As the key component of immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) are the most competent antigen presenting cells. Compared with the conventional direct vaccination, in vitro treatment of DCs with tumor antigens generates more potent APC to stimulate antitumor response in vivo. This efficient cellular immuno-therapy is gaining increasing popularity in tumor vaccine preparation.

Kouzilan was selected as a potent hypotensive drug, and two fractions, K01 (hydrosoluble element) and K02 (fat-soluble element), were extracted from it. Thepresent study focused on its mechanism of vascular effects in vitro. The data showed thatK01 and K02 antagonized the contraction of isolated thoracic aortic ring of SD rat, indu-ced by norepinephrine (NE, 1 ?mol/L). The IC_(50) values of K01 and K02 were 1.98g/Land 1.15g/L respectively, and that of Verapamil (Ver) was 0.88 ?mol/L. K01, K02 andVer all shifted the dose-response curves of NE to the right in a noncompetitive antagonis-tic manner, and they also depressed the maximal efficacy of contraction. Added NE intoa calcium-free K-H solution to induce aortic vessel contraction (phase 1), then added cal-cium (2.5mmol/L) to induce continued contraction (phase 2), K01 depressed phase 2significantly. In lower concentration, K02 was similar to K01, however, in higher concen-tration, it depressed phase 1 and phase. 2 significantly, which was similar to Ver. Theseresults suggested that K01 and K02 had a vasodilative effect, which was related to theblockade of the receptor operated calcium channel (ROC). K02 inhibited both the calciumrelease from intracellar storage sites and the influx of extracellar calcium, but K01 onlyinhibited the latter.

Research on inflammatory response,liver injury,and immune regulation has demonstrated that the intricate interactions among immune cells constitute a critical regulatory network.Alcohol consumption alters the liver microenvironment,triggering inflammation and immune responses.Elucidating the inhibitory,cooperative,and synergistic effects among lymphocytes and myeloid cells may reveal the core mechanisms of alcohol-associated liver disease(ALD)pathogenesis and identify promising therapeutic targets.This review seeks to elucidate the intricate and multifaceted interactions among immune cells,encompassing both direct cellular interactions and the secretion of various effector molecules.It is essential to underscore that these interactions have broader and more complex roles in ALD than the activities of individual immune cell types.These interactions play a crucial role in mutually regulating one another,thereby preserving the homeostasis of the inflammatory and immune response in the liver environment.Targeting these immune cell interactions is anticipated to offer a novel approach to the prevention and treatment of ALD.

Objective To investigate and optimize the condition of purification and crystallization of oncogenic protein MDM2.Methods MDM2 was expressed in E.coli expression system, and purified by Ni-NTA chelating affinity chromatography and molecular sieve chromatography.The secondary structure of purified protein was analyzed by circular dichroism spectroscopy (CD).Then the crystallization condition of MDM2 was screened and optimized by sitting-drop vapor-diffusion method.Results High purity of MDM2 was obtained by Ni-NTA chelating affinity chromatography and molecular sieve chromatography purification.CD analysis indicated the secondary structure of MDM2 was ordered.Protein-crystallisation experiments illustrated that MDM2 was prone to crystallization under lower pH.Conclusion The optimum pH of MDM2 protein crystallization is 5.5, the optimum protein concentration is 10 mg/mL.

On the basis of analysis and summary of current application of reference extracts of traditional Chinese medicine, reference extracts for quality assessment of traditional Chinese medicines are divided into three classes by purpose: 1. herbal or volatile oil reference extracts for TLC identification of original herbal medicines or patent traditional Chinese medicines containing original herbal medicines. 2. component reference extracts for identification of certain components or positioning of chromatographic peaks. 3. reference extracts marked with component content to be determined for quantitative analysis on samples. For the third kind of reference extracts, akebiae saponin was taken as an example for preparation thought and methods in such aspects as preparation process, component identification and content analysis.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate the relation between 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3] and coronary artery disease. Methods Three hundred and ten patients with selective coronary angiogram (CAG) were enrolled in this study and they were divided into two groups: non-coronary artery stenosis group with 76 patients and coronary artery stenosis group with 234 patients. The degree of coronary artery stenosis was evaluated by the international general Gensini integration system. The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer. The level of 25(OH)D3 was detected by tandem mass spectrometry. The relationship of Gensini integration scores and risk factors were analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used in multicity factors analysis. Results The levels of age, Gensini integration scores, 25(OH)D3, FPG and LDL-C in non-coronary artery stenosis group and coronary artery stenosis group had significant differences (P<0.05). The number of coronary stenosis and Gensini integration scores in 25(OH) D3 deficiency group were significantly higher than those in non-25 (OH)D3 deficiency group (P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, FPG and 25(OH)D3 levels were risk factors for coronary artery stenosis (P<0.01 or<0.05), and the level of 25(OH)D3 had negative correlation with coronary artery stenosis (B =- 0.100), and it was a protection factor (OR =0.904, 95%CI:0.911-0.983, P=0.000). Conclusions 25(OH)D3 deficiency is one of the risk factor of coronary artery disease.

Objective:To explore the relationship between constitutional types of Chinese medicine and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to construct an early warning model for AD risk.Methods:In the established multimodal interventions to delay dementia and disability in rural China (MIND-China) study, 4 033 elderly subjects aged ≥60 years old were included. The data including demographic, underlying disease and neuropsychological data were collected.The Chinese medicine service record form for the elderly was used to assess constitutional types of Chinese medicine and to apply the NIA-AA diagnostic criteria published by the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association in 2011 for the diagnosis of clinically likely AD. Logistic regression analysis and AD risk prediction models were constructed using R statistical software, and the final prediction results were presented using columnar plots.Results:The MIND-China cohort was dominated by the abnormal constitution (69.28%), of which Phlegm-wetness type was the most common (58.05%), followed by Yang-deficiency type (23.85%). The most constitutional type of Chinese medicine among AD patients was Phlegm-wetness type (54.35%), followed by Qi-depression type (38.04%). Multi-factorial logistic regression analysis suggested that increasing age ( β=0.101, P<0.001, OR=1.107, 95% CI=1.069-1.146) and Qi-depression type ( β=0.622, P=0.016, OR=1.862, 95% CI=1.116-3.076) were able to increase the risk of developing AD, while education ( β=-1.047, P<0.001, OR=0.351, 95% CI=0.205-0.584) was able to reduce the risk of developing AD. By using the risk score model to calculate the total risk score for each subject and plotting the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), the area under the ROC was 0.769 and the calibration curve showed excellent consistency between prediction and reality. Conclusion:Older adults with Qi-depression type are significantly associated with an increased likelihood of AD.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of interleukin (IL)-37, osteoprotegerin with coronary artery disease and its stenosisdegree.Methods:The prospective research method was used. From April 2018 to June 2019, two hundred and eleven suspected or diagnosed coronary artery disease patients who had chest pain or discomfort in Dalian Friendship Hospital were selected. The patients underwent selective percutaneous coronary angiography and completed coronary stenosis score (Gensini score). According to the degree of coronary stenosis, 211 patients were divided into the control group(coronary stenosis<50%, 45 cases), single-vessel stenosis group (single-vessel stenosis ≥ 50%, 52 cases), double-vesselstenosis group (double-vesselstenosis ≥ 50%, 58 cases), and triple-vessel stenosis group (triple-vessel stenosis ≥ 50%, 56 cases). The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), lipoprotein a, uric acid, creatinine were measured by the automatic biochemical analyzer. The serum levels of IL-37 and osteoprotegerin were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:There were no statistical differences in FBG, uric acid, creatinine, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, ApoA1 and ApoB among 4 groups ( P>0.05). In the control group, single-vessel stenosis group, double-vessel stenosis group and triple-vessel stenosis group, lipoprotein a was (0.266 ± 0.060), (0.283 ± 0.070), (0.289 ± 0.066) and (0.307 ± 0.084) mg/L respectively; coronary stenosis score was (8.27 ± 7.08), (437.45 ± 98.47), (493.72 ± 125.19) and (522.61 ± 149.34) scores respectively; IL-37 was (342.27 ± 122.36), (437.45 ± 98.47), (493.72 ± 125.19) and (522.61 ± 149.34) ng/L respectively; osteoprotegerin was (378.29 ± 111.95), (458.39 ± 115.37), (502.50 ± 116.88) and (533.39 ± 139.83) ng/L respectively; and there were statistical differences among 4 groups ( P<0.05 or <0.01). IL-37, osteoprotegerin and lipoproteina were positively correlated with coronary stenosis score ( r = 0.43, 0.42 and 0.23, P<0.05), the osteoprotegerin was positively correlated with IL-37( r = 0.73, P<0.05). The multivariate linear regression analysis result showed that the IL-37 and osteoprotegerin were independent protective factors of coronary stenosis degree( β = 0.07 and 0.07, t = 2.72 and 2.57, P<0.01 or <0.05),and lipoproteina was independent risk factor of coronary stenosis degree ( β = 0.97, t = 2.89, P<0.01). Conclusions:IL-37 and osteoprotegerin are positively correlated with the degree of coronary stenosis. They are anti-inflammatory and protective factors of coronary heart disease.

Objective To understand the status of depression symptoms and influencing factors among Vietnam returned overseas Chinese elders in Shenzhen and to provide evidence for community intervention . Methods Totals of 246 employees were selected by multi-stage random sampling and investigated by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) questionnaires.Then, we assessed the status of depression level ,society support, and activity of daily life, and analyzed their correlations .Results Among 246 employees, 116 employees (47.2%) had no depression, 85(37.5%) had light depression,and 45(18.3%) had moderate and severe depression . Different depression level was related to different ages , gender, living pattem, past occupation, income, whether experienced land expropriation, economic assessment, health assessment, family status, social support, activity of daily life, and negative life event .Conclusions Vietnam returned overseas Chinese elders with resident alone, female, source of income from others , health problems, lost land and so on should be the important subjects of intervention , and the intervention key is timely provided mental support for elders who experienced negative life event .

Objective To study the effects of binary cardiac rehabilitation (CR) composed of hospital-based and home-based CR in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) evaluated by six-minute walking distance (6MWD). Methods A total of 38 post-MI patients were divided into two groups, namely conventional CR group (n=20) and binary CR group (n=18). In the first seven days, CR training was carried out in all 38 patients in our hospital, and then 20 patients were kept at CR training in the hospital (hospital-based CR group), whereas the remaining 18 patients (binary CR group) got tele-monitored walking training at home for eight weeks (binary model). Before discharge from hospital based CR or after 8 weeks CR at home, all patients received Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing and Six-minute Walk Test, and the data of patients' body mass index (BMI),thyroid function, serum lipid metabolism and echocardiography were collected before and after CR. Results After CR, BMI and low density lipoprotein (LDL) decrease in both groups compared with those before CR[hospital-based group: BMI, (25.99±3.36)kg/m2 vs. (23.04±3.72) kg/m2,P＜0.05; LDL, (3.40±1.38) mg/dl vs. (2.04±0.73)mg/ dl,P＜0.01; binary group: BMI, (24.84±2.70) kg/m2 vs. (22.88±2.56) kg/m2,P＜0.05; LDL, (3.40±1.01) mg/dl vs. (92.11±0.37) mg/dl,P＜0.01]. After 8 weeks CR at home or hospital based CR until discharge, the anaerobic threshold (AT), maximum rate of oxygen consumption (VO2max),metabolic equivalent (MET) and 6MWD improved significantly in both groups compared with those at 7 days after CR in hospital [Hospital-based group: AT, (12.37±1.53) mL/(kg. min) vs. (14.77±1.57) mL/(kg. min); VO2max (17.87± 1.66 mL/(kg. min) vs. (20.73±2.14) mL/(kg. min); MET (5.02±0.36) vs. (6.09±0.53); 6MWD (500±53.36) m vs. (582.5±57.6) m,P＜0.01; Binary group: AT, (12.56±1.11) mL/(kg·min) vs. (14.30±1.23) mL/(kg. min); V02max, (17.28±1.38) mL/(kg. min) vs. (20.02±1.37) mL/(kg. min); MET, (5.07±0.47)vs (5.94±0.46); 6MWD,(511.4±50.96) m vs. (590.3±56.1)m,P＜0.01]. There was no significant difference in CR effects observed between two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusions In post-MI patients,a binary model of CR training improved physical capacity and was a similarly effective form of CR as a entirely hospital-based approach. A home-based tele-monitored program facilitated patients' adherence to CR. The 6 minute walk experiment is economical and good evaluation on the CR effect of binary cardiac rehabilitation.