OBJECTIVETo establish and evaluate a BA-ELISA method for the quantitative detection of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein.

METHODSWe deliberately selected three tables of CFTR and made the synthetic peptide be expressed in E. coli, then used the antigen to immunize rabbits to obtain the anti-CFTR polyclonal serum. After that, 96 well plates were coated with the purified antibody against CFTR. The antigen CFTR which was extracted from human sperm was detected by anti-CFTR antibody labeled with biotin, horseradish peroxidase conjugated avidin, and the substrate. The concentrations of two kinds of antibodies and the experiment parameters were optimized. Thereby, the double antibody sandwich BA-ELISA method for the quantitative detection of CFTR protein was established. Furthermore, the reproducibility, specificity and so on were evaluated by clinical specimens of sperm.

RESULTSThe optimal concentration of coated anti-CFTR IgG was 4 µg/ml, while the biotin labeled anti-CFTR IgG was 10 µg/ml; the optimal blocking buffer was 1% BSA-PBST, the optimal time of the reaction between antigen and antibody was 60 min, the optimal chromogenic time was 15 min, the intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient were 2.16%-9.23% and 2.29%-11.71% respectively; The lowest detectable limit was 0.15 ng/ml; the standard curve had a good linear correlation of R2 = 0.962.

CONCLUSIONThe BA-ELISA method for the quantitative detection of CTFR protein is successfully established, and it is demonstrated that the method has strong specificity, high sensitivity and good reproducibility. It provides the basis and evidence of the further application of the method.

Animals ; Antibodies ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; analysis ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Peptides ; Rabbits ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To evaluate the performance of magnetic nanoparticle chemiluminescence immunoassay (NM-CLIA) in detection of allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) antibodies to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (International Allergen Code D1) and Dermatophagoides farinae (International Allergen Code D2). Methods A total of 489 serum samples from the patients with suspected allergic disease (244 cases caused by D1, and 245 caused by D2), who were treated at Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, were detected by NM-CLIA and immunofluorescence assay, respectively. χ2 test and Kappa test were used to evaluate the correlation between the two methods in detection of D1 and D2 sIgE antibodies. The limit of detection (LoD), linear range and precision of NM-CLIA in detection of D1 and D2 sIgE antibodies were verified by the standard method of American Clinical Laboratory Standardization Association. Results The LoDs of NM-CLIA in detecting D1 and D2 sIgE antibodies were both less than 0.01 U/mL, the linearity ranged from 0.1 to 100 U/mL, the within-run precision was less than 5%, and the between-run precision was less than 8%. Methodological comparison results showed that NM-CLIA and immunofluorescence assay had good consistency in detecting D1 and D2 sIgE antibodies. For D1, the positive coincidence rate and negative coincidence rate were 95% and 92%, respectively (χ2＝174.45, P0.001, Kappa＝0.843), and the ±1 class agreement was 95.6%; for D2, the positive coincidence rate and negative coincidence rate were 91% and 97%, respectively (χ2＝154.263，P0.001，Kappa＝0.787), and the ±1 class agreement was 94.2%. Conclusion NM-CLIA has good correlation with immunofluorescence assay in detecting D1 and D2 sIgE antibodies, and has good LoD, linear range and precision, suggesting that it can be recommended for clinical testing of D1 and D2 sIgE antibodies.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and the relationship between breakfast frequency and dyslipidemia in residents over 40 years old in Yiling area of Yichang City in Hubei Province. Methods A random sampling was conducted, and 10 420 inhabitants were investigated during 2011 to 2012. Results The morbidity of dyslipidemia was 64. 0%. It was significantly higher in female than in male (65. 9% vs 60. 6%). Compared with regular breakfast eaters, non-breakfast eaters had significantly higher morbidity of higher blood low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and hypertriglyceridemia(P<0. 05). The risk of elevated serum LDL-C was higher in the non-breakfast eaters group(OR=2. 382, 95%CI 1. 300-4. 367, P=0. 019) after adjusted by age, sex, smoking, drinking, etc. Conclusions Compared with regular breakfast eaters, breakfast skippers had significantly higher morbidity of dyslipidemia. Eating breakfast on daily basis may have a significant protective effect on preventing dyslipidemia.

To study immunophenotype and cytotoxicity of the immunocytes in bone marrow and peripheral blood after activation by combined cytokines, mononuclear cells (MNC) of bone marrow and peripheral blood were activated by IFN-gamma, IL-1, IL-2 and McAb-CD3 in vitro. The cell amount and morphology during culture were observed. Cytochemical staining and immunophenotype analysis were done before and after culture in two groups of MNC. Cytotoxicity was tested by MTT method. The results showed that the cell number of two groups increased obviously in culture (P < 0.05), while the peripheral blood mononuclear cells increased more markedly (P < 0.05). The cytochemical staining showed POX decrease, but PAS increase in two groups. The positive ratios of CD3(+), CD56(+) and CD38(+) cells in two groups increased obviously after culture (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between those two groups. CD3(+) CD56(+) cells increased obviously in peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated by cytokines (P < 0.05), but CD3(+) CD56(+) cells did not increase in bone marrow mononuclear cells. There was no significant difference between two groups' cytotoxicity. It was concluded that IFN-gamma, IL-1, IL-2 and McAb-C D3 increased cell number and cytotoxicity of both bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells that can be used in cell immunotherapy.
ADP-ribosyl Cyclase ; immunology ; ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Antigens, CD ; immunology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; CD3 Complex ; immunology ; CD56 Antigen ; immunology ; Cell Count ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytokines ; pharmacology ; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; drug effects ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Interferon-gamma ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-1 ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-2 ; pharmacology ; K562 Cells ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVECancer is one of the leading causes of death in China. The study aimed to examine the temporal trend of cancer mortality rate during 1989-2008 in urban and rural areas of China.

METHODSThe mortality data of all cancers from 1989 to 2008 from National Cancer Registry database were sorted and checked. Age standardized mortality rates were calculated by the direct methods using the China population of 1982 and World Segi's population. Joinpoint regression was performed to obtain the annual percentage changes (APC) in mortality rates. The top ten cancer sites were calculated and analyzed. The mortality rates were compared with statistics of the United States.

RESULTSFrom 1989 to 2008, the trend of crude cancer mortality increased with an annual percentage change (APC) of 1.0%. After age standardization, the mortality rate was significantly decreased, with an APC of -1.2%. In urban areas, lung cancer was the most common cancer of death, whereas in rural areas, stomach cancer and esophageal cancer remained top cancers of death. Especially, in both urban and rural areas, the mortality of lung cancer was on increase. The mortality rates of stomach and esophageal cancers showed a decrease in urban areas. Compared with the cancer mortality rates of the United States, the Chinese cancer mortality rate in males remained highest. The decreasing trend of cancer mortality in females of China was less obvious than that of the United States.

CONCLUSIONSThe crude mortality rates of cancer in China show an increase whereas the age standardized mortality raters has declined between 1989 and 2008. Cancer is still a major public health issue threatening people's life in China. Effective intervention for cancer control and prevention is needed in the future.

China ; epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; mortality ; Male ; Mortality ; trends ; Neoplasms ; mortality ; Registries ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; mortality ; United States ; epidemiology ; Urban Population

OBJECTIVENationwide cancer incidence data were used to analyze the trends of cancer incidence in China in order to provide basic information for making cancer control strategy.

METHODSWe retrieved and re-sorted valid cancer incidence data from the National Central Cancer Registry Database over the 20 year-period 1989-2008. Crude incidence rate and age-standardized incidence rate were calculated for analysis. Annual percent changes in incidence for all cancers combined were estimated using Joinpoint software.

RESULTSThe cancer incidence rate in cancer registration areas was increased from 184.81/10(5) in 1989 to 286.69/10(5) in 2008 (from 209.33/10(5) to 307.04/10(5) in urban and from 176.10/10(5) to 269.57/10(5) in rural areas). Uptrends of crude cancer incidence were shown in both male and female in urban and rural areas over the 20 year-period. After standardized by age, overall incidence rate kept stable with 0.5% annual increase in urban and no change in rural areas. Since 2000, the cancer incidences in both sexes and areas were significantly increased. The incidence increased for most major cancers, especially lung cancer, colorectal cancer, female breast cancer and cervical cancer.

CONCLUSIONSOver the 20 year-period 1989-2008, cancer incidence of most cancers has been increasing by time. The incidences of gastric cancer, liver cancer and esophageal cancer still keep gradually increasing. The incidences of lung cancer, female breast cancer, colorectal cancer and cervical cancer are markedly going up, so that cancer prevention and control should be enhanced. Cancer registration will play an important role on cancer control in China along with the number of registries increasing and data quality improving.

Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Male ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Registries ; Rural Population ; Stomach Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; Urban Population ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; epidemiology

Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of visual hallucination among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and analyse the potential risk factors. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight patients with PD were administered self-prepared visual hallucination questionnaires, and prevalence of visual hallucination was surveyed. The differences in sex, age, disease duration, Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores, Hoehn & Yahr stage, types of medicine used and levodopa equivalent doses (LDE) were compared between the patients with visual hallucination and those without visual hallucination. The prevalence of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) was investigated in patients with visual hallucination. Results Eighteen patients (14.06%) experienced visual hallucination, among whom 10 (55.56%) experienced visual hallucination no less than one time per day, 11 (61.11%) "saw" the shadow of human figure and 15(83.33%)were complicated with RBD. There were significant differences in MMSE scores, Hoehn & Yahr stage, female proportion and usage of dopamine agonists between patients with visual hallucination and those without visual hallucination(P<0.05). Conclusion Visual hallucination is a common non-motor symptom among patients with PD, and cognitive function, disease severity and usage of dopamine agonista may be related to visual hallucination.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic CY Liu non-mesh pelvic floor repair surgery in treatment of pelvic organ prolapse(POP).METHODS: From February 2016 to September 2017,a total of 83 patients with POP were treated in Zhejiang Province People's Hospital,and they were included in this retrospective study.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed;the POP-Q scores were used as the objective evaluation indicators for POP.Analyze the changes of POP-Q indicator points after surgery,and observe surgery related data and complications.Evaluate the postoperative symptom improvement and subjective satisfaction rate of the patients using pelvic floor impact questionnaire short form(PFIQ-7).RESULTS: All surgeries of the included 83 patients were successfully finished laparoscopically.The average follow-up time was(18.88±3.82)months,but there were 8 cases of loss of follow-up.During the follow-up,the total anatomical success rate of laparoscopic CY Liu non-mesh pelvic floor repair surgery was 97.33%(73/75).The differences in POP-Q scores and PFIQ-7 scores were statistically significant before and after the surgery(P<0.05).Subjective satisfaction rate was 96.00%(72/75)after surgery.CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic CY Liu non-mesh pelvic floor repair surgery is effective in the management of Ⅱ-Ⅳ pelvic organ prolapse.There's no need for mesh,and the recurrence rate is low in short-term follow-up,which is worth paying attention to.

Conditions of disuse such as bed rest, space flight, and immobilization result in decreased mechanical loading of bone, which is associated with reduced bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Mechanisms involved in this process are not well understood except the suppression of osteoblast function. To investigate the effect of simulated weightlessness on mRNA level of extracellular matrix proteins, osteoblasts were rotated in horizontal plane as a model of simulated microgravity. Primordial osteoblasts of rats were grown for 2 d and then rotated for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. After isolating total RNA in cells, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PT-PCR) was made to examine the mRNA level of osteopontin (OPN) and osteonectin (ON). Meanwhile, the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (BGP) in the cultured medium were measured to evaluate the calcific function of cell. The expression of OPN and ON mRNA fell significantly after rotating for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The contents of BGP descended significantly, meanwhile, the activity of ALP also showed a degressive tendency. Horizontal rotation decreased the expression of ON and OPN as well as diminished the secretion of BGP and ALP, which affected the calcific function of osteoblast. The results obtained suggest that depression of extracellular matrix proteins expression plays a key role in bone loss during weightlessness.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cells, Cultured ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; metabolism ; Osteonectin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Osteopontin ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Rotation ; Sialoglycoproteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Skull ; cytology ; Weightlessness Simulation

OBJECTIVEBased on the national cancer incidence database from 1998 to 2007, to analyze the cancer incidence trend and predict the cancer burden between 2008 and 2015.

METHODSWe picked up the cancer incidence data of 40 cancer registry sites from National Central Cancer Registry Database between 1998 and 2007. In total, 1 109 594 cancer cases were registered, covering 446 734 668 person-year. The separate incidence by district and gender were calculated, and the standardized incidence rate was calculated by world's population age structure. The incidence trend between the 10 years was analyzed by JoinPoint software, as well as the age-percentage-changes (APC). Age-Period-Cohort Bayesian Model was applied to fit the cancer incidence data stratified by age, district and gender. The cancer incidence between 2008 and 2015 was then predicted.

RESULTSDuring the period of 1998 - 2007, in urban areas, the male cancer incidence rate was 277.61/100 000 (472 307/170 131 309), with the age standardized rate (ASR) at 202.05/100 000; while the female cancer incidence rate was 236.35/100 000 (389 586/164 830 893), with the ASR at 159.15/100 000; in rural areas, the male and female cancer incidence rates were separately 272.23/100 000 (153 478/56 377 236) and 170.09/100 000 (94 223/55 395 230), with the corresponding ASR at 244.34/100 000 and 137.90/100 000. Crude incidence rate in urban men increased from 247.00/100 000 (27 758/11 237 967) in 1998 to 305.76/100 000 (68 953/22 551 353) in 2007; while it increased from 207.37/100 000 (22 476/10 838 355) to 263.20/100 000 (58 055/22 057 787) among urban women. The crude incidence rate in rural men increased from 232.33/100 000 (10 045/4 323 628) to 303.65/100 000 (23 313/7 677 484) and it increased from 139.03/100 000 (5836/4 197 806) to 197.40/100 000 (14 850/7 522 690) among rural women. After age adjustment, the urban male APC value (95%CI) was 0.5% (-0.2% - 1.3%), showed no significantly statistical difference. However, the urban female APC value (95%CI), rural male APC value (95%CI) and rural female APC value (95%CI) were separately 1.7% (1.3% - 2.0%), 1.8% (0.9% - 2.6%) and 2.8% (1.8% - 3.7%), all showed an obvious uptrend. The outcome of Age-Period-Cohort Bayesian model predicted that by year 2015, the incidence cancer rate in urban areas will reach 309.13/100 000 (1.140 million new cases) among males and 303.79/100 000 (1.046 million new cases) among females; while in rural areas the rate will reach 288.66/100 000 (1.019 million new cases) among males and 222.59/100 000 (0.734 million new cases) among females.

CONCLUSIONThe cancer incidence has increased annually; the uptrend in rural areas was more obvious than it in urban areas; the uptrend in females was more obvious than it in males. It is predicted that the annual incidence will continue to increase in the next years, and effective control programs should be carried out immediately.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bayes Theorem ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Registries ; Rural Population ; Urban Population ; Young Adult