The expert consensus on the clinical treatment of herpes zoster with fire needling was developed, and the commonly used fire needling treatment scheme verified by clinical research was selected to form a standardized diagnosis and treatment scheme for acute herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), so as to answer the core problems in clinical application. The consensus focuses on patients with herpes zoster, and forms recommendations for 9 key clinical issues, covering simple fire needling and TCM comprehensive therapy based on fire needling, including fire needling combined with cupping, fire needling combined with Chinese herb, fire needling combined with cupping and Chinese herb, fire needling combined with filiform needling, fire needling combined with moxibustion, and provides specific recommendations and operational guidelines for various therapies.
Humans ; Herpes Zoster/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy/instrumentation* ; Consensus ; Clinical Protocols

To elucidate the mechanism by which steaming affects the quality of Curcuma kwangsiensis root tubers, methods such as LSCM, RVA, dual-wavelength spectrophotometry, LF-NMR, and LC-MS were employed to qualitatively and quantitatively detect changes in starch gelatinization characteristics, water distribution, and material composition of C. kwangsiensis root tubers under different steaming durations. Based on multivariate statistical analysis, the correlation between differences in gelatinization parameters, water distribution, and terpenoid material composition was investigated. The results indicate that steaming affects both starch gelatinization and water distribution in C. kwangsiensis. During the steaming process, transformations occur between amylose and amylopectin, as well as between semi-bound water and free water. After 60 min of steaming, starch gelatinization and water distribution reached an equilibrium state. The content of amylopectin, the amylose-to-amylopectin ratio, and parameters such as gelatinization temperature, viscosity, breakdown value, and setback value were significantly correlated(P≤0.05). Additionally, the amylose-to-amylopectin ratio was significantly correlated with total free water and total water content(P≤0.05). Steaming induced differences in the material composition of C. kwangsiensis root tubers. Clustering of primary metabolites in the OPLS-DA model was distinct, while secondary metabolites were classified into 9 clusters using the K-means clustering algorithm. Differential terpenoid metabolites such as(-)-α-curcumene were significantly correlated with zerumbone, retinal, and all-trans-retinoic acid(P<0.05). Curcumenol was significantly correlated with isoalantolactone and ursolic acid(P<0.05), while all-trans-retinoic acid was significantly correlated with both zerumbone and retinal(P<0.05). Alpha-tocotrienol exhibited a significant correlation with retinal and all-trans-retinoic acid(P<0.05). Amylose was extremely significantly correlated with(-)-α-curcumene, curcumenol, zerumbone, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid, and α-tocotrienol(P<0.05). Amylopectin was significantly correlated with zerumbone(P<0.05) and extremely significantly correlated with(-)-α-curcumene, curcumenol, zerumbone, retinal, all-trans-retinoic acid, and 9-cis-retinoic acid(P<0.01). The results provide scientific evidence for elucidating the mechanism of quality formation of steamed C. kwangsiensis root tubers as a medicinal material.
Curcuma/chemistry* ; Starch/chemistry* ; Multivariate Analysis ; Water/chemistry* ; Terpenes/analysis* ; Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Plant Tubers/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the potential effects and mechanisms of Liang-Ge-San (LGS) for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) through network pharmacology analysis and to verify LGS activity through biological experiments. METHODS: The key ingredients of LGS and related targets were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. ARDS-related targets were selected from GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed using the Metascape Database. Molecular docking analysis was used to confirm the binding affinity of the core compounds with key therapeutic targets. Finally, the effects of LGS on key signaling pathways and biological processes were determined by in vitro and in vivo experiments. RESULTS: A total of LGS-related targets and 496 ARDS-related targets were obtained from the databases. Network pharmacological analysis suggested that LGS could treat ARDS based on the following information: LGS ingredients luteolin, wogonin, and baicalein may be potential candidate agents. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), recombinant V-Rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (RELA), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) may be potential therapeutic targets. Reactive oxygen species metabolic process and the apoptotic signaling pathway were the main biological processes. The p38MAPK/NF-κ B signaling pathway might be the key signaling pathway activated by LGS against ARDS. Moreover, molecular docking demonstrated that luteolin, wogonin, and baicalein had a good binding affinity with MAPK14, RELA, and TNF α. In vitro experiments, LGS inhibited the expression and entry of p38 and p65 into the nucleation in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE) cells induced by LPS, inhibited the inflammatory response and oxidative stress response, and inhibited HBE cell apoptosis (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In vivo experiments, LGS improved lung injury caused by ligation and puncture, reduced inflammatory responses, and inhibited the activation of p38MAPK and p65 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION LGS could reduce reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cytokine production by inhibiting p38MAPK/NF-κ B signaling pathway, thus reducing apoptosis and attenuating ARDS.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/enzymology* ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism* ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Animals ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Humans ; Male ; Network Pharmacology ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Mice

Periodontal bone defects, primarily caused by periodontitis, are highly prevalent in clinical settings and manifest as bone fenestration, dehiscence, or attachment loss, presenting a significant challenge to oral health. In regenerative medicine, harnessing developmental principles for tissue repair offers promising therapeutic potential. Of particular interest is the condensation of progenitor cells, an essential event in organogenesis that has inspired clinically effective cell aggregation approaches in dental regeneration. However, the precise cellular coordination mechanisms during condensation and regeneration remain elusive. Here, taking the tooth as a model organ, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to dissect the cellular composition and heterogeneity of human dental follicle and dental papilla, revealing a distinct Platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) population with remarkable odontogenic potential. Interestingly, a reciprocal paracrine interaction between PDGFRA⁺ dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and CD31⁺ Endomucin⁺ endothelial cells (ECs) was mediated by Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and Platelet-derived growth factor subunit BB (PDGFBB). This crosstalk not only maintains the functionality of PDGFRA⁺ DFSCs but also drives specialized angiogenesis. In vivo periodontal bone regeneration experiments further reveal that communication between PDGFRA⁺ DFSC aggregates and recipient ECs is essential for effective angiogenic-osteogenic coupling and rapid tissue repair. Collectively, our results unravel the importance of MSC-EC crosstalk mediated by the VEGFA and PDGFBB-PDGFRA reciprocal signaling in orchestrating angiogenesis and osteogenesis. These findings not only establish a framework for deciphering and promoting periodontal bone regeneration in potential clinical applications but also offer insights for future therapeutic strategies in dental or broader regenerative medicine.
Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha/metabolism* ; Humans ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology* ; Dental Sac/cytology* ; Single-Cell Analysis ; Transcriptome ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Bone Regeneration ; Animals ; Dental Papilla/cytology* ; Periodontium/physiology* ; Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Regeneration ; Angiogenesis

The key pathogenesis of coronary heart disease （CHD） is spleen deficiency and phlegm stasis， and dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein （dys-HDL） may be the biological basis for the occurrence of CHD due to spleen deficiency and phlegm stasis. Considering the biological properties and effects of high-density lipoprotein （HDL）， it is believed that the structure and components of HDL are abnormal in the state of spleen deficiency which led to dys-HDL； and dys-HDL contributes to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques through two major pathways， namely， mediating the dysfunction of endothelial cells and mediating the foaminess of macrophages and smooth muscle cells， thus triggering the development of CHD. It is also believed that dys-HDL is a microcosmic manifestation and a pathological product of spleen deficiency， and spleen deficiency makes foundation for the production of dys-HDL； dys-HDL is also an important biological basis for the phlegm-stasis interactions in CHD. The method of fortifying spleen， resolving phlegm， and dispelling stasis， is proposed as an important principle in the treatment of CHD by traditional Chinese medicine， which can achieve the therapeutic purpose by affecting the changes in the structure and components of dys-HDL， thus revealing the scientific connotation of this method， and providing ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CHD by traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which fragile X mental retardation protein(FMRP)regulates ferroptosis evasion in colorectal cancer(CRC)cells.Methods We examined FMRP expression levels in CRC cell lines using RT-qPCR and Western blotting and analyzed the biological functions and signaling pathways involved in FMRP-mediated regulation of CRC progression using the TCGA database.A lentiviral FMRP overexpression vector(Lv-FMRP)and 3 knockdown vectors(siFMRP-1,siFMRP-2,and siFMRP-3)were constructed,and their effects on proliferation of HCT116 cells were examined using CCK8 assay and plate clone formation assay;the changes in cell ferroptosis level was determined using MDA/ROS/GSH/Fe2+kits,mitochondrial membrane potential changes were detected using JC-1 fluorescence staining,and the expressions of proteins associated with ferroptosis and the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway were detected using Western blotting.The subcutaneous tumorigenic potential of the transfected cells was evaluated in nude mice.Results Compared with normal colonic mucosal epithelial NCM460 cells,the CRC cell lines had significantly higher FMRP expression level.Bioinformatics analysis suggested the involvement of FMRP in regulation of reactive oxygen,oxidative stress-induced cell death,mitochondrial respiration,and glutathione metabolism pathways.In the cell experiments,FMRP knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation of HCT116 cells,lowered cellular GSH content,increased MDA and ROS levels,Fe2+fluorescence intensity,and mitochondrial membrane potential,and decreased SLC7A11/GPX4 protein expressions and the phosphorylation levels of ERK,MEK,MAPK,and RAS proteins;FMRP overexpression resulted in the opposite changes in the cells.In the tumor-bearing nude mice,HCT116 cells with FMRP knockdown showed attenuated tumorigenic potential with lowered xenograft growth rate and reduced SLC7A11 expression in the xenograft.Conclusion The high expression of FMRP inhibits ferroptosis in CRC cells and promotes progression of CRC by activating the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND:Ligaments are important structures in maintaining the stability of the lumbar spine,and these structures are prone to degradation due to the generated mechanical stress.However,there are few studies on ligament injuries. OBJECTIVE:To determine the range of motion and stress of each ligament in the state of motion based on a three-dimensional finite element model,and to systematically explore the influence of ligament injury on the stability of the lumbar spine and its biomechanical significance. METHODS:The L4-L5 lumbar finite element model was established.All free forces on the lower surface of L5 were constrained,and a torque of 5 N·m was applied to simulate the motion states of the lumbar spine.Progressive ligament damage was simulated by changing Young's modulus of the ligament. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The extension range of motion of most ligament injuries increased significantly.In contrast,there was no significant change in the lateral bending range of motion.(2)The range of motion of capsular ligament injury increased significantly in flexion,extension and lateral bending.The extension range of motion increased significantly after the anterior longitudinal ligament injury.Intertransverse ligament injury resulted in a significant increase in the lateral bending range of motion.(3)After a single ligament injury,the most significant change in range of motion was observed during extension.After a single ligament injury,the stress of the remaining ligaments increased,especially the capsular ligament.The stress changes of the interspinous ligament and ligamentum flavum were the least obvious.Ligament stress changes least in lateral bending and most in torsion.(4)Ligament damage did not result in major changes in disc pressure,indicating that ligament injury leads to an increased range of motion of the lumbar spine and affects the stability of the lumbar spine.(5)Capsular ligament was stable in flexion,extension and lateral bending.The anterior longitudinal ligament showed a stable extension;the intertransverse ligament stabilizes the lateral curve.(6)Extension exercise is sensitive to a ligament injury,and the pathological changes of the ligament can be examined by extension exercise.(7)Stress compensation was given to the remaining ligaments to maintain the stability of the lumbar spine after a single ligament injury.(8)Interspinous ligament and ligamentum flavum injuries have the least impact on the peripheral ligaments,while capsular ligament injuries have the greatest impact on the peripheral ligaments.(9)The ligament injury has the least effect on the residual ligament stress during lateral bending exercise,while it has the greatest effect on the ligament stress during the twisting exercise.Patients with ligament injury should avoid twisting exercises.Ligament injuries do not affect disc pressure.

BACKGROUND:Ligaments are an important structure for stabilizing the lumbar spine,and they are prone to degenerative changes with age.Currently,there is limited research on lumbar ligaments. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of different combinations of ligament injuries on biomechanical characteristics of lumbar spine under four motion states of forward bending,backward extension,lateral bending,and torsion under a certain sequence of ligament injuries. METHODS:A finite element model of the L4-L5 segment of the lumbar spine was established,and corresponding moments were applied to simulate four motion states of forward bending,backward extension,lateral bending,and torsion.The combined injuries of the ligaments were performed in order to obtain the motion range of each vertebra and the stress of each ligament. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Every time a ligament was removed,the remaining ligament stress would increase.Under all four working conditions,capsular ligament would experience the highest stress,especially during forward bending.With the removal of ligaments,the range of motion of the vertebrae was also continuously increasing.(2)When flexing forward,after removing the first ligament capsular ligament,the average stress change in the remaining ligament was the highest,followed by the removal of supraspinous ligament.After removing capsular ligament,the change rate of range of motion was the highest,while after removing posterior longitudinal ligament,the change rate of range of motion was the lowest.(3)When extending backward,all ligaments had the highest rate of stress change after removing capsular ligament,the highest rate of range of motion change after removing capsular ligament,and the lowest rate of range of motion change after removing posterior longitudinal ligament.(4)When bending,the stress change rate of interspinous ligament decreased after removing intertransverse ligament,while supraspinous ligament increased more.After removing capsular ligament and interspinous ligament,the range of motion change rate increased significantly.(5)During lateral bending,after removing capsular ligament,the stress change rate of the remaining ligament was much higher than that of other ligament damage combinations,and the range of motion change rate was the highest after removing capsular ligament.In other cases,the range of motion change rate did not exceed 8%.(6)If the root ligament is damaged,the remaining ligaments will undergo stress compensation.Ligament damage will affect the stability of the lumbar spine,with minimal impact in cases of lateral curvature.Patients with lumbar instability should avoid forward flexion and backward extension movements,which can make it easier to detect the pathological condition of the ligaments.(7)Capsular ligament is an important structure for maintaining lumbar stability,and supraspinous ligament plays a significant role in anterior flexion,maintaining the integrity of the entire lumbar ligament.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of closed-loop rehabilitation therapy by brain-computer interface(BCI)combined with exoskeleton robotic hand in patients with hand dysfunction after cerebral infarction and analyze the influence of patients'cognitive function and implicit motor imagery ability on the recognition rate of BCI.Methods A total of 50 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly assigned to the observation group and the control group,25 patients in each group.Both groups received routine rehabilitation programs.In addition to the conventional rehabilitation treatment,the observation group received the closed-loop BCI rehabilitation trainingby brain-computer interface(BCI)combined with exoskeleton robotic hand.The scores of Fugl-Meyer Assessment of the Upper Extremity(FMA-UE),Action Research Arm Test(ARAT),Wolf Motor Function Test(WMFT),and Modified Ashworth scale(MAS)of the wrist flexors were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Before intervention,the mental rotation test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)were used to assess the baseline implicit motor imagery ability and cognitive level of patients in the observation group.The correlation analysis between these scores and the recognition rate of BCI was conducted to analyze the relevant factors affecting the closed-loop rehabilitation effects of BCI.Results The two groups showed no significant difference in all outcomes before treatment(both P>0.05).After intervention,the observation group exhibited the significantly higher scores of FMA-UE,ARAT,and WMFT(all P<0.05),and significantly lower MAS scores of wrist and finger flexors compared with the control group(all P<0.05).In addition,the recognition rate of BCI was positively correlated with the accuracy of mental rotation test and MoCA score(P<0.05),and negatively corre-lated with the reaction time of mental rotation test(P<0.05).Conclusions Closed-loop rehabilitation training with BCI combined with exoskeleton robot hand can promote the recovery of upper limbs and hand motor function in patients with cerebral infarction.Additionally,the implicit motor imagery ability and cognitive function of patients are suggested to be used for screening the patients suitable for BCI training before the implementation of BCI treatment.