Objective To establish a method for determination of lead in cosmetics. Methods Samples were digested. The lead content was detected by isochronous mercury-plating method with the condition of lead cation being enriched for 40 s at -1.20V(vs. SCE). Results The stripping potential peak of lead appeared at - 0. 20 V( vs. SCE) . The detection limit was 0.03 jug Pb. Six parallel determinations of a sample were done with the mean of 3.574mg/ kg and the relative standard deviation of 4. 1% . Recovery rates obtained by standard addition test ranged from 90% -100.5% . Conclusion The method is suitable for detecting lead in cosmetics.

Objective To observe the effect of midazolam (MID) on amino acid levels in cultured PC12 cells challenged by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), and to explore the possible protective action of midazolam which is an anesthetic. Methods Cultured PC12 cells were divided into control group, NMDA group, and MID group. In NMDA group, PC12 cells were challenged by 300?mol/L NMDA in vitro. In MID group, 3?mol/L or 30?mol/L of MID was added to the challenged PC12 cell culture, thus forming two subgroups. After being treated with NMDA 300?mol/L for 4 hours, the PC12 cells were collected, rinsed, levigated and centrifuged (12 000r/min for 20min, at 4℃), then the supernatant liquid was collected. The levels of amino acids were determined with high performance liquid chromatograpy (HPLC). Results After exposing to NMDA 300?mol/L for 4 hours, the level of glutamate released from PC12 cells rose significantly, whereas the level of glutamine, aparatate and glycine remained unchanged. In the presence of MID 3?mol/L and 30?mol/L for 4 hours, the level of glutamate was lowered significantly (P

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Taoren Xikang pills and provide the method for the quality control and evaluation of the preparation. Methods Methanol extracts of ten batches of Taoren Xikang pills were analyzed with HPLC-UV method. Analysis was performed on C18 column (4.6 mm× 250 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water gradient eluted at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 203 nm. Results A standard HPLC fingerprint procedure was developed for Taoren Xikang pills with 26 common peaks. The similarity of 10 batches of Taoren Xikang pills was not lower than 0.9. Conclusion The method is accurate, repeatable and can be used for the quality control of Taoren Xikang pills.

Objective To investigate the effects of dilution of whole blood in vitro with different amount of normal saline on blood coagulation.Methods Nineteen healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in the present study.Venous blood samples obtained from each volunteer were diluted with normal saline in saline/blood ratio(v/v) of 2∶8(20%),3∶7(30%),4∶6(40%),5∶5(50%) and 6∶4(60%).Undiluted blood was considered as control.Coagulability of each group was determined with Sonoclot coagulation and platelet function analyzer,including activated clotting time(ACT),clot rate(CR),time to peak(TP),maximal clot signal(MCS),and platelet function(PF).Results 1) ACT: Compared with control value,ACT was significantly shortened with 20% dilution(P

Objective To control the quality of Shujin Jiegu tablets by determining the content of dracorhodin in the preparation by HPLC.Method With dracorhodin as index,the content of dracorhodin in the preparation was determined by HPLC.Results Dracorhodin showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1.53～7.66 ?g,r =0.999 9.The average recovery was 98.64%,RSD=1.12%.Conclusion This method is simple,rapid,repeatable,and applicable to the quality control of the preparation.

To observe the effect of propofol on the change in neuron specific enolase(NSE) contents in the serum and cererospinal fluid(CSF) of rabbits suffering from brain injury, so as to explore the protective effect of propofol on the brain, 20 New Zealand rabbits were inflicted with brain injury and randomized into control group and propofol treatment group ( n =10 each). Samples of serum and CSF were collected before trauma and 4h, 24h, 48h, 72h and one week following trauma respectively. The contents of NSE in serum and CSF were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) method. The results showed that the content of NSE in serum at 24h, 48h, 72h and one week, and that in CSF from 4h to one week after trauma in control group were elevated significantly as compared with those before trauma ( P

Objective To monitor and modulate the coagulation disorder during operation in patients undergiong allogeneic liver transplantation. Methods PT, TT, APTT, FIB, HB, PLT count, sonoclot coagulation and platelet function were measured dynamically in 10 patients during anesthesia and operation. Results After coagulants were used, the above parameters pertaining to coagulation function were improved obviously. All of above coagulation parameters were severely abnormal in the period from 30 minutes before anesthesia to 20 minutes after portal vein recirculation. The hypocoagulability was significantly improved at the end of operation by target supplementation of prothrombin complex, fibrinogen, fresh platelets, and other coagulants, complementing large amount of fresh blood plasma. Notably, severe hemorrhage and thrombosis leading to re-operation did not happen in all the recepients. Conclusion The relationship of the local hypercoagubility at the anastomosis and the systemic hypocoagulation should be concerned to prevent coagulation and thrombosis during operation of liver transplantation.

Objective To analyse the efficacy of hysteroscopic resection and norethisterone in abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods 38 cases of submucos myoma of uterine body,26 cases of endometrium polyps and 16 cases of complex hyperplasis of endometrium were treated with hysteroscopic resection,and all the cases take norethisterone for one month before hysteroscopic resection and go on taking norethisterone for three months after operation.All the cases were followed up with the improvement of symptoms and the chang of uterine cavity.Results All the cases were followed up for 3～18 months after operation.The efficacy of submucous myoma of uterine body was 92.10%(36/38) and that of endometrium polyps was 84.61%(22/26) and that of complex hyperplasis of endometrium was 93.75%(15/16).Conclusion The treatment of hysteroscopic resection and norethisterone in submucous myoma,endometrium polyps and complex hyperplasis has advantages of satisfied results,slight trauma,fast recovery and fewer recurrence relapse.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of sequential telbivudine ( LDT) therapy following interferon-α( IFN-α) in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B patients.Methods 94 chronic hepatitis B patients in our hospital hepatitis clinic archives from August 2008 to September 2013 were divided into two groups, 45 patients treated with LDT following IFN-αdue to unsatisfactory response to peginterferon-α-2a (peg-IFN-α-2a)treatment in the sequential group and 49 patients treated with LDT initially in the controlled group.In the sequential group, 22 patients failed to respond to IFN-αtreatment, 4 patients obtained IFN-resistance, 6 patients developed severe side effects, 1 patients had pre-C mutation and 12 patients switched to LDT due to economic factors or fertility requirement.The biochemical response and virological response, virological breakthrough and serological response were observed.Chi-square test was adapted for data analysis.Results After 32.35 months of LDT therapy, 88.9%(40/45) patients had with HBV-DNA <100 IU/mL in the experiment group compared with 44.9%(22/49) patients in the control group (P<0.05).The rates of HBeAg loss and HBeAg seroconversion in the experiment group were 53.3%(24/45) and 51.1%(23/45) respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the control group, 24.5%(12/49) and 24.5% (12/49) (P<0.05).6.7% (3/45) patients developed virological breakthrough in the sequential group compared with 34.7%(17/49) in the control group (P<0.05).Above results suggested the synergistic antiviral activity between peg-IFN-α-2a and LDT.Conclusion Sequential LDT therapy following peg-IFN-α-2a is better efficacy and safety compared with treating patients with LDT alone initially.

Objective Blood lactic acid(LA) and glucose(Glu) level are important parameters of anaerobic glycolysis and can be used to assess the severity of brain injury and cerebral metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of propofol on traumatic brain injury by measuring blood and CSF level of LA and Glu in addition to microscopic and NSE immunohistochemical examination of brain tissue. Methods Ninety New Zealand rabbits weighing 2.6-3.0 kg were used . Traumatic brain injury model was established according to Wang's method. Part Ⅰ . Twenty rabbits were divided into two groups of ten animal each. Blood and CSF samples were taken before and 4h, 24h, 48h, 72h and 1 week after trauma for determination of LA and Glu levels. Propofol group received propofol 30mg' kg-1?h-1 infusion for 30 min in addition to ketamine 1mg/kg before each collection of samples. PartⅡ . Seventy rabbits were divided into seven groups with ten animals in each group. Brain tissues were taken before and 24h, 72h, and 1 week after trauma for microscopic and NES immunohistochemical examination. Propofol group received infusion of 30 propofol mg kg-1 h-1 for 30 mm every day. In control group animals received same amount of normal saline. Results Blood and CSF levels of LA increased significantly after trauma in both groups but were significantly higher in control group than those in propofol group at corresponding intervals. Blood and CSF Glu levels decreased significantly in control group after trauma but in propofol group blood Glu level decreased only at 4h and 24h after trauma and CSF Glu level at 24h after trauma. There was significant difference in blood and CSF levels of Glu after trauma between the two groups. In both groups microscopic examination of brain tissue showed hemorrhage, degeneration, decrease in glial cells and vacuolization of some neuron in brain tissue of injured and surrounding areas at 24h after trauma, infiltration of neutrophils at 72h after trauma and cerebral interstitial edema and glial cell proliferation at 1 week after trauma. Neurons showed no NSE expression. In propofol group the above mentioned changes were relatively slight. Conclusions Propofol can significantly reduce blood and CSF LA levels after trauma and protect the animal from traumatic brain injury. Further studies are needed on the dosage and method of administration of propofol.