Objective To explore identification method for genuine glabrous greenbrier rhizome and ensure an accurate clinical medication. Methods Such aspects as characters, microscope appearance, physicochemical analysis,chemical composition, and efficacy were used to identified the genuine glabrous from its adulterants. Results There are significant differences between glabrous greenbrier and its adulterants in the above-mentioned aspects. Conclusion Genuine glabrous greenbrier rhizome can be identified since it has obvious differences from its adulterants.

Objective To analyze the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and left ventricular hypertrophy ( LVH ) in patients with early chronic kidney disease ( CKD ). Methods Homeostatic model method was used for detecting insulin resistance index (Homa-IR) in 108 patients with early CKD and 25 normal healthy cases, and the other clinical data such as Hb, creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) , parathyroid hormone (PTH) , ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ( ABPM ) data, including day average systolic blood pressure (dSBP), day average diastolic blood pressure (dDBP), night average systolic blood pressure ( nSBP) , night average diastolic blood pressure ( nDBP) , 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure (mSBP), 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure (mDBP), decline in the percentage of diastolic blood pressure at night (nDPD) and decline in the percentage of systolic blood pressure at night (nDPS) were also measured. Echocardiography was used for measuring LVH relevant data, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was calculated. Then, the relationship between LVH and IR and other clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Results IR existed in early CKD patients. With the decline of Ccr, both the value of Homa-IR and the incidence of IR increased significantly (both P < 0. 05). LVH existed in early CKD patients and with the decline of Ccr, both LVMI value and the incidence of LVH increased significantly (both P <0. 01). Compared with the non-IR group, the IR group had higher LVMI value (P<0. 05) and higher incidence of LVH (P<0. 01). Compared with the non-LVH group, the LVH group had higher levels of Fins, 2hPG, Homa-IR (all P <0. 05), and higher incidence of IR (P <0. 01). The LVH group had significant lower levels of Ccr, Hb and nDPD (all P <0. 05) , higher levels of dSBP, dDBP, nSBP, nDBP, mSBP, mDBP and PTH (all P<0.05) than the non-LVH group. LVMI had significant positive correlations with 2hPG, Fins, Homa-IR, dSBP, nSBP, mSBP and PTH (r = 0.255, 0.373, 0.376,0.222,0.199,0.225,0.221,0.246, respectively; all P<0.05), but significant negative correlations with Hb and Ccr (r = -0.588,-0.313, respectively; both P<0.01). Multi-factor regression analysis showed that Hb, Homa-IR, and Ccr entered the regression equation (y = 167. 106 - 0. 755x_1 + 0. 250x_2 +0.322x_3, y = LVMI; 167. 106 = constant, t = 12. 138, P =0.000; x_1 =Hb, t= -6.800, P = 0. 000; x_2 = Homa-IR, t = 3. 229, P = 0. 002; x_3 = Ccr, t = 2. 898, P = 0. 005). Conclusion IR existed in early CKD patients and become more severe with the decline of renal function. IR had a significant correlation with LVH, and it may be an important risk factor for the development of LVH. Besides, both anemia and decline of renal function are also associated with LVH.

Objective To analyze the cases of malignant tumors found in health examination in our hospital, and to determine the prevalence and characteristics of malignant tumor, and to provide evidence for the development of effective early screening program. Methods A total of 468673 subjects were included from those who had health checkup from July 2009 to December 2014 at the physical examination center. The subjects were between 4 to 96 years of age, with average age of (56.0±12.5) years. Of them, there were 278484 men, 190189 women. All cases found in the examination were confirmed with pathological testing. Prevalence comparison was done withχ2 test, statistic significance level was set at P<0.05. Results Totally 753 cases of malignant tumors were found in 6 consecutive years, with an overall prevalence rate at 160.7/100000. The prevalence rate increased yearly from 50.0/100000 for the first year, and 100.6/100000, 146.1/100000, 149.1/100000, 188.9/100000, 221.6/100000 thereafter. The difference between each 2 years was statistically significant (P<0.01). The top ten malignant tumors were liver cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, leukemia and thyroid cancer. The prevalence rates of malignant tumors in the top three were liver cancer, lung cancer and kidney cancer for man and cervical cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer for women respectively. With the increase of age, the incidence of malignant tumor showed a rising trend, especially for the group of over 80 years old. But women with cervical cancer in the 50-years age group was the highest. Conclusion The number of cases of malignant tumors found in the health checkup population was rising. It is important to include early screening for malignant tumor in physical examination. We should also pay attention to the relevant departments, in order to improve the early cancer detection rate and decrease the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors.

0'C to

Aim: The tandem Claisen rearrangement/Diels-Alder reaction in ionic liquid was carried out to find better changes for the conversion. Methods: The synthesis started with replaced benzoic acid via acylation, cycli-zation, demethylation, allylation and then tandem Claisen rearrangement/Diels-Alder reaction in trational solvent and ionic liquid separately. Results: BmimBF_4 raised the yield of the target compound and shortened the reaction time compared with the traditional solvent Conclusion: BmimBF_4 can promote the tandem Claisen rearrange-ment/Diels-Alder reaction.

BACKGROUND:Artificial cornea titanium scaffold has a higher complication rate in clinical usage; therefore, to seek a kind of artificial corneal scaffold with high biocompatibility is a hot spot.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the biocompatibility of the artificial cornea titanium scaffold with hydroxyapatite surface modification.
METHODS: Twenty-seven New Zealand white rabbits were enroled to make alkali burn models of the right cornea and then randomized into three groups: in experimental group, artificial cornea titanium scaffold with hydroxyapatite surface modification was implanted into the right eye; in control group, artificial cornea titanium scaffold was implanted into the right eye; in blank group, no scaffold was implanted into the right eye. At 2, 4, 16 weeks after implantation, the right corneas were taken out for pathological observation and scanning electron microscope observation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 16 weeks after implantation, there was no difference in the number of inflammatory cels and fibroblasts among the three groups. Over time, in the experimental group, the corneal tissues, fibrous tissues and adhered extracelular matrices were increased gradualy. In addition, the experimental group had more adherent corneal tissues, extracelular matrices and better tissue healing than the control and blank groups. These findings indicate that the artificial cornea titanium scaffold with hydroxyapatite surface modification had good biocompatibility that can effectively promote proliferation of corneal cels and corneal vascularization.

Objective To reveal the main authors, institutions and countries and analyze their cooperation models by plotting the cooperation network knowledge map of highly cited papers on diabetes mellitus published in 2004-2013 .Methods The cooperation network knowledge map was plotted using the visual software Citespace for the au-thors , institutions and countries that published highly cited papers on diabetes mellitus in 2004-2013 .Results The core authors were Graham Nichol, SM Grundy and Hertzel C.Gerstein, etc.The cooperation in teams was close while the cooperation between teams was rare.The core institutions were Harvard University, Brigham and Womens Hospital, University of Sydney, etc.Universities played the important role in scientific research.The most influential countries were USA, Britain and Canada which had a very close cooperation between each other.Conclusion Single point type, double core type, development type and complete type are the cooperation models of authors, institutions and countries that published highly cited papers on diabetes mellitus in 2004-2013.Geoproperty-and institutional property-based cooperation is still in its infancy, cooperation and exchange should thus be strengthened between cities, between universities, between medical institutions , between general institutions and scientific institutions .

AIM: To observe the efficacy, feasibility and safety of endovascular stent-grafts in treating aortic dissection.METHODS: Six patients with aortic dissecting aneurysm (3 males and 3 females, aged 32-67 years, average of 50 years old) were selected from Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College between March 2005 and March 2006. They were diagnosed by transthoracic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and aortic angiography, and as type Ⅲ aortic dissecting aneurysm according to Debakey typing. The tumor diameter was ranged from 3.2 to 4.3 cm. The informed consent was obtained from all patients. Two weeks after the onset, the blood pressure was control between 90-110 and 60-70 mm Hg and heart rate at 60-65 times/min, then the straight circular and bifurcated stents, the product of Yuhengjia Company, composed of single naked membrane, straight circular and bifurcated stents made of nickel-titanium memory alloy, and cover of domestic artificial blood vessel were implanted with the patients generally anesthetized. The aortic dissection and general condition of patients after operation were observed with angiography, and the patient recovery condition was examined by spiral CT at postoperative months 3 and 12.RESULTS: All 6 cases were involved in the result analysis.①The diameters of stents for the patients were appropriate. The angiography showed that the thoracic aortic dissection in 4 cases disappeared, and thrombogenesis was found in false lumen; the thoracic aortic dissections in 2 cases disappeared, however, a little contrast agent was found in false lumen, but the blood flow was very slow. The general condition of all patients was good with stable vital signs, all patients discharged after 7-10 days.②CT results at 3 month after operation suggested that the original false lumen significantly contracted, and the true lumen restored to normal level. In case 3, there was mural thrombus in the distal stent that connected with stent vessel wall, and the thrombus hyperplasia was not obvious during follow up. At 12 months after operation, there was no distinct alteration in the stent location and appearance, and the life quality of patients was significantly improved.CONCLUSION: Endovascular stent-grafts are effective and safe in treating aortic dissection.

BACKGROUND: Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) refers to join the fluorescence groups into PCR reacting system, and to real-time monitor entire PCR process using the fluorescence signal accumulation, finally to make the quantitative analysis of the unknown template through the standard curve. OBJECTIVE: To study the theory of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and to explore its applications and progress in medicine. METHODS: With "real-time fluorescence quota PCR, theorem, application" in English for the search term, PubMed database was retrieved from January 2000 to December 2008. With "real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, principle, application" in Chinese for the search term, Wanfang Database from January 2000 to December 2008, Tsinghua Tongfang Chinese database from January 2000 to December 2008 ware was retrieved. Literatures were limited to English and Chinese languages. Cell factor and tumor resistance genes served as the evaluation index. The methodology of research on the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology and medical applied research on real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology were included. While repetitive research and Meta analysis were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Because real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology has not only realized PCR develops from qualitative to quantitative levels, but also has strong specificity, high sensitivity, good duplication, accurate quantization, high automaticity, and entire blocking response compared with conventional PCR, thus it becomes the important tool in the molecular biology research. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique has been widely applied, such as mRNA expression, detections of DNA copy number and determination of mononucleotide polymorphism, as well as in the clinical medicine including accurate quantitative examination of mycobacterium tuberculosis, Type B and Type C hepatitis, AIDS virus, gonococcus, and chlamydia trachomatis. Its quantitative scope extremely extends, no need of gradient dilution, the specificity is stronger, overcomes the false positivity. Due to the traditional PCR technology cannot give the accurate quantization, it is greatly limited in the practical application. Therefore, the accurate quantization of the PCR product, particularly the dynamic monitoring of viral etiology, becomes the urgent need.

Humic acid (HA) was extracted by NaOH solution from black soil of Heilongjiang in China.Reaction characterization of rare earth elements (La3+,Ce3+,Gd3+and Y3+) with HA was studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.Results showed that peaks (1600 cm-1 and 1400 cm-1) in FTIR spectra of HA became strength after reaction,implying that carboxyl groups of HA reacted with rare earth elements.