AIM:To establish HPLC method for making a assay of nucleosines in Ningxinbao Capsules(Cepha-(lospovium) sinensis Chen.sp.nov). METHODS:The assay was performed on a C_(18) column(4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m).The mobile phase was composed of phosphate buffer(pH 7.8-8.0)-acetonitrile(83∶17).The flow rate was at 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was at 260 nm. RESULTS:The linear ranges of uridine,adenosine and inosine lay in the concentration range of 4.168-83.36,4.480-89.60,5.230-104.6 ?g/mL,respectively(r=0.999 9). The average recoveries were 0.4%,1.8%,2.5%,respectively. CONCLUSION:The method is simple,rapid.It is suitable for the assay of nucleosines in Ningxinbao Capsules.

Objective To develop and validate the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(Q-PCR)method for the detection of 8 murine viruses. Methods The specificity,sensitivity and precision of the Q-PCR method were verified by four laboratories,and the virus simulated contamination test and blind sample detection were carried out simultaneously,of which the detection results were compared. The Q-PCR method was used to detect 26 batches of monoclonal antibody cell lines for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine production and 15 batches of other products of murine origin. Results The Q-PCR method used for detecting 8 kinds of murine viruses had no cross reaction with the same family and genus or other murine viruses. Except the sensitivity of laboratory 2 to ectromelia virus(EctV/Mouse Pox,MPV)was 2 × 10~2copies/μL,the sensitivity of laboratory 2 to other 7 viruses and 3 other laboratories to 8 murine viruses was 2 × 10~1copies/μL. Except the inter-assay CV of the copy number of mouse adenovirus(MAdV)detected by laboratory 3 was 37. 58%,the intra-assay and inter-assay CVs of the Ct and copy number of other 7 viruses detected by laboratory 3 and those of 8 viruses detected by other 3 laboratories were all less than 25%.The sensitivity of virus simulated contamination test met the parameter requirements. The coincidence rate of blind sample detection results by 4 laboratories was 100%. All the 26 batches of monoclonal antibody cell lines for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine production and 15 batches of other murine derived products were negative for 8 murine viruses. Conclusion Q-PCR method for murine virus has good specificity,sensitivity and precision,and can be used for the detection of murine derived biological products.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that apoptosis is closely related to the pathogenesis of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis. The release of cytochrome c plays a very important role in the process of apoptosis.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of cytochrome c on early steroid-induced femoral head necrosis.
METHODS:Twenty-four healthy adult male New Zealand rabbits at 5 months old were randomly divided into model group and control group (n=12 per group). Models of early steroid-induced femoral head necrosis were established by intragluteal injection of hormone combined with ear vein injection of horse serum. In the control group, rabbits were given ear vein injection of the same amount of physiological saline. At 2, 4 and 6 weeks after model establishment, histopathological changes of bilateral femoral head were observed by optical microscope, and the ratio of empty lacuna was calculated. Apoptosis of osteocytes was determined by TUNEL assay, and apoptotic index was calculated. Immunohistochemical method was used to determine cytochrome c and to calculate cytochrome c-positive expression rate.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The ratio of empty lacuna and apoptotic index:The model of early steroid-induced femoral head necrosis was successful y established in the experiment. Compared with the control group, ratio of empty lacuna, apoptotic index and expression rate of cytochrome c in osteocytes were significantly higher in the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). (2) Correlation analysis:Ratio of empty lacuna was significantly positively associated with apoptotic index at various time points in the model group (r=0.856, P<0.01). Expression rate of cytochrome c was significantly positively associated with apoptotic index at various time points in the model group (r=0.824, P<0.01). (3) These findings confirm that cytochrome c-involved apoptosis of osteocytes may play an important role in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis. Expression rate of cytochrome c in osteocytes is remarkably positively associated with the occurrence of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis in rabbits.

At present, the roles of neural plasticity and motor functional recovery in stroke have increasingly been paid attention to. The remodeling of cerebral cortex after stroke can complement the function of injured tissues, which has been confirmed by animal experiments. Functional neuroimaging technique has been gradually used in the evaluation of neural plasticity.

Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in biliary system,with a high degrade of malignancy,invasion and metastasis.The prognosis is heartbreaking.Radical surgery is the only possible way for curing.The current understanding of China's doctors at all levels on radical surgery of gallbladder cancer is chaotic.Based on the latest version eighth TNM staging of the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)of gallbladder cancer,making a review of the literature,combined with the author's personal experience,we have interpreted the reasonable selection of hepatectomy of gallbladder cancer,in order to improve the doctors at all levels to regulate the understanding of hepatectomy and the prognosis of gallbladder cancer.

BACKGROUND:The etiological factor of pediatric avascular necrosis of the femoral head(Legg-Calv?-Perthe disease) is unclear right now,and the disease typing,treatment and prognosis outcome are also different.Thus a simple,practical and reliable clinical classification is necessary to guide treatment and estimate result.OBJECTIVE:To summarize and analyze the criteria commonly used for Legg-Calv?-Perthe disease in clinical typing as well as their advantage and shortcoming,which provides evidences for the treatment and instruction.RETRIEVAL STRATEGY:A computer-based search of Medline database was undertaken to identify the articles regarding the classification criteria for Perthes disease,published between January 1970 and September 2007,with the key items of "Perthes,classification" in English.After the primary check,the full-texts of the remained articles were looked for.Inclusion criteria:①X-ray,bone scanning and MRI classification criteria for Perthes disease.②the study of the correlation between the classification reliability and the prosthesis.Exclusion criteria:repeated researches.Totally 76 articles about the classification criteria for Perthes disease were retrieved,and 32 of them were in accordance with the inclusion criteria.LITERATURE EVALUATION:Among 32 included articles,24 ones concerned with X-ray examination,4 with bone scanning image,and 4 with MRI image.DATA SYNTHESIS:There were many related researches to the clinical classification of Legg-Calv?-Perthe disease,but uniform conclusion is absent.A reliable and unified clinical classification is beneficial for the orthopaedic physicians to find out the risk factors at early stage,and take therapeutic measures as soon as possible,so as to prevent the malformation of the femoral head.Ideal classification criteria with good reliability and consistency,are closely related to the disease prosthesis,and should be used at early stage.CONCLUSION:X-ray typing is commonly used in the clinical classification for Legg-Calv?-Perthe disease,but it is difficult to apply at early stage.Bone scanning can forecast results,and also induce irradiation.Due to good sensitivity and high resolution,MRI has an earlier effect on detecting necrosis and collapse,and is potential for further development and application,however,it also calls on a long-term clinical follow-ups.

Frontal recess locates at the anterosuperior part of the ethmoidal labyrinth,the anatomical structure of which is most complicated. The acknowledgement of this area is fundamental for the endoscopic frontal sinus surgery. With the development of technology,images of the computed tomography can display more delicate micro structure of the anatomy. So we can study the frontal recess anatomy in detail with the technique. This study reviewed the current research on the image anatomy of the frontal recess.

Objective To explore feasibility and clinic results of the MIPPO (minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis) technique in treatment of humeral fractures. Methods 14 patients with humeral fracture underwent the MIPPO operation in our department. 7 of them were injured in a traffic accident, 4 in sports and 3 in daily life. There were 11 males and 3 females, with their ages ranging from 16 to 72 years. Of the 14 cases, 9 were proximal ones and 5 mid- distal ones, 3 were multiple injuries and 1 pathological fracture. Results The average intra- operative time was 80 minutes (ranging from 55 to 130 minutes). No patient received blood transfusion. The intra- operative blood loss was 100 to 200 mL. 14 cases were followed up for 8 weeks to 14 months. Their cuts healed at the primary stage. Their shoulder and elbow functions were fine. The fracture segments got satisfactory reduction with good apposition and alignment radiologically. The callus appeared 4 to 8 weeks postoperatively. Conclusion MIPPO is a safe and effective treatment for the humeral fracture with the benefits of less invasion, fewer complications and higher union rate.

Objective To study the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin(r-HuEPO) on RBC immunity in chronic renal failure(CRF) patients.Methods Forty-five CRF patients were divided into two groups : 20 patients without r-HuEPO(control group) and 25 patients with r-HuEPO more than one month(experimental group).The RBC-C_(3b)RR and RBC-ICRR in two groups were counted under microscope and the correlations between HB or CRE and RBC-C_(3b)RR were calculated.Results The concentrationd of Hb,RBC-C_(3b)RR in experimental group were much higher than those in control group(P

0.05),but existed between grades Ⅰ-Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ(P0.05).Conclusion PIAS3 is expressed in human gliomas,closely correlated with the pathological grade and malignant intensity.PIAS3 may be involved in the development and progression of gliomas.