OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the patent application of artificial cultivation and seed treatment technology of Paridis Rhizoma and natural resources protection. METHODS:Retrieved from State Intellectual Property Office patent database,“Paridis Rhizoma”and“Paris polyphylla”were used as search keywords from 1985 to March 31,2015;Paridis Rhizoma cultiva-tion and seed treatment technology patents as research object were analyzed in fields of the amount of patent application,regional construction and legal status,etc. RESULTS:Among 54 Paridis Rhizoma cultivation patent application,there were 19 applications from Yunnan,9 from Sichuan,8 from Hubei,5 from Anhui,4 from Hunan,3 from Guizhou,2 from Jiangxi,1 from Fujian, Shanxi,Jiangsu,Guangxi respectively;there were 18 licensed patents,and 13 licensed patents maintained more than 3 years, among which 1 patent right transferred;from aspect of patent without right,6 patent right were given up due to fail to pay annual fee,1 rejected and 5 withdrawn;from main types of patent proposer,enterprise submitted 24 patent application,universities 15, scientific research institutes 8 and other 7. 24 enterprise patents involved 21 enterprises,indicating that patent protection net didn’t form due to disperse proposers. CONCLUSIONS:Patent application is mainly from Yunnan. There still are some problems,such as small number of patent applications,poor quality of application writing,little patent transformation. It is suggested to plan artificial cultivation technology,enhance the quality of patent application,pay attention to patent operation and achievement transformation and other measures,in order to protect Paridis Rhizoma resource and industrial development.

【Objective】 To explore the application value of free prostate specific antigen density(fPSAD) based on rectal ultrasound in the prediction of prostate biopsy results. 【Methods】 Data of 578 patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy during Jan.2014 and Jul.2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including prostate specific antigen(PSA) level, free prostate specific antigen(fPSA) level, fPSA/total prostate specific antigen(tPSA), prostate specific antigen density(PSAD), combined prostate specific antigen density(cPSAD), fPSAD, prostate volume and other clinical parameters. 【Results】 There were 253 cases of prostate cancer and 325 cases of prostatic hyperplasia. The positive puncture rate was 43.8%. The critical value of fPSAD was 0.05, the corresponding area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.830, and the Yoeden index was 0.539. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnosis accordance rate and Kappa value of fPSAD to predict prostate cancer were 0.76, 0.77, 76.7% and 0.529, respectively. Compared with PSA, fPSA/tPSA and PSAD, PSA had the highest sensitivity (92.5%), fPSAD had the highest specificity (77.2%), and fPSAD had the highest diagnostic accordance rate (76.7%). 【Conclusion】 When transrectal prostate volume measurement is used to predict prostate cancer, fPSAD has relatively high specificity and diagnosis accordance rate, which is obviously better than using PSA, fPSA/tPSA ratio and PSAD alone in the differential diagnosis and prediction of prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia.