewed,in terms of progress,and potentially clinical application.

Objective: To examine the effects of alginate on bone mesenchymal stem cells(bMSCs).Methods: bMSCs were cultured on the alginate gels(experimental group) and tissue culture plastics(control group);the morphous of bMSCs was observed by microscope after toluidine blue staining;the growth curves were analyzed by MTT;and the expressions of osteoblast related genes(alkaline phosphatase,collagen I and osteonectin) were detected by RT-PCR when cultured for 6 days.Results: There were no difference in the cell proliferation between the experimental group and control group.The morphous of bMSCs in the experimental group was induced to be similar to that of osteoblasts and form colony proliferation obviously.The alkaline phosphatase and collagen I genes were positive in the two groups,but their expressions in the experimental group were higher;at the same time,osteonectin gene was positive in the experimental group and negative in the control group.Conclusion: bMSCs may differentiate into osteoblasts automatically when cultured for longer time and that alginate gels could promote this differentiation and may be suitable biomaterial of scaffold in bone tissue engineering.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures in drinking waterborn endemic fluorosis areas after water improvement in Xuchang City,Henan Province.Methods In the drinking water-born endemic fluorosis areas of Xuchang City,Henan Province,15 villages were selected based on the following parameters:the unimproved water group,the water improvement time ＜ 3 years group,the water improvement time 3-5 years group and the water improvement time ＞ 5 years group,using a multi-stage random sampling method.In those villages,the concentration of urinary fluoride was tested by the ion selective electrode method on 30 children selected by every village,and Deans method was applied for diagnosis of dental fluorosis on all students age 8-12 years old of the 15 villages.Results The dental fluorosis prevalence rates of the unimproved water group,the water improvement time ＜ 3 years group,the water improvement time 3-5 years group and the water improvement time ＞ 5 years group were 53.57％ (120/224),63.64％ (98/154),37.30％ (47/126) and 22.99％ (40/174),respectively,and the urinary fluoride geometry means were 2.10,1.30,1.07 and 1.02 mg/L,respectively.The prevalence of dental fluorosis was significantly different between the improvement time 3-5 years and the unimproved water groups (x2 =8.56,P ＜ 0.008),and between the improvement time ＞ 5 years and the unimproved water groups too (x2 =38.10,P ＜ 0.008).The geometric mean of urinary fluoride was significantly different between the improvement time ＜ 3 years and the unimproved water groups (q =5.66,P ＜ 0.01),between the improvement time 3-5 years and the unimproved water groups (q =8.14,P ＜ 0.01),and between the improvement time ＞ 5 years and the unimproved water groups (q =8.28,P ＜ 0.01).The level of urine fluoride in children was positively correlated with the fluoride content in the village (r =0.659,P ＜ 0.01),and was positively correlated with dental fluorosis index too (r =0.758,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The content of urinary fluoride has decreased significantly in less than three years after water improvement in drinking water-born endemic fluorosis areas.The incidence of dental fluorosis in children is related to the improvement of water supply.The longer the time of the water improvement,the more obvious the detection rate decreased more obvious.