OBJECTIVE： To establish the quality standard for Bushen quyu granules. METHODS： TLC was used for qualitative identification of Rosa laevigata， Cuscuta chinensis， processed Fallopia multiflora and Lithospermum erythrorhizon in Bushen quyu granules. And then， the content of total polysaccharides in Bushen quyu granules was determined by UV spectrophotometry. HPLC method was used for the content determination of rutin， quercetin and hyperin in Bushen quyu granules. The determination was performed on BDS C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.08％ phosphoric acid solution （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃， and detection wavelength was set at 370 nm. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS： TLC test sample chromatogram of 4 medicinal materials showed the same spot or fluorescence at the corresponding position with the reference substance and control medicinal materials. The linear range of glucose， rutin， quercetin and hyperin were 0.003-0.018 mg/mL， 0.225-7.20 μg/mL， 0.07-2.24 μg/mL and 1.25-39.88 μg/mL（r＝0.999 5 or 0.999 9， n＝6）. RSDs of precision， stability and reproducibility tests were all less than 3％ （n＝6）. Average recoveries were 102.2％， 101.2％， 100.9％， 101.0％ （RSD＝1.28％， 2.93％， 2.41％， 1.59％， n＝6）. Average contents were 0.46 g/g， 5.48        μg/g， 8.18 μg/g and 102.88 μg/g（n＝3）. CONCLUSIONS： Established quality standard of Bushen quyu granules is accurate and reliable， and can provide scientific reference for quality control of Bushen quyu granules.

Wild castor grows in the high-altitude tropical desert of the African Plateau,a region known for high ultraviolet radiation,strong light,and extremely dry condition.To investigate the potential genetic basis of adaptation to both highland and tropical deserts,we generated a chromosome-level genome sequence assembly of the wild castor accession WT05,with a genome size of 316 Mb,a scaffold N50 of 31.93 Mb,and a contig N50 of 8.96 Mb,respectively.Compared with cultivated castor and other Euphorbiaceae species,the wild castor exhibits positive selection and gene family expansion for genes involved in DNA repair,photosynthesis,and abiotic stress responses.Genetic variations associated with positive selection were identified in several key genes,such as LIG1,DDB2,and RECGI,involved in nucleotide excision repair.Moreover,a study of genomic diversity among wild and cultivated accessions revealed genomic regions containing selection signatures associated with the adaptation to extreme environments.The identification of the genes and alleles with selection signatures provides insights into the genetic mechanisms under-lying the adaptation of wild castor to the high-altitude tropical desert and would facilitate direct improvement of modern castor varieties.