To identify the best suture techniques for the tendon repair, the biomechanical properties of tendons sutured by different methods were dynamically examined. 140 chickens were divided into 2 groups equally: group A and group B. The tendon of the right side was subjected to injury-repair process, and the tendons of the left sides served as controls in both groups. In group A, "figure-of-8" suture, modified Kessler suture and Bunnell suture were used for the 2nd to 4th paws respectively, while in group B, Kleinert suture, Tsuge suture and Ikuta suture were used. On the day 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 after operation, 10 animals were sacrificed and the flexor tendons of both sides were harvested for strength test. The results showed that the initial strength of the repaired tendons and the strength after 6 weeks following tendon cut were far below those of intact tendons, irrespective of suture techniques used. With the 6 techniques, the P(max) of tendons repaired by Tsuge suture was increased continually, reaching the highest value on the 42nd day. The P(max) of tendons sutured by the modified Kessler suture was slightly lower than that by Tsuge suture, but it was increased steadily in healing. The tendons repaired by figure-of-8 suture yielded the lowest P(max). It was concluded that Tsuge suture and modified Kessler suture were the best techniques for tendon repair.
Biomechanics ; Chickens ; Suture Techniques ; Tendon Injuries/*surgery ; Tendons/*surgery ; Tensile Strength ; Wound Healing

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; microbiology ; Mitosporic Fungi ; Sinusitis ; microbiology

OBJECTIVE To decrease the infection rate in intensive care unit(ICU) effectively. METHODS To analyze the reason of infection in ICU,such as the infection of respiratory tract,the infection of urinary system,the vascular infection after therapy,and the infection of alimentary tract,and to raise the control measure of nursing. RESULTS To pay attention to the arrangement and setting in ICU,the implementation of the regulation of nursing strictly, the intravascular therapy,the correct realizing of nursing procedure,and the reinforcement of nursing management,in order to keep the low infection rate. CONCLUSIONS All nursing measure raised/above is very useful for the hospital infection control in ICU.

Nervous system develops from multipotential stem cells of the embryonic neural tube.The discovery of cells of stem-like properties in the adult central nervous system(CNS)has provoked an intense search for ways to utilize their potential for treatments of multiple neurological disorders.Expansion and recruitment of endogenous progenitors may be limited in treating widespread cell loss in the adult CNS.Transplantation of neural stem cells(NSCs)or more restricted progenitors to replace cells lost to injury or disease may facilitate functional recovery in a spectrum of neurological disorders.A major challenge to the development of effective NSCs therapies is to direct the fate of the newly generated cells to specifically replace those lost to disease.The key to the effective treatment of NSCs is molecular regulation of the differentiation of NSCs and their progeny in areas of injury to the adult CNS,the fate of transplanted stem cells is also important.

Schwann cells (SCs) have potently neuroprotective and myelinization abilities. They are one of the earliest and the most frequently used cells that are applied to therapeutic studies in spinal cord injury. At present, SCs are usually used as a platform for therapeutic alliance to integrate various interventions. This review will mainly discuss the issues met in therapeutic alliances with SCs for spinal cord injuries, results of various therapeutic alliances with SCs, positive effects of co-transplantation with SCs on neural stem cells, survival, migration of SCs after transplantation and roles of endogenetic SCs in repairing spinal cord injury.

Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Failure

BACKGROUND:Finding of neural stem cells(NSCs)brings new hope for repairing central nervous system(CNS)injury.However,the influence of internal environment after brain injury on the survival and differentiation of NSCs is a complexand variable process.OBJECTIVE:To observe the survival and differentiation of human embryonic NSCs following implantation into rats with fluid percussion brain injury.DESIGN:Open experiment.SETTING:Department of Neurosurgery,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery.MATERIALS:This experiment was carried out In the Laboratory of Neural Stem Cells,Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery from September 2002 to March 2003.Twenty-four female SD rats,aged 7 weeks,with body mass of(250±10)g,were provided by the Experimental Animal lnstitute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences[License Nd. SCXK(Jing)2002-2003]. Cerebrum of 8-week aborted fetus was obtained (Informed consents were obtained from parturients and their relatives). Fetal survival was monitored by B ultrasonic wave during abortion. BrdU monoclonal antibody(Sigma Company),rabbit anti-nidogen polyclonal antibody(Chemicon Company),mouse anti-microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2)monoclonal antibody(Neomarkers Company),rabbit anti-gliaI fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)polyclonal antibody (Biogenex Company).METHODS:① CerebraI cortex cells of 8-week aborted human fetus was harvested and cultured in vitro for obtaining human embryronic NSCs.②Rat models of hydraulic impact injury were developed.Bone window of motor sensory area of cerebral cortex was set at 2.5mm posterior to bregma which was zero point and 3.0 mm lateral to midline.Hydraulic impact injury parameters were set as impact pressure 0.3 MPa. impact time 25 ms and impact time once. ③BrdU-labeled human embryronic NSCs were implanted into injured area al 24 hours after injury.After 1 and 4 weeks.rats were sacrificed.Adjacent sections were doubly stained bv BrdU/MAP-2 and BrdU/GFAP.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Survival and immigration of implanted human embryonic NSCs.②Differentiation of implanted human embryonic NSCs.RESULTS:①BrdU-positive cells were oval and brown.At 1 and 4 weeks after implantation,BrdU-positive cells survived and migrated,and they migrated more widely at 4 weeks after implantation. ②At 1 week after implantation,more BrdU-positive cells were found in the subcortical granular layer and subcortex,and BrdU/MAP-2-positive cells were more than BrdU/GFAP-positive cells;At 4 weeks after implantation,BrdU-positive cells were significantly reduced,and found in choroid plexus and blood capillary,and BrdU/GFAP-positive cells were more than BrdU/MAP-2-positive cells.CONCLUSION:Implanted human embryonic NSCs can survive in the region of brain injury.gradually differentiate into astrocytes during rehabilitation and are easily digested by endothelial phagocytes.It indicates that immunological rejaction possibly influences the survival of human embryonic NSCs.

Objective To design a monitoring system of the state of life for a crew in order to ensure their life safety. Methods A wearable physiological parameter monitoring technology was used, and the fabric electrode and temperature sensors were embedded in the vest.The thress-lead electrode was used to extract ECG and respiration signal,temperature signals were collected with a thermistor of negative temperature parameters.Blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation were detected by a finger cuff type of blood oxygen sensors.The volume pulse wave velocity method was used to extract blood pressure signals,and the photoelectric measurement method was used to extract blood oxygen saturation signals.The state of life was evaluated by calculation of the times of respiration and divided into 4 states.Results and Conclusion The system is capable of low load dynamic monitoring of physiological parameters of a crew and evaluation of their state of life, contributing much to self-aid and buddy aid among the crew.

graduate from self-study examination of nursing,the quality evaluation scale for graduation thesis of undergraduate from serf-study examination of nursing was developed.Methods The quality evaluation scales,which involving the scale using for faculty advisers,the scale using for reviewing teachers and the scale using for thesis defense teachers,for graduation thesis of undergraduate from self-study examination of nursing were constructed by adopting literature method,and so on.The scales were evaluated by reliability analysis,validity analysis,correlation analysis and factor analysis.Results The scale using for faculty advisers included 5 first-level indicators and 16 second-level indicators.The scale using for reviewingteachers included 4 first-level indicators and 14 second-level indicators.The scale using for thesis defense teachers included 5 first-level indicators and 14 second-level indicators.Their content validity indexes were respectively 0.909,0.952 and 0.864.Their construct validity cumulative contribution rates of the dimensions factors were respectively 72.77％,66.19％ and 63.79％.Their internal consistency reliability coefficients Cronbach α were respectively 0.953,0.810 and 0.926.The correlations between each factor and total score were significant.Conclusions three evaluation scales have good reliability and validity,which could be used to evaluate graduation thesis quality of undergraduate from self-study examination of nursing.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of cigarette smoke promotes non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) NCI-H520 cell line proliferation mediated by macrophages with method of blocking NFκB-p65 pathway by RNAi.Methods To co-culture NCI-H520 cells with primary macrophages or U937 cell line,the Transwell Inserts system was used in cell co-culture model.NFκB activation was confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Western blot analysis.U937 cells were transfected with NFκB-p65 shRNA plasmid to abrogate the NFκB activation,by BrdU ELISA,the effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) promoted NCI-H520 cells proliferation were assessed,inflammatory factors TNF and IL-6 expressions were analysed by ELISA.Results Exposure of CSE enhanced NFκB-p65 nuclcus translocation and activated the NFκB pathway.CSE did not promote NCI-H520 cells proliferation alone (P ＞ 0.05),but after 4 days coincubation with macrophages,the proliferation of NCI-H520 cells was significantly increased (P ＜0.01),addition of CSE to the co-culture much more enhanced this effect (P ＜ 0.01).After NFκB-p65 was blocked by RNAi,it significantly reduced NFκB-p65 protein expression and inhibited NFκB activation in U937 p65-cells,and markedly inhibited U937 cells induced proliferation of NCI-H520 cells and IL-6,TNF secretion (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Cigarette smoke promotes NCI-H520 cells proliferation mediated by macrophages.Blockade of NFκB pathway with RNAi in macrophages can reduced cigarette smoke induced inflammatory factors secretion in macrophages,and significantly inhibit cigarette smoke promoted tumor proliferation.