Excellent mutilmedia courseware is the base to ensure teaching effect. Making excellent mutilmedia courseware by Director can make mutilmedia courseware more beautiful and have much more interaction and expressive force.

In order to further promote friendly cooperation with developing countries, Chinese government has been committed to increasing the intensity of cooperation and human resource development among developing countries. Healthcare is one of the key areas of China’s foreign aid. This article described the general conditions and experiences of national foreign aid training projects for developing countries undertaken by the Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and Beijing Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Institute. From aspects of participant enrollment, training program implementation, and training feedback, the training mode of national foreign aid on traditional medicine was introduced. This article focused on the selection of teachers, preparation of professional textbooks, and evaluation of teaching quality. Training programs over the years were guided by clear training concepts and accurate goal settings, which provided a useful exploration for the personnel training mode of national foreign aid on traditional medicine.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) originates from rare leukemia stem cells (LSC).Because these chemotherapy-resistant LSC are thought to underlie disease relapse,effective therapeutic strategies specifically targeting these cells may be beneficial.With the increasing knowledge regarding the LSC,several major directions in targeted therapies with regard to LSC are being investigated.These include targeting cell surface molecules,signal pathways,and microenvironment of LSC.Since eliminating LSC-should provide an efficient,potentially curative treatment option for leukemia patients,this article reviews the recent progress of LSC targeting in AML therapy.

A case of several ambushed bicuspoid supernumerary teeth in the premolar area was reported.The size,shape and the ratio of crown to root of the supernumerary teeth are similar to those of the premolar.The abnormity of tooth germ division and proliferation may lead the supernumerary teeth.

Recent researches revealed that intestinal flora contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome, espe?cially to the disorder of their targeted cardiovascular system. Blood cholesterol level is affected by the metabolism of intesti?nal flora in cholesterol and bile acid. At the same time, the blood cholesterol level is the key player in development of athero?sclerosis. This review mainly discussed the relationship between the intestinal flora dependent metabolite trimethylamine ox?ide (Trimetlylamine oxide, TMAO) and atherosclerosis.

As the passage of environmental atmosphere entering the body,the respiratory tract suffers persistent challenge from foreign substances.The mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract is the main defense line against the invasion of pathogens,which needs to distinguish not only beneficial and detrimental materials but also resident and pathogenic bacteria.Because the knowledge about respiratory mucosal immunity is limited,the immunopathologic mechanisms of related diseases such as asthma,acute lung injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and respiratory infection need investigation.The study about the immune features of the respiratory tract not only contributes to the prevention and treatment of respiratory disease but also provides ideas for the development and design of new vaccines and medicines.

Objective To observe the effects of pregnancy induced hypertension on lipid metabolism and bilirubin metabolism in term neonates.Methods 200 term neonates were selected and divided into the two groups,100 cases whose mother were healthy were control group and another 100 cases whose mother had gestational hypertension were observation group.Birth weight,measured in cord blood triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC) levels,high density lipoprotein (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein (LDL-C),adiponectin (APN) level were recorded.Results Birth weight of the observation group had significantly lower birth weight (2 927 ± 492) g,than the weight of the control group (3 452 ± 348) g.The incidence of lower birth weight was higher than in the observation group.TG,LDL-C levels of the observation group were (0.6 ± 0.24) mmol/L,(1.95 ± 0.25) mmol/L,were higher than those of the control group[(0.39 ± 0.17) mmol/L,(1.95 ± 0.25) mmol/L].There was a statistically significant difference between the groups (t =12.35,2.35,P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05).HL-C and APN of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (t =1.79,7.00,all P ＜ 0.05).Bilirubin after bomed 24 hours,48 hours,72 hours and bilirubin peak of the observation group were (8.64 ± 2.17) mg/L,(11.06 ± 3.12) mg/L,(10.32 ± 2.47) mg/L,(12.04 ± 2.13) mg/L and were higher than those of the control group [(3.06 ± 0.94) mg/L,(6.98 ± 1.56) mg/L,(7.26±1.89)mg/L,(9.64±1.98)mg/L](t=23.48,11.65,9.84,8.27,allP＜0.01).Conclusion Maternal PIH may affect birth weight,lipid metabolism and bilirubin metabolism.

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of 3D-CE MRA for nutcracker syndrome (NCS).Methods The 3D-CE MRA appearances of 4 patients of NCS and control group ( 30 persons) were analyzed.Results The left kidney vein (LKV) crossed before abdominal aorta in 4 NCS patients and 30 controls- The average angle of the origin of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) from the abdominal aorta was (84.50±3.60)° in control group,and became small (<30°) in 4 NCS patients.The distance of the origin of the SMA to the beginning of descent was (13.40±5.10) mm,and the SMA and abdominal aorta in the axial plane crossing the LKV was (16.40±5.10) mm in controls,and all decreased in 4 NCS patients whose LKV was obviously compressed.The average ratio of expansion to stenosis caliber of the LKV was 4,5 in 4 NCS patients,whereas 1.4 in the controls.Conclusion 3D-CE MRA can display relation between abdominal aorta,SMA and LKV,thus exactly diagnose the nutcracker syndrome.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play an important immunosuppressive role during the tumor development process.And the progression of many tumors are always accompanied with abnormal accumulation of MDSCs.Moreover,both the accumulation and functions of MDSCs could be affected by complicated factors.Therefore,how to effectively reduce the immunosuppressive effects of MDSCs in oncotherapy has become the focus of scholars.Recent studies show that anti-tumor drugs can affect many biological behaviors of MDSCs.

Gastrointestinal motility disorders are in high incidence in children.Due to moderate prokinetic effects,poor symptomatic responses and the presence of adverse effects,there is a clear need for new classes of prokinetics.Currently available drug classes in adult include antidopami-nergic agents,serotonergic agents,and motilin-receptor while there are less available drug classes in children.The aim of the present article is to review and address the present use of promotility drugs in the treatment of different gastrointestinal motor disorders,as well as the potential for future developments.