Objective To investigate serum metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and observe gefitinib drug sensitivity before and after transfecting MALAT1-siRNA in epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) wild-type cell line A549.Discussing the relationship between MALAT 1 and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor ( EGFR-TKI) drug resistance.Methods Serum MALAT1 was quantified by qRT-PCR in 90 cases of NSCLC, 30 cases of lung benign tumor and 30 cases of healthy people in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University during April to September in 2015.MALAT1 expression in cancer cells were detected in the cell lines A549, H1299, 95D and HCC827.The half maximal inhibitory concentration ( IC50) of gefitinib in cells before and after transfecting MALAT 1-siRNA were analyzed by cell proliferation toxicity test ( CCK).Flow cytometry technology was used to evaluate the apoptosis rates.One-way analysis of variance was statisticed between groups.Results Serum MALAT1 expression was increased in NSCLC compared with healthy control group ( NSCLC =1.88 ±2.51, Healthy control group =1, t=3.347, P<0.01).MALAT1 was over expressed in the EGFR wild-type cell lines compared with the EGFR mutant cell lines(HCC827=1, A549=4.44 ±1.05, 95D=3.55 ±0.63,H1299 =1.44 ±0.05).The IC50 value of gefitinib was declined 32.1% by silencing MALAT1.The results of flow cytometry showed an increasing apoptosis rate after silencing MALAT1 in A549 cells[NC=(9.20 ±1.85 )%, M=(10.24 ±3.43)%, NC+G=( 14.57 ±0.41 )%, M +G =( 21.48 ±2.47 )%].Conclusions Serum MALAT1 reflected the progression of NSCLC.Silencing MALAT1 resulted in enhancement in sensitivity to gefitinib in A549 cell line.It prompted the partly reversal of gefitinib resistance by MALAT1.

Objective To discuss the relationship between antibiotic prophylaxis and surgical site infection(SSI) in colorectal cancer.Methods A survey of 880 patients with colorectal cancer from Jan.1998 to Dec.2008 were studied.Patients were divided into two groups by antibiotic duration: ≥24 h group(n=401) and 0.05).Conclusion Longer operation time,more blood loss and longer bleeding time are the risk factors of surgical site infection.Moreover prolonged antibiotic prophylaxis can not decrease the incidence of SSI.

BACKGROUND:In recent years, cel transplantation therapy is widely used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease with satisfactory outcomes. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the proliferation and differentiation of transplanted neural stem cel s in Parkinson’s disease rats, thereby providing a new theoretical basis for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. METHODS:Neural stem cel s from the brain tissues of rats were isolated and cultured in vitro using col agenase digestion method. Unilateral rat model of Parkinson’s disease was made by 6-hydroxydopamine method, and the successful rat models were divided into model group and cel transplantation group, with seven rats in each group. The rats in the model group were given 4 mL normal saline at the damaged striatum, and those in the cel transplantation group were injected 5μL green fluorescent protein-labeled neural stem cel s (1×109/L) into the damaged striatum. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After cel transplantation, the positive area of tyrosine hydroxylase was significantly lower in the cel transplantation group than the model group. Compared with the model group, the expression level of Ptx3 mRNA was significantly higher in the cel transplantation group at 7, 14, 28 days after cel transplantation and the expression of SHH mRNA was significantly higher in the cel transplantation group at 14 and 28 days after cel transplantation. However, there was no difference in the expression of Nurrl mRNA between the two groups. These findings indicate that neural stem cel s injected into the damaged striatum of rats can differentiate into dopaminergic neurons, which bring a breakthrough in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

Objective To investigate the effects of soybean isoflavones on cognition and expression of NMDA receptor (NR2B) subtype in hippocampus in Alzheimer's disease (AD) rats induced by amyloid ?-peptide 25-35(A? 25-35).Methods 60 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: model group, low dose of soybean isoflavone treatment group, high dose of soybean isoflavone treatment group, estrogen group and control group. AD models were made by injection A? 25-35 into bilateral hippocampus and normal saline was used in control group. Different dose of soybean isoflavone and estrogen were administered in soybean isoflavone treatment groups and estrogen treatment group for 18 d, respectively. The praxiology of rats was assessed by Morris water maze and the expression of NR2B in hippocampus was detected by immunohistochemistry method.Results Compared with control group,the learning and memory ability of model group obviously damaged and the expression of NR2B in hippocampus decreased (all P

Objective To observe the electrophysiological and morphological features of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in rats, and investigate its effect on the visual signal conduction. Methods Whole cell recordings were obtained from 112 RGCs of 30 rats at the age of 7-30 days. Resting membrane potential (RMP) was recorded, and input impedance was noted after given 2 mV hyperpolarizing current by voltage clamp. The action potential (AP) was induced by deplorizing current at different densities. The histological staining was actualized by injecting with biotin into the RGCs, and the diameter of the cells was measured. Results Three different discharge patterns of RGCs in response to maintained depolarizing currents were recorded: single spike (25 RGCs), transient firing (40 RGCs), and sustained firing (47 RGCs). The diameter was 14-16 ?m in 57.14% transient firing RGCs, and 10-12 ?m in 62.50% sustained firing RGCs. The maximum frequency of AP of sustained firing RGCs was significantly higher than that of transient firing RGCs (P

With the continuous improvement of endoscopic technology and equipment,minimally invasive treatment of bile duct stones be-comes increasingly diversified.In this paper,the concept of minimally invasive treatment of bile duct stones,surgical indications and contra-indications,surgical methods,and the advantages and disadvantages of surgical methods are introduced.It is shown that the application of laparoscope has laid the foundation for the minimally invasive treatment of bile duct stones,and the combined application of choledochoscope and endoscope has brought new ideas for minimally invasive treatment of bile duct stones.The combination of three endoscopes avoids the disadvantages of traditional open surgery:large trauma and long operation time,and reduces the patient′s pain and complications.In the near future,the combination of three endoscopes still has much room for growth.As long as the indications for several surgeries are mastered and the safety and efficacy are evaluated objectively,the combination of three endoscopes will play the biggest role.

Objective To observe effects of electro-acupuncture on the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in constipation-predominant IBS rats,and to discuss the mechanism of IBS's acupuncture treatment.Methods To set WISTAR adult rats as the object and to establish models of irritable bowel syndrome rats.The experiment rats were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a EA Shangjuxu group and a EA Dachangshu group.The Shangjuxu group and Dachangshu group were bounded and given EA,once daily,for a total of seven times.Model group was bounded but not treatedwith EA,the normal group was done nothing.After the treatment,5ml of inferior vena blood was got inanesthesia state.The value of plasma CGRP and SP in rats' plasma were measued with Elisa.Results Compared with the normal control group,CGRP and SP content[(52.62± 15.05)pg/ml,(27.10±5.03) pg/ml] in IBS model group was obviously increased,the difference was statistically significant (P＜ 0.01,P＜ 0.01) ; the changes of plasma CGRP content [(37.82± 15.34)pg/ml,(38.93± 12.05)pg/ml] and SP content[(19.62± 5.68) pg/ml,(18.90± 5.07)pg/ml] were not obvious in EA Shangjuxu group and EA Dachangshu group (P＞0.05,P＞0.05).Compared with IBS model group,the content of plasma CGRP and SP was significantly descend in EA Shangjuxu group and EA Dachangshu group (P＜0.05,P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.01).The concentration of CGRP and SP in EA Shangjuxu group and EA Dachangshu group had no significant difference(P＞0.05,P＞0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture could treat IBS through regulating CGRP and SP in IBS rats.

Objective To investigate the technical skill of hand-assisted gasless laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for patients with transitional cell carcinoma in renal pelvis. Methods 4 patients underwent hand-assisted gasless laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for transitional cell carcinoma in renal pelvis with homemade gasless laparoscopic device from July to November 2001. Results The average operative time was 170 minutes, and the average blood lose was 195 ml. No analgesic was prescribed postoperatively. The interval to resume normal oral intake 2 8 days. All patients had been followed up for 1 to 4 months, there was no tumor recurrence in bladder. Conclusions Hand-assisted gasless laparoscopic nephroureterectomy has the advantages of easy to learn, safer and faster to operate, less blood loss, less interference to cardiopulmonary system, as well as quicker postoperative recovery.

Objective To compare the value of ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF)method in diagnosis for autoim-mune diseases.Methods A total of 33 patients in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)group,59 patients in other autoimmune dis-eases group,43 patients in non-autoimmune disease group,20 people accepted physical examination in control group.The antinuclear antibody (ANA)in each group were detected by two methods and analyzed.Results The high titer ANA detected by ELISA and IIF in SLE group and other autoimmune diseases group were (2.621±1.700),(2.248±1.781);(2.71 5±0.730),(2.544±0.59). The titer ANA detected by ELISA in non-autoimmune disease group was (1.034±1.050),which was lower than(2.253 ±0.691) detected by IIF.Conclusion ELSA might improve the detection effects of ANA antibody.

BACKGROUND:With the development of atlantoaxial morphology, applied anatomy and biomechanics, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of atlantoaxial instability have attracted more and more attention. However, the development of effective fixation for atlantoaxial instability is relatively late, so scholars al over the world have made numerous studies. OBJECTIVE:To compare biomechanical functions of different fixations through atlantoaxial posterior approach, and to assess its stability. METHODS:We retrieved recent studies on comparative biomechanical evaluation and its primary clinical application of different posterior approaches in repair of atlantoaxial instability, and conducted a retrospective analysis by measuring the three-dimensional range of movement in normal atlantoaxial complex and atlantoaxial instability models. This analysis evaluated the stability of different fixations under normal three-dimensional atlantoaxial movement, and provided a biomechanical basis for reasonable fixator selection.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Atlantoaxial posterior fixation included Gal ie wire fixation, Brooks fixation, Apofix and Halifax vertebral plate hook fixation, screw fixation through joint and atlantoaxial pedicle nail/rod fixation. Gal ie technique contributes to the reduction of anterior semiluxation, but its mechanical stability is poor. Brooks technique has strong rotation and stretch forces. Apofix and Halifix vertebral plate hook device provides strong anti-rotation and anti-antelocation strength, and is more stable than Gal ie technique in mechanics. The biomechanics of screw fixation through joint was better than wire technique and Halifax. The screw fixation avoids occipitocervical fusion, and has a high requirement to instal ation. When an internal fixator was selected, immediate cervical vertebra stability should be provided to protect spinal cord functions. Upper neck functions should be maintained to reach reduction and maintenance of occipital bone, atlas and axis. A suitable fixation method should be selected for each patient.