Objective To study dectin-1 mRNA expression in lung of different immune status mice infected with Aspergillusfumigatus, and to explore the influence of immunosuppressive agent on the expression of dectin-1 and its relationship with the progression of disease. Methods Mice were divided into four groups which were normal control, immuncompromised, immuncompromised with A.fumigatus inoculation and immuncompetent with A.fumigatus inoculation groups. We explored the kinetic mRNA expression of dectin-1 in lung of different groups by real-time quantitative PCR. Pulmonary fungal burden assessment was performed to reflect the progressing of disease during the experimental time course. Results On day 3 after inoculation, pulmonary fungal burden of the immuncompromised mice was higher than that of the immuncompetent group. On day 1 and 3, dectin-I mRNA expression in lung of the immuncompromised group was much lower than that of the normal control. On day 3, dectin-1 mRNA expression in lung of the immuncompetent mice infected with A.fumigatus was much higher than that of the immuncompromised with A.fumigatus inoculation and the normal control groups ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion During the infection, expression of dectin-1 in lung of the immuncompetent group was strikingly increased, which may play an important role on the defence to A.fumigatus invasion. Cyclophosphamide inhibited the expression of dectin-1 in lung of mice which may be one of the mechanisms of the invasive pulmonary aspergillosis development induced by eyclophosphamide.

Compressed oxygen in diaphragm-type compresesor currently used can easily cause fire,ex- plosion or damage.The reason for the causes was analysed and requirment for the oxygen was put forward. Proceed from the three aspect:selection of lubricating oil;replace of material quality and alarm for the di- aphragm broken;the problems of diaphragm-type compressor were finally settled.

Objective:To explore the genetic polymorphism of cytochrome P450 enzyme 17(CYP17) and its relationship with the pathogenesis ofpolycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods:A total of 260 patients with PCOS of uyhan and han nationality in Xinjiang,who were admitted to Chinese Medicine Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2015 to February 2017,were chosen as PCOS group;the other 237 healthy fertile women,who were examined in the outpatient department during the same period,were chosen as control group.The CYP17 gene polymorphism in the two groups of subjects was detected by the restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) technique;the distribution of alleles and gene frequencies was compared between the two groups;combining with its clinical data,the relationship between CYP17 gene polymorphism and the pathogenesis of PCOS was analyzed.Results:Body Mass Index(BMI) and Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) levels in the PCOS group were lower than those in the control group;Luteotropic hormone(LH),Testosterone(TES) and LH/FSH levels in the PCOS group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).The frequencies of A1A1,A1A2,and A2A2 of CYP17 gene in the PCOS group were 34.62％,41.92％,23.46％,respectively,compared with 34.18％,43.88％,21.94％ in the control group,the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The allele frequency of A1 and A2 in the PCOS group were 55.58％,and 44.42％ respectively,compared with 56.12％ and 43.88％ in the control grouP,the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).There was not statistical significance in FSH,LH and LH/FSH levels of different CYP17 genotypes in the PCOS group (P＞0.05).There was statistical significance in BMI level A2A2＞A1A2＞A1A1 and TES level A2A2＜A1A1＜A1A2 in the PCOS group (all P＜0.05).The BMI,FSH,LH,TES and LH/FSH levels of different CYP17 genotypes in the control group were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion:CYP17 gene-34bp T/C nucleotide polymorphisms is a common base replacement in the population,which is not significantly related to the pathogenesis of PCOS.

BACKGROUND: Various types of collagen affect differentiation and expression of chondrocytes in the process of tissue engineered culture for cartilage. The reliability of cartilage tissue engineering is determined by resource, structure and property of collagen.OBJECTIVE: To characterizing the structure of collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ, to clarify the structural characteristics of collagen for cartilage tissue repairing and provide guidance for choosing cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds. METHODS: The type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen was obtained from neonatal calf skins, and type Ⅱ collagen was obtained from porcine articular cartilage. The differences of structures of collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were analyzed and compared by FTIR, DSC, SDS-PAGE and picrosirius-red staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The neonatal calf collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and porcine collagen type Ⅱ had the similar functional group. The thermal denaturation temperature of the three type collagen was 104.2 ℃, 99.7 ℃ and 92.5 ℃. SDS-PAGE analysis showed the collagen type Ⅲ percentage in collagen type Ⅰ was (11.29±0.91)%. Picrosirius-red staining exhibited that the collagen type Ⅰ was comprised red and orange raw fibers, with strongly birefringent. Collagen type Ⅲ was lax and thin, greenish fibers, but collagen type Ⅱ was red, loosely cancellated fibers. The functional groups and important characteristics of the three of collagen are similar. However, there are some differences in advanced structure. To analyze the relationships of collagen type Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ is important to choose and prepare scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective To compare and analyze the kinetics changes of lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and esophageal body of achalasia after treated by simple dilation, dilation with botulinum toxin injection and stenting under endoscope. Methods The 99 clinical diagnosed achalasia cases were divide into simple dilation group, dilation with botulinum toxin injection group and stenting group, which were treated with simple dilation, dilation with botulinum toxin injection and stenting respectively. The resting pressure of LES, relaxing ratio, the percentage of concordant and discordant contraction of esophageal body and the contraction range at 10 cm above LES were tested. The variation of each indicator was compared and analyzed before and after the operation. Results Before treatment, the value of the resting pressure of LES, the percentage of discordant contraction,contracting amplitude of esophageal body was higher than normal, while the relaxing ratio of LES and percentage of concordant contraction of esophageal body was lower. There was no significant difference between 3 groups. One week after the treatment, there was no statistic difference in the variation of each indicator compared with pre-operation in 3 groutps. Six months after the treatment, theimprovement of LES resting pressure, relaxing rate and contracting amplitude of esophageal body in dilation with injection group and stenting group were better than those of dilation group (P was 0.041,0.006,0.037and 0. 029,0.004,0.033 respectively). However there was no statistic difference between dilation with injection group and stenting group. Twelve months after treatment, the improvement of LES resting pressure, relaxing ratio, the percentage of concordant contraction and contracting amplitude of esophageal body in stenting group were better than those of dilation group (P was 0.035,0.028, 0. 008, and 0. 007 respectively). However there was no statistic difference between dilation with injection group and simple dilation group. Conclusion Simple dilation, dilation with botulinum toxin injection and stenting are effective methods of achalasia treatment. The effect in near future is significant, while the long-term recurrence is in rising trend as time extension. The effect of stenting is better than the other two methods in the long-term.

Objective To explore the way to reduce the absorption of irrigating fluid during PCNL. Methods The amount of absorbed fluid during PCNL in 20 cases (13 males and 7 females)was monitored by ethanol method. The average age was 40 years old. The maximum diameter of calculi by average was 25 mm. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were monitored during operation.Haemoglobin concentration, serum Na+, K+, Cl-, carbon dioxide-combining power and serum creatinine were measured before and after operation. The amount of irrigating fluid, the duration of operation, and the intrapelvic pressure were recorded. Results The absorbed volume of irrigating fluid in 20 cases was from 50. 2 to 685.0 ml. There was no significant difference in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, serum Na+ , K+ , Cl- and serum creatinine between pre-operation and post-operation(P>0.05), but the postoperative haemoglobin concentration (130.4±16.3 g/L) and carbon dioxide-combining power (24.1±3.2 mmol/L) were lower than that before operation( 142.6±15.6 g/L,26.4±2.0 mmol/L), the differences were significant (P<0. 05). The mean volume of absorbed irrigating fluid in patients with the cumutative time of the intrapelvic pressure higher than 30 mm Hg >10 min,the duration of operation >1 h, or the amount of irrigating fluid >10000 ml was 381. 1, 301.6,261.6 ml respectively, which was higher than that in the other cases (142.9, 136.4, 130.2 mi), the differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The ethanol method is simple, convinent,safe, valid, and is suitable for patients with compromised cardiorespiratory or renal function, who are more likely to develop volume overload because of fluid absorption.

Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of infertile women who terminated treatment after in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure. Methods Using a qualitative research de-sign, 12 subjects were recruited who had experienced IVF failure for many times. Data were collected through deep interviews, and analyzed using interpretive research strategies of phenomenology. Results Informed consent was obtained from each subject. There were four themes of lived experience which emerged from the data: frustration, high pressure, giving up pregnancy, and replaning the future. Conclusions Infertile women who received in vitro fertilization treatment will eventually accept the reality and mark out their future life after experiencing hustrated sense and various pressure by failure treatment.Nurses should give more loving care and persuasion during this process.

Objective To analyze, treatment of ipsilateral Pilon and calcaneal fractures (IPCF). Methods Injury causes included fallings in seven patients, traffic injury in two and impact injury in one, with ISS score of 5-22 points. There were seven patients with open injuries and 3 with close ones. Nine pa-tients had Ⅱ-Ⅲ degree of Pilon fractures according to the AO/OTA classification and six comminuted com-pression calcaneal fractures according to the Essex-Loprest classification. The Pilon fractures were fixed by cannulated nail, screw or Kirschner wire through open reduction in six patients including four fixed with ex-ternal fixators (the calcaneal fractures were fixed with percutaneous eannulated nail or Kirschner wire by poking reduction). The calcaneal fractures were fixed with only Kirschner wire through poking reduction in two patients and double fractures treated conservatively in two. Results The reduction of Pilon and cal-caneal fractures treated by operation were markedly improved in six patients, while there occurred angular deformity and joint surface introeession in the patients treated conservatively. The wound healing of soft tis-sue was sound in seven patients but unsatisfactory in the other three. The ankle-hind foot score was 82-94 points in four patients who were followed up. Conclusions IPCF is caused by the high energy force and characterized by severe injures of the soft tissues and the bone tissues at the distal tibia and calcaneua, for which limited internal fixation plus external fixation are suitable treatment choice.

Objective To compare the effects of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate combined montelukastin the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma.Methods Ninety-eight bronchial asthma patients from April 2014 to March 2016 in the Fourth People's Hospital Sichuan Province were selected anddivided into observation group and control group with 49 patients in each group according to the above principles by prospective study.The control group was given salmeterol treatment,and the observation group was added given montelukast treatment based on the control group.The treatment days were 15 d recorded the prognosis of the two groups.Results The total effective rates of the observation group and the control group were 95.9％ and 81.6％ respectively,the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The FEV1 and FVC values after treatment in the observation group and control group were significantly higher than before treatment (P ＜ 0.05),while the FEV1 and FVC values in the observation group after treatment were significantly higher than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The scores of ACT scale after treatment of two groups were obviously higher than before treatment,and the score of observation group was statistically higher than control group after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).During treatment,there was no statistical significance on adverse reaction between two groups.Conclusion Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate combined montelukast in the treatment of patients with bronchial asthma can promote the improvement of lung function,so as to improve the quality of life and clinical treatment.

Objective:To analyze and compare the volatile components in vinegar-processed schisandrae sphenantherae fructus and vinegar-processed schisandrae chinesis fructus.Methods:The volatile components in vinegar-processed schisandrae sphenantherae fruc-tus and vinegar-processed schisandrae chinesis fructus were extracted by headspace solid phase-microextraction (HS-SPME) and quali-tatively analyzed by GC-MS.Results:Totally 20 kinds of constituents were identified from vinegar-processed schisandra sphenanthera fructus, which accounted for 99.55%of the total volatile components , and totally 21 kinds of constituents were identified from vinegar-processed schisandra sphenanthera fructus, which accounted for 99.90% of the total volatile components .Conclusion: The type and content of volatile components in vinegar-processed schisandrae sphenantherae fructus and vinegar-processed schisandrae chinesis fructus are quite different , and the study can provide scientific basis for the two traditional Chinese medicinal materials .