Adult ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus ; blood ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Electrophoresis, Paper ; Female ; Hemoglobin A ; analysis ; Humans ; Male

Objective To understand the psychological experience of primary caregivers of patients with cancer-related pain,care to focus on caregivers psychological health, improve life quality and ability to cope with pain. Methods A qualitative, descriptive, semi-structured research were used in this study. Nineteen primary caregivers of cancer patients with cancer-related pain were in-depth interviewed. Colaizzi′s analytical method was adopted to analyze the data, which were then organized into themes and subthemes. Results The primary caregivers confronting cancer-related pain experienced a series of negative psychological changes, worry, fear, anxiety, vexation, sadness, helplessness and powerlessness, their physical and mental health, life were also affected .The primary caregivers were lack of pain related knowledge and pain management skills generally. Conclusion Medical staff should pay high attention to the psychology status of primary caregivers, to provide support, health education and skill training of pain coping strategies, which then might help relieve cancer patients′pain and in turn improve their quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the effect of operation associated with uterine arerial chemotherapy and embolization preoperation.Methods 31 patients with pathologically confirmed cervical carcinoma were treated with interventional therapy,followed by uterectomyandpelvic lymphadenectomy.Results Curative effect was obvious.The lymph metastasis of Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage was 12% and 66.67%respectively.27 patients followedup for 3 years,23 were survived(85.19%).Conclusion For cervical carcinoma,before operation,the interventional therapy can reduce the size of tumor and the metastasis of lymph,improve the ectomy by operation and the survival rate.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of psychological distress and analyze the relevant factors among patients with bladder tumor so as to provide evidence for future clinical practice. Methods Totally 128 patients were recruited from a urological surgery ward of a comprehensive hospital in Beijing in the study by using self-design questionnaire and the psychological distress thermometer (DT) recommended by the U.S. national comprehensive cancer network (NCCN). The acquired data were analyzed by SPSS17.0. Results The average score of the patients was 4.00(1.00~5.00). The identification rate of psychological stress was 55.47%( 71/128 ) , higher than the Chinese normal ( U = 8 . 28 , P < 0 . 05 ) . The relevant factors of psychological stress based on the rank from high to low scores included emotion problems ( 1 . 63 ± 0 . 67 ) , practical problems ( 1 . 42 ± 0 . 64 ) , communication problems (1.29 ± 0.65), physical problems (1.28 ± 0.33) and religion problems (1.00 ± 0.08). Conclusions The prevalence of psychological distress is higher among patients with bladder tumor and the influence factors mainly include emotional problems , practical problems and communication problems. Nurses should pay attention to the psychological distress of patients with bladder tumors and develop targeted interventions so as to relieve their distress.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of hallux valgus deformity treated with minimally invasive the first metatarsal distal osteotomy. Methods The data of 375 cases (626 feet) treated with minimally invasive the first metatarsal distal osteotomy was retrospectively analyzed. Hallux valgus angle was21°-65°(mean37.61°±9.25°), intermetatarsal (IM) anglewas7° -21° (mean 13.03°± 3.73°). The preoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score was (46.5 ± 9.4) pints. Results The patients were followed up 12-30 months [mean (18.5 ± 6.8) months]postoperation, hallux valgus angle was 7.18°±4.55°,intennetatarsal angle was 5.07°± 1.70°,with a mean angle decreasing 30.54° and 12.33°.The AOFAS score was (84.8±7.6) points (P <0.01). Conclusion According to the hallux valgus angle,intermetatarsal angle and the length of the first metatarsal,decide the place and method of osteotomy, the hallux valgus can be corrected in three-dimensional and get an excellent effect.

Objective To elucidate the experience and attitude of bad news delivery from nurses to advanced cancer patients, in order to offer better nursing care to the dying cancer patients as well as to provide evidence for end-of-life cancer care. Methods A phenomenological research method of qualitative study was employed in this study. Fifteen nurses caring for dying cancer patients were in-depth interviewed with semi-structured interview guide. Colaizzi analytical method was adopted to collect and analyze the data, which was then organized into themes and subthemes. Results Three themes wereconflict between will and behavior barriers of bad news delivery delivery with comprehensive assessment of dying cancer patients. Conclusions Though the oncology nurses thought the dying cancer patients should be told they were dying, few nurses did that. Communication and hope maintenance related to end-of-life cancer care training should be offered to oncology nurses, as well bad news delivery to ensure cancer patients′safety.

Objective To evaluate diagnostic significance of renal arteriography by injecting adrenalin in patients with renal tumour.Methods The renal angiography after administration of adrenalin (6 ?g) in 47 patients with renal malign ant tumour were performed.The angiographic results were analysed in comparison with that of pathology.The diagnostic accuracy parameters including sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive prediction rate,negative prediction rate,positive and negative index were caluclated.Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the detection of renal malign ant tumour were 93% ,94% and 94% respectively. Positive prediction rate were 97%,negative prediction rate was 89%, positive likelihood rate was 15.8, negative likelihood rate was 0.07 and Youden index was 0.87.Conclusion Medicaments angiography by injecting adrenalin is of important diagnostic value for renal tumour,especially for those which are vascularized and could not diagnosed by other technology qualitatively.

Objective To study the course of different cervical nerve segments and their related intervertebral foramen’s size so as to increase safety and decrease complications in microinvasive surgery for cervical syndrome. Methods Fifteen human cervical specimens (30 sides) were anatomically observed for the course, branches and distribution of cervical nerves. Results The diameter of intervertebral foramen ranges from 0.54 to 0.65 cm, and increases gradually from top to bottom. The vertical diameter and anteroposterior diameter between C4, C5 and C6 vertebrae are smaller, and those between C3 and C7 are larger, but the diameter line of nerve root in intervertebral foramen from up to down gradually increases. The anteversion angle between nerve root and spine cord on horizontal plane is from 15? to 19?, within a small variation, while the declination angle on coronal plane gradually decreases from C3 to C7. There exist plenty of anastomosis branches among the cervical dorsal rami. Conclusion In the range of 0.6 cm around articular process at the entrance of intervertebral foramen, it is the narrowest part, the removal of which may alleviate the pressure on nerve root and benefit spinal stability. Because of the general existence of anastomosis branches of cervical nerve, the symptoms of cervical syndrome are not completely consistent to innervation. The intervertebral foramen between C4, C5, C6 is relatively small and the diameter line of nerve root is comparatively large, so the nerve root at C4, C5, C6 is most likely to be pressed.

Aim To investigate the effect of spinal substance P on the antinociceptive propoties of ketamine. Methods Using behaviors and Fos expression technique,the effects of intrathecal administration (it) of substance P of different dose on the ketamine induced antinociception were observed in the formalin test of mice. Results Compared with NS group, the amount of time that mice spent licking the injected paw was dose-dependently decreased in 20 and 30 mg?kg -1 groups(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between tumor location and the risk of developing bladder cancer in pafients treated by nephroureterectomy(NU)for upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma(UUT-TCC).Methods The clinical data of 168 UUT-TCC patients who underwent NU were reviewed.Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out to determine the risk factors for intravesical recurrence after NU.Results The recurrence-free survival rate at 1,3 and 5 years after NU were 88%, 76%and 63%.All patients were followed up for a median period of 45(12-107)months During this period, a total of 49 patients developed bladder tamors after surgery,of which 28 cases were renal pelvic carcinoma, 2 cases were rniddle ureter carcinoma and 19 cases were distal ureter carcinoma.The recurrence-free survival of renal pelvic carcinoma and ureter carcinoma had no significant difference by Log-Rank test(P>0.05).On multivariate analysis,only locating in distal ureter carcinoma was the independent risk predictor for intravesical recurrence after NU (P<0.01).Conclusion Pafients with UUT-TCC at distal ureter carry a higher risk for intraeesieal recunerrce after NU than those with TCC at other location of upper urinary tract.