With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective:In order to effectively educate students on tooth defect diseases and restoration techniques, the teaching and research team at the School of Stomatology of Qingdao University developed an integrated course operative dentistry. This course is specifically designed to align with the undergraduate curriculum reform requirements of "Three Early, Two Multiple and One Integration".Methods:The teaching practice of operative dentistry was conducted with the stomatology undergraduates of grade 2020 and 2021. The course group redesigned the curriculum by reorganizing teaching content, rebuilding teaching resources, reconstructing teaching mode, and reshaping the evaluation system. Evaluation of the curriculum design included test scores, satisfaction questionnaires, and teacher self-evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0 software, including independent sample t-tests for numerical variables and Fisher's exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for categorical variables. Results:Through the integrated course learning, 92.68% (38/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 97.44% (38/39) of the students of grade 2021 can basically or completely master various dental defect repair schemes and understand the importance of preserving natural tooth. 82.93% (34/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 100.00% (39/39) of the students of grade 2021 could basically or completely master the key points of various dental defect restorations.Conclusions:Through the practice of teaching, it has been confirmed that the integrated course of operative dentistry is beneficial to students' mastering the knowledge and skills of dental defect diseases and their restoration in a more comprehensive way, and is conducive to the cultivation of clinical thinking, hands-on ability and the patient-centered, comprehensive problem-solving thinking, which is in line with the guidance on the innovation and development of medical education.

Osteoporosis(OP) is a senile bone disease characterized by an imbalance between bone remodeling and bone formation. Targeting pathogenesis of kidney deficiency, spleen deficiency, and blood stasis, Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Decoction has a significant effect on the treatment of OP by tonifying kidney, invigorating spleen, and activating blood circulation. MicroRNA(miRNA) and the anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2-like protein 1(BCL2L1) are closely related to bone cell metabolism. Therefore, in this study, the binding of miR-140-5p to BCL2L1 was detected by dual luciferase assay and polymerase chain reaction(PCR). After silencing or overexpressing miR-140-5p, the apoptosis, autophagy, and osteogenic function of human fetal osteoblast cell line 1.19(HFOB1.19) were observed by flow cytometry and Western blot. Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Decoction-containing serum was prepared by intragastric administration of Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Decoction in rats. Different concentrations of Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Decoction-containing serum were used to treat HFOB1.19 with or without miR-140-5p mimic. The expression of osteogenic proteins in each group was observed, and the role of miR-140-5p/BCL2L1 in apoptosis and autophagy of HFOB1.19 was studied, along with the effect of Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Decoction on these processes. As indicated by the dual luciferase assay, miR-140-5p bound to BCL2L1. Flow cytometry and Western blot showed that miR-140-5p promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in HFOB1.19. After intervention with high, medium, and low doses of Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Decoction-medicated serum, compared with the miR-140-5p NC group, the expression of osteocalcin(OCN), osteopontin(OPN), Runt-related transcription factor 2(RUNX2), and transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1) decreased in the miR-140-5p mimic group, while the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP2) showed no significant difference under high-dose intervention. Therefore, miR-140-5p/BCL2L1 can promote apoptosis and inhibit autophagy in HFOB1.19. Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Decoction can affect the osteogenic effect of miR-140-5p through BMP2.
MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Autophagy/drug effects* ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Animals ; Cell Line ; bcl-X Protein/metabolism* ; Osteoblasts/metabolism* ; Rats ; Osteoporosis/physiopathology* ; Male ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Osteogenesis/drug effects*

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a novel surgical approach of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) with flap transfer, for treating chronic implant infections in bone tumor patients.Methods:A retrospective review was conducted on nine consecutive patients [6 males, 3 females; median age 35(27, 51) years, range 9-71] who underwent a modified procedure of DAIR plus flap transfer between November 2022 and January 2024. The cohort included six cases of chronic periprosthetic joint infection and three cases of chronic plate and screw infection. Tumor diagnoses included seven primary malignant tumors (osteosarcoma=5, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone=1, synovial sarcoma=1) and two bone metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. The procedure involved wide, radical debridement, meticulous removal of biofilm from implants and surrounding soft tissue, followed by the transfer of a well vascularized musculocutaneous flap to fully envelope the contaminated interface. Pre-operative clinicopathological data, surgical details, postoperative complications and infection recurrence were analyzed.Results:The median interval between initial implantation and debridement was 10.0(3.3, 14.8) months. Median follow-up after debridement was 15.9(15.4, 18.2) months. All nine surgeries were completed as planned: six musculocutaneous flaps, two fasciocutaneous flaps and one muscle-only flap. Implants were preserved in six patients; two required subsequent removal for recurrent infection, and one patient later underwent amputation for tumor recurrence. Infection-free implant survival at 3, 6 and 12 months was 88.9%, 87.5% and 87.5%, respectively. Major complications included one donor-site hematoma, one donor-site sensory deficit and one wound healing delay. All the complications were well management. Both reinfections occurred in proximal tibial prostheses, likely due to limited flap coverage options and local anatomical constraints.Conclusion:Although reinfections happened in two cases DAIR with flap transfer provides promising short-term infection control in patients with chronic implant-associated infections following bone tumor surgery.

Objective:To analyze the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening status and the resulting residual risk (RR) among blood donors across 17 provincial blood centers in China.Methods:This study used a cross-sectional study. Data on HIV infection markers per 100 000 first-time donors (FD) and repeat donors (RD) from January 2015 to December 2024 were extracted from the National Blood Establishment Performance Comparison Information Management System. Questionnaires were used to collect each center′s HIV screening strategy, algorithm, serological test (ST) kit manufacturers, gray-zone setting for ST, and nucleic acid test (NAT) modality, method, and platform. The incidence-window-period model was used to calculate the residual risk for first-time donors (RR FD), repeat donors (RR RD), and total donors (RR TD) at each center. Horizontal and vertical analysis of RR FD, RR RD, and RR TD across centers and years were performed. Results:All 17 centers applied the same HIV screening strategy which was two rounds of ST followed by one round of NAT. Eight of them operated a single screening algorithm, six employed two algorithms and three used three. Eleven centers used both imported and domestic ST kits, five relied on domestic ST kits only, and one used imported ST kits only, while four centers never set a grey zone for ST throughout the decade. For NAT modalities, eight centers adopted both individual nucleic acid test (ID-NAT) and minipool nucleic acid test (MP-NAT), eight used MP-NAT only and one used ID-NAT only. Seven centers combined transcription mediated amplification (TMA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), nine used PCR only and one used TMA only, and fourteen centers ran both imported and domestic NAT systems, two used imported systems only and one used a domestic system only. Over the ten-year period, the mean RR FD across the centers ranged from 2.22 to 12.33 per 10 6 person-years, RR RD from 0.83 to 3.29 per 10 6 person-years and RR TD from 1.59 to 9.29 per 10 6 person-years, with center Z4 consistently showing the lowest values for all three metrics and center U4 recording the highest RR FD and RR TD, while center D2 had the highest RR RD. In 2024 compared with 2015, eleven centers achieved a lower RR FD and ten centers achieved lower RR RD and RR TD. The RR FD and RR TD of centers W2 and U4 displayed pronounced fluctuations and an upward trend in recent years. Conclusions:The 17 provincial blood centers maintain consistent HIV screening strategies, while demonstrating variations in screening algorithm, ST kit manufacturers, NAT modalities, methods, and platform. And the RR FD, RR RD, and RR TD differ across centers. Although most centers show declining trend in RR over the ten-year period, some centers exhibite data fluctuations with a rising trend, suggesting potential for further optimization of HIV screening protocols.

Objective To explore the effects and mechanism of Jianpi Shuyi Decoction in improving pancreatic fibrosis in chronic pancreatitis(CP)based on network pharmacology and animal experiments.Methods TCMSP was used to screen the active components and targets of Jianpi Shuyi Decoction.GeneCards was used to obtain the disease targets of pancreatic fibrosis,and the intersection of drug and disease targets was used to construct the protein interaction network and the drug-component-target network,and the core target genes were screened out.GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the intersecting targets.Caerulein was used to induce CP mouse model,and Jianpi Shuyi Decoction was given for gavage.HE and Sirius red staining were used to observe pancreatic tissue inflammation and collagen deposition,respectively.RT-qPCR was used to observe the mRNA expression levels of Acta2,COL1A1,PI3K and Akt1 in pancreatic tissue.Immunohistochemistry staining was used to observe the protein expression levels of α-SMA,COL-1,p-PI3K and p-Akt in pancreatic tissues.Results A total of 181 active components were screened from Jianpi Shuyi Decoction,corresponding to 284 targets,with 240 targets overlapping between drugs and disease and the core targets were PTGS2,HSP90AA1,etc.193 signaling pathways were obtained from KEGG pathway enrichment analysis,primarily involving lipids and atherosclerosis,chemical carcinogenic-receptor activation,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and others.The results of animal experiments showed that,compared with the normal group,the model group showed a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition in pancreatic tissue,the mRNA expression of Acta2,COL1A1,PI3K and Akt1 in pancreatic tissue significantly increased(P<0.01),and the protein expression of α-SMA,COL-1,p-PI3K,p-Akt significantly increased(P<0.01);Jianpi Shuyi Decoction significantly reduced the inflammation and collagen deposition in pancreas of mice,reduced the mRNA expression of Acta2,COL1A1,PI3K and Akt1(P<0.05),and attenuated the protein expression of α-SMA,COL-1,p-PI3K and p-Akt in pancreatic tissue(P<0.05).Conclusion Jianpi Shuyi Decoction may exert a therapeutic effect on CP pancreatic fibrosis by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,attenuating inflammation and collagen deposition in the pancreas,and reducing the levels of α-SMA and COL-1.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

Objective:In order to effectively educate students on tooth defect diseases and restoration techniques, the teaching and research team at the School of Stomatology of Qingdao University developed an integrated course operative dentistry. This course is specifically designed to align with the undergraduate curriculum reform requirements of "Three Early, Two Multiple and One Integration".Methods:The teaching practice of operative dentistry was conducted with the stomatology undergraduates of grade 2020 and 2021. The course group redesigned the curriculum by reorganizing teaching content, rebuilding teaching resources, reconstructing teaching mode, and reshaping the evaluation system. Evaluation of the curriculum design included test scores, satisfaction questionnaires, and teacher self-evaluation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0 software, including independent sample t-tests for numerical variables and Fisher's exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for categorical variables. Results:Through the integrated course learning, 92.68% (38/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 97.44% (38/39) of the students of grade 2021 can basically or completely master various dental defect repair schemes and understand the importance of preserving natural tooth. 82.93% (34/41) of the students of grade 2020 and 100.00% (39/39) of the students of grade 2021 could basically or completely master the key points of various dental defect restorations.Conclusions:Through the practice of teaching, it has been confirmed that the integrated course of operative dentistry is beneficial to students' mastering the knowledge and skills of dental defect diseases and their restoration in a more comprehensive way, and is conducive to the cultivation of clinical thinking, hands-on ability and the patient-centered, comprehensive problem-solving thinking, which is in line with the guidance on the innovation and development of medical education.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a novel surgical approach of debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) with flap transfer, for treating chronic implant infections in bone tumor patients.Methods:A retrospective review was conducted on nine consecutive patients [6 males, 3 females; median age 35(27, 51) years, range 9-71] who underwent a modified procedure of DAIR plus flap transfer between November 2022 and January 2024. The cohort included six cases of chronic periprosthetic joint infection and three cases of chronic plate and screw infection. Tumor diagnoses included seven primary malignant tumors (osteosarcoma=5, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone=1, synovial sarcoma=1) and two bone metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. The procedure involved wide, radical debridement, meticulous removal of biofilm from implants and surrounding soft tissue, followed by the transfer of a well vascularized musculocutaneous flap to fully envelope the contaminated interface. Pre-operative clinicopathological data, surgical details, postoperative complications and infection recurrence were analyzed.Results:The median interval between initial implantation and debridement was 10.0(3.3, 14.8) months. Median follow-up after debridement was 15.9(15.4, 18.2) months. All nine surgeries were completed as planned: six musculocutaneous flaps, two fasciocutaneous flaps and one muscle-only flap. Implants were preserved in six patients; two required subsequent removal for recurrent infection, and one patient later underwent amputation for tumor recurrence. Infection-free implant survival at 3, 6 and 12 months was 88.9%, 87.5% and 87.5%, respectively. Major complications included one donor-site hematoma, one donor-site sensory deficit and one wound healing delay. All the complications were well management. Both reinfections occurred in proximal tibial prostheses, likely due to limited flap coverage options and local anatomical constraints.Conclusion:Although reinfections happened in two cases DAIR with flap transfer provides promising short-term infection control in patients with chronic implant-associated infections following bone tumor surgery.