AIM: To investigate the effect of different types of flavonoids, galangin (flavonol), hesperetin (flavonone) and hydroxysafflor yellow A (HYSA, chalcone), on cardiomyocytic injury induced by H2O2, and explore the possible signal pathways involved. METHODS: The cytotoxicity of different flavonoids was determined by MTT assay. Apoptosis rate was determined by flow cytometry (FCM) and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Immunohistochemistry was used for detection of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein. RESULTS: It showed that each flavonoid did not have noticeable cytotoxicity at a concentration of 5 ?mol/L by MTT assay. Flavonoids at concentrations of 5, 15 and 30 ?mol/L significantly increased cell viability compared to model group induced by H2O2 (100 ?mol/L). Flavonoids also increased apoptosis rate and neorobiosis rate determined by FCM compared to model group. Galangin and hesperetin significantly decreased the apoptotic rate determined by TUNEL and the expression of Caspase-3 and increased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax (P

Objective To analyze the clinical management of women with atypital squamous cells(ASC).Methods During Sep 2003 to Sep 2008,a totle of 956 women in our department were diagnosed with ASC by cytological test,they were further biopsied under the colposcope.The result of TCT,colposcopic test,biopsy and the highrisk factor were recorded and analysed;the based the biopsy were analyzed by the X~2-test;the high-risk factors and the odds Ratio(OR) were counted by SPSS10.0.Results Among the women with ASC,the rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN) diagnosed by the biopsy under the colposcope was 50.7% ,the rate of the high-grade lesion over CINII Was 13.3% ;if the colposcopic test were low-grade lesion,the rate of the cases which biopsys were the highgrade lesion over CINII,was 8.3% ;the high-risk factors which caused the cervical high-grade lesion were the number of sex-partners over 3,the age less than 20 yearold when the sex were made,the cervical erosion,the result of TCT with ASC-H.Conclusion Among the women with ASC,the biopsy shows multiformity;the rate of CIN and the highgrade lesion is also high;if TCT is ASC,the colposcopie test is advised;if the woman who has the high-risk factors,biopsy is advised.

ObjectivesTo discuss the value of the three kinds of surgical management to treat high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. MethodsThe study was conducted on 136 patients who underwent LEEP、CKC 、hysterectomy ,to compare the change of the postoperative biopsy result,the rate of cure and pregnancy. ResultAmong the postoperative biopsy result,66. 4% was consitent with pretreating histopathology,but 3.6% was upgrade,30.0% was downgrade; there were no statistical difference in the rate of cure of the three kinds of surgical management and in the rate of pregnancy of the two kinds of conization. ConclusionThe three kinds of surgical management to treat high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were effective,while LEEP was the best way.

Anthracyclines, which include doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin, and aclarubicin, are widely used chemotherapeu-tic agents for treating hematologic and solid tumors, such as acute leukemia, lymphoma, breast cancer, gastric cancer, soft tissue sarco-mas, and ovarian cancer. Anthracyclines can be combined with other chemotherapeutics and molecular targeted drugs for cancer treat-ment. The combination of anthracyclines with other chemotherapeutic drugs is usually the standard of first-line treatment. Anthracy-clines are efficacious and potent agents with broad antitumor effects. However, these drugs may cause adverse reactions, such as hair loss, myelotoxicity, and cardiotoxicity. Hematopoietic stimulating factors, such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, erythropoietin, and thrombopoietin, can be used to control myelotoxicity. However, cardiotoxicity is the most serious anthracycline side effect. Clinical study results and practical observations indicate that the anthracycline cardiotoxicity is usually progressive and irreversible, especially after the first use of the drug, which may particularly cause heart damage. Therefore, the early detection and prevention of anthracy-cline-induced cardiotoxicity are important and have already gained considerable attention in clinical applications. Relevant experts from the China Society of Clinical Oncology and Hematology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association prepared the guidelines for the pre-vention and cure of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in 2013. The authors reviewed the effective drugs currently used to prevent and cure anthracycline cardiotoxicity.

The five volumes of Annals of National Medicine in Yunnan contain more than 1040 kinds of ethnic medicines and national medicines experiene that are commonly used by 25 minority nationalities in Yunnan.Among them,there are 147 species of toxic drugs,including five with fatal toxicity,14 with strong toxicity,57 with toxicity,and 71 with mild toxicity.In order to guarantee the validity and safety of national drug use,Yunnan Institute of Materia Medica applied modern science and technology to study the safety,efficacy and pharmacognosy of 30 kinds of commonly used toxic folk drugs contained in Annals of National Medicine in Yunnan.This paper chooses five typical national medicinal herbs Stephania delavayi,Euphorbia neriifolia,Alocasia cucullata,Achillea wilsoniana and Chamaenerion angustifolium,and summarizes their national medicinal and toxicity experience.The results of acute toxicity test showed that the five national medicinal herbs are toxic.The pharmacodynamic experiments showed that S.delavayi has analgesic action,E.neriifolia has anti-inflammatory action,A.cucullata has analgesic and antitussive effects,Ach.wilsoniana has analgesic effect,and C.angustifolium has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of iterative metal artifact reduction (IMAR) on metal artifacts reduction in thorax scan.Methods Thoracic phantom with two pedicle screws implanted in both sides of the T5 vertebrae was used,with the scan parameters of 130 kV and CARE Dose 4D,the phantom was scanned with and without the screws respectively.Images without screws were reconstructed with FBP.Images with screws were reconstructed with FBP and IMAR respectively.Three ROIs were selected on tissues including aorta,pulmonary and paravertebral soft tissue on image slice adjacent to the screws.The CT value and standard deviations (noise) of ROIs were measured,and the deviation of CT value (△HU) was calculated as the difference between CT values in images with and without screws.Twenty-six cases who received chest CT examination and with pedicle screw implant in scanning range were collected.The scanning parameters and image reconstruction methods were the same as phantom scan.The CT value (HU) of metal artifacts adjacent to vertebrae and dorsal soft tissue was measured,and the image quality of reconstructed image by two skilled radiologists independently was evaluated.Results In the phantom after implanted screws,the noise were significantly reduced by IMAR compared to FBP in all the three ROIs of aorta,pulmonary and paravertebral soft tissue (P＜0.05),and the △HU was significantly smaller in IMAR compared to that with FBP (P＜0.01).In 26 patients,there were significant differences in CT value of vertebral bone tissue and dorsal soft tissue between FBP and IMAR (P＜0.05),and the subjective evaluation scores of the two image reconstruction methods showed a statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).Conclusion IMAR can significantly reduce streak artifacts of metal implant and adjuste the CT values of artifact affected tissues to make it more close to the true value without metal implant.

Objective To compare the differences of pulmonary nodule detection rates between iterative reconstruction (sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction,SAFIRE)algorithm and filtered back projection (FBP) algorithm in chest CT, and to evaluate the detection accuracy.Methods Three groups of tube voltage values of 80,100,and 120 kV were defaulted on the new dual-source CT,with automatic mAs care dose 4D technology, the chest phantom with simulated pulmonary nodules was scanned, then the images were reconstructed with FBP and SAFIRE (grade 1-5 ),respectively. The detection rates of simulated pulmonary nodules in the chest CT images reconstructed of SAFIRE (grade 1-5 )and FBP were compared, and their diameters and CT values were measured.Results With the same tube voltage, no significant difference was found in the detection rate of simulated pulmonary nodules between SAFIRE (grade 1-5 )and FBP (P>0.05 ), the diameter deviation of simulated nodules of SAFIRE (grade 3 )was less than FBP, and the difference in the average CT value of the simulated nodules between SAFIRE (grade 3)and FBP was not statistically significant (P>0.05);the simulated nodule detection rate of 100 kV was equivalent to the detection rate of 120 kV,the simulated nodule (-800 HU and 3 mm )detection rate of 80 kV was less than that of 120 kV;as the tube voltage reduced,or simulated nodule diameter decreased,or the density of simulated nodule reduced,the nodule’s diameter deviation was increased. Conclusion Compared with FBP,the capabilities of SAFIRE in pulmonary nodule detection in different densities and different sizes are same,and SAFIRE algorithm is helpful for accurate displaying of pulmonary nodules,and it can be used for low-dose CT lung cancer screening program.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Nanog and Oct4 (stem cell transcription factors) in endometriosis and adenomyosis, and to explore their potential functions in the development of endometriosis and adenomyosis. Methods The expressions of Nanog and Oct4 in the ectopic and eutopic endometrium of 50 patients with endometriosis and/or adenomyosis (ectopic endometrium group and eutopic endometrium group), and 21 patients free from endometriosis and adenomyosis (control group) were detected by immunohistochemical SABC methods. Statistical analysis was conducted for the correlation between the expressions of Nanog and Oct4 based on patients′ clinical pathological parameters. Results Nanog and Oct4 protein expressions in ectopic endometrium group were higher than that in control group (P<0.01);the expressions of Nanog and Oct4 in eutopic endometrium group and control group showed no significance (P > 0.05); there was positive correlation between the expressions of Nanog and Oct4 in ectopic endometrium group (r = 0.590, P < 0.01). Conclusion Nanog and Oct4 present high expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium , which may play a important role in the development of endometriosis and adenomyosis.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the effect of interventional embolization for hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) associated with arteriovenous shunting (AVS), and to discuss the factors influencing the therapeutic results. Methods The clinical data of 62 cases with HCC associated with AVS , who were treated with interventional chemoembolization , were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the type and extent of AVS identified by angiographic manifestations, appropriate obstruction of the shunt and Lipiodol chemoembolization of HCC were conducted. The curative effect of the shunt embolization was assessed by DSA at one or two months after the treatment. The relevant factors influencing the prognosis of embolization were analyzed by using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis methods. Results Of the 62 patients, arterioportal shunting (APS) was detected in 44, hepatic arterio-venous shunting (HAVS) in 11, APS together with HAVS in 4, and hepatic artery-pulmonary artery shunting (HAPAS) in 3. Re-examination with DSA was carried out in 53 patients at 1 - 2 months after the treatment , which showed that the shunting disappeared in 18 cases, obvious reduction of the shunt flow was seen in 19 cases, the lesion remained stable in 9 cases and the disease became worse in 7 cases. Univariate analysis indicated that the kind of embolic material and the presence of tumor thrombus could affect the obstructive result of the shunt , while multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that portal tumoral thrombus was an independent risk factor. The embolization effect of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles and Lipiodol-ethanol mixture, used as the embolic agents, was better than that of gelatin sponge particles. Conclusion To ensure a successful interventional chemoembolization for HCC combined with AVS the procedure should be individualized according to the type and extent of the arteriovenous shunting. The type of embolic materials used for embolization can affect the results to a certain degree.