Objective:To establish a method for the determination of benzene, chlorine alcohol and pyridine residues in piperazine ferulate. Methods:GC was used with a DB-624 (30 m × 0. 53 mm, 1. 0 μm) elastic quartz capillary column. The flame ionization detector was used with nitrogen as the carrier gas. The initial temperature was 50℃, maintaining for 5 min, and raised to 80℃ at the rate of 10℃·min-1 , and then raised to 200℃ at the rate of 50℃·min-1 , and maintaining for 4 minutes. The inlet temperature was 200℃, and the detector temperature was 220℃. The split ratio was 1 ∶1 and the injection volume was 1μl. The flow rate was 3 ml· min-1. Results:The linear range of benzene was 0.16-0.96 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 5), the average recovery was 95.7% (RSD =2.1, n=9), and the detection limit was 0.16 ng. The linear range of chlorine alcohol was 16.11-96.65 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 7), the average recovery was 97. 8% (RSD=2. 1, n=9), and the detection limit was 0. 62 ng. The linear range of pyridine was 15. 87-95. 23 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 8), the average recovery was 99. 2% (RSD=1. 3, n=9), and the detection limit was 0. 15 ng. Con-clusion:The method is reliable, simple, accurate and stable, and suitable for the determination of benzene, chlorine alcohol and pyri-dine residues in piperazine ferulate.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of related substances in piperazine ferulate. Methods:An HPLC method was used to determine the related substances in piperazine ferulate. The separation was performed on an Xtimate C18 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was 0. 5% acetic acid-methanol-acetonitrile with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 and the column temperature was 30℃. The detection wavelength was 286 nm and the injection volume was 20μl. Results:Ferulic acid had a good linear relationship within the range of 5-30 μg·ml-1(r=1.0000). The detection limit was 0. 02 ng. Conclusion:The method is reliable, simple, accurate, stable and durable, and suitable for the determination of related sub-stances in piperazine ferulate.

Objective To observe the lipid regulation role of electroacupuncture intervention in the rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)induced with high fat and cholesteol forage,and to clarify the regulation mechanism of serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4 )level and liver X receptor a (LXR-α)and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c(SREBP-1c)expressions.Methods 44 female SD rats were fed for 7 d to adapt the environment and were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Dongbaogantai group, electroacupuncture group;11 rats in each group.The rats in normal group got routine feeding,and the others were fed with high fat and high cholesterol forage. After 8 weeks, the models were established, the rats in electroacupuncture group were treated with electroacupuncture method (1.5-2.0 Hz, D.-D.wave, 9V, 1-3 mA)in“Ganshu”,“Pishu”,“Geshu”for 15 min,once a day,lasted for 28 d.The changes of fasting blood-glucose(FBG),serum free fatty acids(FFA)and liver tissue homogenate triglyceride(TG)and total cholesterol (TC)levels of the rats in various groups were tested, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA)was used to determine the serum RBP4 levels, and Western blotting method was used to detect the LXR-αand SREBP-1 c protein expression levels in rat liver tissue.Results Compared with normal group,the FBG,serum FFA,TG and TC levels in liver tissue homogenate and serum RBP4 level of the rats in model group were increased (P<0.01);the LXR-αand SREBP-1c protein expression levels were also increased (P<0.01).Compared with model group, the FBG,serum FFA,the TG and TC levels in liver tissue homogenate and serum RBP4 levels of the rats in electroacupuncture group and Dongbaogantai group were decreased (P<0.01);the LXR-αand SREBP-1c protein expression levels were also decreased (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01 ). Conclusion Electroacupuncture method in“Fenglong”,“Zusanli”,“Sanyinjiao”can reduce the serum RBP4 level, regulate the lipid metabolism, and improve the lipid deposition of the NAFLD rats;they have obvious therapeutic effect on NAFLD, and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the increasing of LXR-αand SREBP-1 c protein expressions in liver tissue.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of ursolic acid (UA) on T-cell proliferation and activation, as well as to examine its effect on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway in T cells.

METHODST-cells isolated from BALB/c mice were incubated with UA at concentrations ranging from 5-30 μmol/L in the presence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) or PMA plus ionomycin. The proliferation of T cells was measured by the MTT assay. The expressions of CD69, CD25, and CD71 on T-cell surface were analyzed using flow cytometry. The level of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the culture supernatant of activated T cells was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of phosphorylated IκB-α (p-IκB-α) in total protein and p65, a subunit of NF-κB, nuclear translocation were measured by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSUA in a dose-dependent manner significantly decreased the proliferation and inhibited the surface expressions of CD69, CD25, and CD71 in murine T lymphocytes upon in vitro activation (P<0.01). Significant reduction of IL-2 production was found in activated T cells treated with UA (P<0.01). The PMA-induced increase in p-IκB-α protein was inhibited, and nuclear translocation of p65 from the cytoplasm was blocked by UA.

CONCLUSIONUA is a potent inhibitor for T cell activation and proliferation; these effects are associated with the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.

Animals ; Cell Nucleus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; I-kappa B Proteins ; metabolism ; Interleukin-2 ; secretion ; Ionomycin ; pharmacology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; drug effects ; Protein Transport ; drug effects ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology ; secretion ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ; pharmacology ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo discuss the mechanism of the traditional Chinese medicine Keyouling oral liquid in the treatment of condyloma acuminatum(CA) and the adjustment of cellular immunity function.

METHODSThe IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels of peripheral serum and wart tissue of patterned rats and CA patients exposed to Keyouling were determined by means of double-antibody sandwich ELISA, and the NK cellular activity of the spleen of the patterned rats and that of the peripheral blood of the CA patients exposed to Keyouling were determined by means of 3H-TdR isotype release.

RESULTSThe IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels, the NK cellular activity of the high-dosage group showed significant difference from those of the pattern group and low-dosage group in animal experiment(P < 0.05); the IL-18 and TNF-alpha levels of peripheral serum and wart tissues, and the NK cellular activity of the peripheral blood of the treatment group showed significant difference from those of the control group after treatment(P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSKeyouling oral liquid has significant positive adjusting effect, which can markedly ameliorate the cellular immunadeficiency of the patterned animals and reinforce the cellular immunocompetence of CA patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Condylomata Acuminata ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-18 ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; immunology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of the transverse preputial island flap technique (Duckett's procedure) for hypospadias repair.

METHODSA total of 356 patients with hypospadias were treated by Duckett's procedure from March 1995 to December 2010, of whom 324 (91.0%) were younger than 14 years. The length of urethra repair ranged from 1.5 to 10 cm.

RESULTSThe total success rate of Duckett's procedure was 91.0%. Urethra fistula occurred in 30 cases, external orifice stricture in 1, and urethral anastomosis stricture in another. There were no significant differences in the rate of complications among either different age groups or different surgical times (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDuckett's procedure remains the first choice for the one-stage repair of hypospadias, especially applicable to hypospadias with chordee.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Foreskin ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Infant ; Male ; Surgical Flaps ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the effect of group health education for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received radiotherapy.Methods Eighty cases of previously untreated patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who accepted radical radiotherapy from June 2009 to June 2010 were chosen as the control group,and 80 cases with the same conditions through June 2010 to June 2011 were chosen as the experimental group.The control group and experimental group were given oral health education and group health education respectively.The incidence of radiotherapy-related complications in patients who accepted two different methods of discharge guidance were compared.Results The improvement of patient compliance to rehabilitation guidance including regular reexamination,gargling,nasopharyngeal washing,mouth opening excise and neck excise was better in the experimental group than in the control group (85％ vs 68％,97％ vs 88％,99％ vs 70％,100％ vs 72％ and 95％ vs 60％),and the differences were statistically significant (X2 =6.892,5.766,25.079,25.507,12.822,respec.tively; P ＜ 0.05).The decreases in rate of complications including difficulty in mouth opening,neck movement restriction,sinusitis,otitis media and nasal bleeding were also better in the experimental group than in the control group (1.2％ vs 15.0％,1.2％ vs 5.0％,3.8％ vs 23.0％,1.2％ vs 12.0％ and 2.5％ vs 17.0％),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 ＝ 11.568,11.568,12.333,7.907,10.000,respectively; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Group health education can better meet the rehabilitation needs of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma,strengthen their subjective awareness of persisting in rehabilitation functional exercise,improve patient' s compliance and reduce the incidence of complications,so as to promote their rehabilitation and improve their life quality.

Although the function of the anterolateral stabilizing structures of the knee in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries has been recognized since many years, most of orthopedic surgeons do not take the anterolateral structure into consideration when performing an ACL reconstruction. Anatomic ACL reconstruction will improve knee stability, but a small subset of patients may experience some residual anteroposterior and rotational instability. For this reason, some researchers have paid attention to the anterolateral aspects of the knee, especially the anterolateral ligament. We don't know the best time to perform ACL and ALL reconstruction. And we lack the evidence to prove which technique is the best one. So we look forward to more random controlled trial.

Objective To investigate the phased expression of gene and protein of NogoA and its receptor (NgR) that affects axon growth of spinal cord injury (SCI), and to explore the time window effect of electroacupuncture on SCI rats. Methods A total of 144 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham operation group (group A, n=48) and model group (n=96). In the model group, Allen's method was used to establish SCI rats model, and they were further subdivided into model control group (group B, n=48) and electroacupuncture group (group C, n=48). Group C received electroacupuncture on Dazhui (GV14), Yaoyangguan (GV3), bilateral Ciliao (BL32) and Zu-sanli (ST36) with loose-tight wave, for 20 minutes every day, one day, seven days and 14 days after modeling. The rats at every interventional therapy time were randomly subdivided into two subgroups, which accepted sev-en or 14 days of treatment. Groups A and B were killed and the injured spinal cord tissue was extracted one day, three days, seven days, 14 days and 28 days after modeling, group C at the corresponding time. The hind limb motor function was assessed with BBB score before all of rats were killed. Four samples at every time in each group were randomly selected to detect the expression of mRNA and protein of NogoA and NgR at different stage of SCI using reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. Results The BBB score began to increase 14 days after modeling, and significantly increased until 28 days after model-ing (P<0.05), compared with one day, three days and seven days after modeling in group B. The BBB score in-creased in group C than in group B at all the time points (P<0.05), except 14 days after electroacupuncture one day after modeling. The BBB score was higher as electroacupuncture intervening seven days and 14 days after modeling than that at one day after modeling in group C, and no significant difference was found between seven days and 14 days of treatment at either electroacupuncture time point (P>0.05). The expression of gene and pro-tein of NogoA and NgR in group B was in the increasing tendency after SCI, and was at the peak until 21 days af-ter modeling, and was higher in group B than in group A at each time point (P<0.01). The expression of gene and protein of NogoA decreased at all the time points in group C than in group B (P<0.05), except seven days of elec-troacupuncture intervening one day after modeling in the expression of NogoA mRNA (P>0.05). The expression of gene and protein of NogoA and NgR was lower as electroacupuncture intervening 14 days after modeling than one day after modeling in group C (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of gene and protein of NogoA and NgR between electroacupuncture intervening 14 days and seven days after modeling, and seven days and one day after modeling (P>0.05); as well as between seven days and 14 days of treatment at each time point (P>0.05). Conclusion Elerctroacupuncture could improve the hind limb motor function, which may associate with the inhibition of the expression of gene and protein of NogoA and NgR in injured spinal cord of rats after SCI. Elerctroacu-puncture is effective in the treatment of SCI at the early time, however, it is much better in the recovery stage.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effect and hemodynamics of sevoflurane(SEV) and propofol (PRO) in combined anesthesia induction with remifentanil for tracheal intubation fibreoptic bronchoscope (FOB).

METHODSTwenty-four patients without difficult airway undergoing elective surgery with tracheal intubation general anesthesia were randomly divided into SEV and PRO group. FOB intubation was performed with sevoflurane or propofol administration combined with remifentanil induction. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), SPO2 and Narcotrend index (NI) were monitored to evaluate the anesthetic depth during the induction. The time to loss of consciousness (LOC), intubation time, intubation score, anesthetic dosage and adverse effects were recorded.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found between the two groups in the time to LOC, intubation time, intubation score, remifentanil dosage. Intubation was performed successfully in both groups. BP and HR of both groups decreased after the induction and did not increase after the intubation, with variation within the normal range. No significant difference in BP and HR was found between the two groups. NI of both groups decreased after the induction and during intubation. NI of SEV group 2 min after intubation was higher than that of PRO group. There was no significant difference in NI between the two groups at the other time points. No significant adverse effects or recall of the intubation procedure were reported.

CONCLUSIONAnesthesia induction FOB intubation with sevoflurane and propofol, both in combination with remifentanil, can be applied in surgical patients without contraindications to general anesthesia, and both methods can provide fast induction and good intubation condition with stable hemodynamics.

Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia ; methods ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; therapeutic use ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; therapeutic use ; Bronchoscopes ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; methods ; Methyl Ethers ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Piperidines ; therapeutic use ; Propofol ; therapeutic use