Object To study the effects of SINI TANG (SNT) on the rat aortic rings pre-contracted by high K + and phenylephrine (Phe). Methods The effects of SNT on the aortic rings in the presence of 60 mmol/L KCl and Phe (1?10 -9 -1?10 -4 mmol/L) were observed and t heir me chanisms were studied after treatment with Propranolol (Pro, 3?10 -6 mmol/ L) and Bay K8644 (BK, 1?10 -5 mmol/L) as tool drugs. Results SNT inhibited the contraction induced by cumulative Phe and decreased the maximum tension (T max ); Pro couldn't influe nce the effects of SNT. SNT attenuated the amplitude of contractile effect of hi gh K +; BK couldn't reverse the effects of SNT. Conclusion SNT can shift the dose-response curve to the right and decrease the T max . It shows that SNT is a kind of noncompe titive antagonism. SNT decreases the effect of high K + against contraction of the artery. BK, a L-type Ca 2+ channels activator, couldn't recover the inhibition induced by SNT. The results suggest that SNT inhibit ? 1 recep tor, while calcium channel may not be involved in attenuating the effect of SNT on high K +-induced contraction.

The ampC ?-lactamases gene in Escherichia coli(E.coli) is different from other Gram-negative bacteria.E.coli contains a chromosomal ampC gene which has a weak promoter as well as a transcriptional attenuator.The promoter of the ampC gene in E.coli is part of the preceding frd operon,the attenuator of the ampC gene is a transcription terminator for the frd operon.The ampC regulatory gene,ampR,is absent.Strains carrying the wild-type gene produce a low basal amount of AmpC.Studies on the molecular basis of AmpC overproduction in E.coli have shown that some hyperproducers contain mutation in the promoter region and/or attenautor and/or ampC-coding region of ampC,while others contain more than one copy of ampC.Acquisition of a stronger promoter or insertion of an insertion element containing promoter sequences or regulatory gene ampR has also been proposed as the molecular basis of hyperproduction of AmpC in some E.coli strains.Plasmid-mediated AmpC ?-lactamases have been discovered frequently in E.coli strains.This is another reason for hyperproduction of AmpC ?-lactamases.

This paper expounds the relation between the quality of the blood-pressure meter and the quality of the medical treatment.The good quality of the blood-pressure meter is the basic quality insurance for the medical treatment system.This paper also introduces the method of quality check for the blood-pressure meter and the troubleshooting.

Although quinolone resistance results mostly from chromosomal mutations in Enterobacteriaceae,it may also be mediated by plasmid-encoded Qnr determinants.Qnr proteins protect DNA from quinolone action and compromise the effect of quinolones,such as nalidixic acid.Qnr proteins including QnrA,QnrB and QnrS,have been identified worldwide with a quite high prevalence among Asian isolates with a frequent association with clavulanic acid-inhibited expanded-spectrum b-lactamases and plasmid-mediated cephalosporinases.The QnrA genes are embedded in complex sul1-type integrons.A close relative and likely progenitor of the QnrA have been found in the water-borne species Shewanella algae.It may help to determine the location of in vivo transfer of the QnrA genes.Further analyses of the role of quinolones,if any,in enhancing this gene transfer may prevent the spreading of the drug resistance and possibly lead to the finding of a novel mechanism of antibiotic resistance.

Objective To establish multiple‐locus variable‐number tandem repeat assay(MLVA) genotyping database for clinical isolates of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in Kunming area and analyse the prevalence status of MRSA in hos‐pital ,through establishing a classification method for MRSA by homology MLVA which was appropriate to routine application in clinical laboratory .Methods A total of 111 strains of MRSA isolated by the Clinical Microbiology Chamber of the First People′s Hospital of Kunming City from October 2010 to December 2013 were collected .The polymerase chain reaction(PCR) amplification and electrophoresis for analysis of PCR products were carried out for the seven sites of variable number tandem repeats(VNTR) , classification of strain based on genotypes was carried out ,as well .Results The sequencing results of VNTR09‐01 site showed 9 bp repetitive sequence elements whose regularity was not strong ,and the repetitive elements was mutable .The 111 isolates were divid‐ed into 25 kinds of genotypes(A -Y) ,among which genotype G ,A and B were the main types ,accounted for 47 .7% ,13 .5% and 8 .1% respectively .Conclusion MLVA could be generally applied in the seven sites of VNTR in this study .Some departments might exit concentrated epidemic of homologous MRSA strains ,which is worthy of being paid more attention .

The morbidity of pancreatic duct calculus is increasing every year in China. Currently the main therapeutic methods include non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment. Non-surgical treatments contain endoscopic calculus extracting and / or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Surgical treatment has two categories: drainage of the pancreatic duct decompression and pancreatectomy. Concrete treatment or surgical options should follow the strategy of individual.

Objective To compare the effect of Gegensu Injection and Chinese Traditional Medicine on Chronic Renal Failure.Methods 70 cases of Chronic Renal Failure were selected as group A, treated by Gegensu Injection; During the same term,60 cases of Chronic Renal Failure were selected as group B, treated by Chinese Traditional Medicine and Chinese Traditional Medicine Clyster. The effect of two methods were valued by analyzing the numeral value of Scr and BUN in two groups . Results 1.Significant effective rate is 8.57, effective rate 41.42, ineffective rate 50, total effective rate 50 in group A; 23.33, 41.67, 35, 65 in group B. 2. After treatment, the numeral value of Scr and BUN in group A had significant difference (P

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for dissolution determination of Erythromycin ethylsuccinate granules.METHODS:Paddle method was adopted and 0.1 mol?L-1 HCl solution was used as dissolution medium at rotation rate of 50 r?min-1.UV spectrophotometry was used to detect at wavelength of 482 nm.Dissolution rate was calculated.RESULTS:The linear range of erythromycin ethylsuccinate were 4～40 mg?L-1(r=0.999 0,n=5)with an average recovery of 99.19%(RSD=0.56%).Dissolution rate of erythromycin ethylsuccinate was more than 80% within 30 min.CONCLUSION:The method is rapid,simple and accurate for the quality control of Erythromycin ethylsuccinate granules.

Neurolytic celiac plexus block (NCPB) is an effective method used to alleviate upper abdominal pain or back pain caused by pancreatic cancer and other malignancies. NCPB can relieve cancer pain to improve the quality of life and cause fewer side effects than conventional analgesic drugs. This article systemically reviewed NCPB methodology and research progress in clinical appli-cations.

Adjuvant analgesics refer to a group of drugs that are used not only to treat certain diseases but also to induce analge-sia. Such drugs demonstrate different mechanisms based on the complexity of cancer pain. Thus, opioids, nonsteroidal drugs, and adju-vant analgesics are often combined to control cancer pain. According to the WHO three-step analgesic ladder, adjuvant analgesics can be used at any cancer stage, and the usage of these drugs combined with opioids can reduce the required dosages of these pain relievers, thereby alleviating the adverse reactions associated with opioid use. Moreover, these drugs are particularly suitable for neuropathic pain patients who are not fully sensitive to opioids. The commonly used adjuvant analgesics include antidepressants, anticonvulsants, local administration drugs, corticosteroids, and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. Various adjuvant analgesics also differ in usage and dosage based on primary disease treatment. Therefore, clinical doctors should determine the adverse reactions, proper dos-age, and subsequent amount of dosage to be added in a few days or weeks to achieve balance between the desired effect and adverse re-actions.