Objective To analyze the prognosis of 225 patients according with clinical staging of esophageal carcinoma treated with non-surgical methods, and investigate the practicality and predictive value of the clinical staging. Methods From March 2001 to July 2007, 225 patients with esophageal carcinoma received 3DCRT treatment. The prescribed doses were ranged from 5000 -7000 cGy with the median dose of 6400 cGy, 25 patients received accelerative radiation of 300 cGy per fraction after conventional radiotherapy of 3000 -4000 cGy, 57 patients received concurrent chemotherapy with or without consolidation chemotherapy. All the patients were divided into subgroups of different T stages, different N stages and different TNM stages. Local control rates, survival rates were observed and Cox regression analysis were performed to search valuable prognostic factors. Results The following-up rate was 99. 6%. The 3-and 5-years following-up number were 116 and 33 patients, respectively. The 1 -,3-,and 5-year local control rates were 77. 2% ,48.2% and 34. 5%, respectively. The 1-,3-,and 5-year overall survival rates were 68.4% ,33.7% and 20. 8%, respectively. The median survival time was 20 months. There were significant difference between survival curves for T1-4 stages, N0-2 stages and Ⅰ - Ⅲ stages with x2 value of 13.07,20. 49 and 17.16, with P value of 0. 004,0. 000 and 0. 000, respectively. For the group of stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 89.4% ,56. 1% ,and 37.8% ;69.6% ,32. 4% ,and 18.0%and 47. 2%, 19. 5%, and 13. 0%, respectively. According to the result of Cox regression analysis, the tumor length of CT scan, clinical N stage, short term restlt were most valuable predictive factors.Conclusions The clinical staging of esophageal carcinoma treated with non-surgical methods could predict the prognosis accurately, clinical N stage may have more closely association with prognosis, however, some details of the staging program need more consummate.

To discuss the ethical factors influencing the standard diagnosis and treatment of sexual transmitted diseases(STDs) on special population including senile patients,pregnant and lying-in women and children.The senile patients with STDs had a decline of physiological function and might have foundational diseases,some of these patients had the psychological characteristics such as unclear talk,uncertain memory,stronger self-esteem,and had a decline of life quality.Therefore hte main ethical measures during the senile patients with STDs should include considering the pathophysiological and psychological characteristics,adopting individual diagnosis and treatment,making the skill of inquiring and physical examination,and attaching importance to the improvement of life quality.The main ethical measures during the pregnant and lying-in women with STDs should include attaching importance to the marriage examination and pregnant examination,finding potential STDs as soon as possible,and weighing potential medical risk.The main ethical measures during the children with STDs should include paying attention to the infection of family members or sex-aggression,making the protective medicine,doing well the propaganda and education,and making the children away from STDs.

Objective To explore the effect of bergamots volatile oil on relieving cough,asthma and eliminating phlegm in asthmatic rats and guinea-pig.Methods Bergamot essential oil was extracted by steam distillation,and the experimental guinea-pigs and mice were divi-ded into 3 groups with high,moderate and low doses of bergamot essential oil respectively(1.080,0.540,0.108 g?kg-1for guinea pig,1.753,0.877,0.175 g?kg-1 for mice).The other group were pre-treated with normal saline as model control group,and animals were fed with acute-brochisis-syrup,aminophylline,and xianzhuli oral-liquid as positive drug control groups.After the medication,the guinea pigs were sprayed with citric acid or histamine in a confined glass to induce cough or asthma,while the latent period of cough or asthma attack was detected.The mice were injected phenol red solution through the abdominal cavity,and the tracheal phenol red secretion volume was measured.Results The latent period of cough in high,moderate and low dose of bergamot volatile oil groups and acute-brochisis-syrup group were significantly longer than that of the model control group(Pa

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methylation levels of death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) in Uyghur female patients with different cervical lesions in Xinjiang, and to discuss the relationship of the expression and significance of DAPK in normal cervix, chronic cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CINI, CIN II/III) and invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

METHODS30 cases of normal cervix and chronic cervicitis, 30 cases of CINI, 30 cases of CINII/III and 30 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were tested by methylation specific PCR (MSP). Expressions of DAPK in 30 cases of normal cervix and chronic cervicitis, 30 cases of CINI, 30 cases of CINII/III and 30 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma were assayed using immunohistochemical SP staining.

RESULTSThe methylation rate of DAPK gene in normal cervix and chronic cervicitis was 3.33%, 10% in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CINI, 36.7% in CINII/III, and 63.3% in invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The methylation rate of DAPK in the SCC group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). Aberrant promoter methylation of the DAPK gene was positively correlated with the degree of cervical lesions. The positive rate of DAPK protein in normal cervix and chronic cervicitis was 93.3%, 83.3% in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia CINI, 60.0% in CINII/III, and 33.3% in invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of DAPK in the SCC group was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The positive rate of DAPK protein was negatively correlated with the degree of cervical lesions (r(s) = -0.603, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSMethylation of DAPK is involved in the cervical carcinogenesis and DAPK gene promoter methylation occurs in the early development of cervical cancer in Uyghur women in Xinjiang. Detection of DAPK gene methylation may provide a basis for use in early detection of cervical cancer. DAPK protein expression is decreasing even disappears along with the progression of cervical lesions.

Adult ; Aged ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; China ; ethnology ; DNA Methylation ; Death-Associated Protein Kinases ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Uterine Cervicitis ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo establish a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatorgraphy (RP-HPLC) method for detecting the dencichine in Panax notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

METHODDencichine was extracted with the borate buffer (pH 9. 18) and the clear supernatant was used for the derivatization. Pre-column derivatization was performed using 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate (FMOC) to form derivatives. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0. 05 mol x L( -1) NaH2 PO4 (48: 52) (pH adjusted to 7.4 with NaOH solution) in a flow rate of 1.0 mL m min(-1). The ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was set at 262 nm.

RESULTThe linearity was demonstrated over a wide range of concentration from 1.76 mg L(-1) to 352 mg x L(-1) for dencichine. The detection limit was determined to be 60 microg x L(-1). The derivative was stable and the derivatization agent did not influence the measurement of dencichine. The average recovery rate was 95. 3% and the relative standard derivation (RSD) was 1. 7%. The method was used to determine dencichine in different P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple, fast and sensitive, suitable for determining the dencichine in P. notoginseng extracts and drug preparations as well as for the study of the dencichine metabolism in vivo.

Amino Acids, Diamino ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Fluorenes ; chemistry ; Panax notoginseng ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results

Acyltransferases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; chemistry ; Animals ; Antifungal Agents ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Benzofurans ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Benzothiazoles ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Drug Design ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Fungi ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Imidazoles ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure

Objective To examine the distribution of bacterial species and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients.Methods A total of 355 bacterial strains were isolated from febrile neutropenic patients in Shanghai General Hospital from January 2005 to December 2012. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-Bauer method. The susceptibility testing results were analyzed according to CLSI 2014 breakpoints.Results Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 70.4% of the 355 isolates, while gram-positive organisms accounted for 29.6%. The most common bacterial species werePseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Stenotrophomonas maltophiliaand Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Non-fermentative bacteria accounted for 53.2% of all the gram-negative bacterial isolates. All theEnterococcus and
Staphylococcus isolates were susceptible to linezolid, vancomycin and teicoplanin. All theStaphylococcus strains were resistant to methicillin.P. aeruginosa isolates were relatively more susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam, piperacillin-tazobactam and cefepime (>70%) than imipenem (40.8%) and meropenem (59.2%). All theK. pneumoniae isolates were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem and more than 70% of the isolates were susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam, amikacin. More than 80% of theA. baumannii isolates were susceptible to carbapenems, cefoperazone-sulbactam, amikacin, ciprolfoxacin and aminoglycosides. All the E. coli isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and more than 70% were susceptible to cefoperazone-sulbactam and ceftazidime. More than 90% of theS. maltophilia strains were sensitive to levolfoxacin, minocycline, cefoperazone-sulbactam and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.Conclusions Our data suggest that gram-negative bacteria, especiallyEnterobacteriaceae and non-fermentative bacteria, are still the primary pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients. Antimicrobial resistant strains are prevalent. Such data of bacterial species and antimicrobial susceptibility proifle of pathogens in febrile neutropenic patients are useful for empirical antimicrobial therapy of such infections.

BACKGROUND: Increasing studies have shown that cell-sheet engineering is a more promising method for the treatment of myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE: To construct sandwich-like myocardial cell sheets with electrospun chitosan-collagen membrane as support membrane and with adipose-derived stem cells as seed cells. METHODS: In this study, we prepared electrospun chitosan-collagen membranes at different mass ratio (7:3, 5:5) as a support membrane. Adipose-derived stem cells at passage 4 that were cultured in a thermo-sensitive petri dish for 3 days were seeded onto the two kinds of electrospun membranes at 20 ℃ for 15 minutes until the cell sheets rolled up. Then, the electrospun membranes and cell sheets with the cell layers facing up were placed together onto another thermo-sensitive petri dish in which adipose-derived stem cells were confluent completely. After 30 minutes of culture, the cell sheets were cultured in myocardial cell medium. Two weeks later, cell morphology was observed using multi-photon microscopy. Immunocytochemistry, western blot and flow cytometry were used to detect the expression of TnI and Cx43 in the myocardium. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect cardiomyocyte-specific gene expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From the results of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and propidium iodide (PI) staining, we could found that ADSCs grew easily on the chitosan-collagen (5:5) membrane, and there were more dead cells on the chitosan-collagen (7:3) membrane than on the chitosan-collagen (5:5) membrane. After 2 weeks of differentiation with the myocardial cell medium, higher troponin I and Cx43 protein expressions were observed on the chitosan-collagen (5:5) membrane (P＜0.05). Moreover, the mRNA levels of α-skA, β-MHC, TnI, Cx43, ANP, GATA-4 and Nkx2.5 were higher in the chitosan-collagen (5:5) membrane group than the chitosan-collagen (7:3) membrane group. All these results indicate that the chitosan-collagen (5:5) membrane is better for the growth and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells, as well as for sandwich-like cell-sheet construction.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and severe infection.

METHODSA patient with SAA and pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia was treated with PBSCT from an HLA-identical sibling with cyclophosphamide (CY) and total body irradiation (TBI) for conditioning. The patient was infused with 20.3 x 10(8)/kg mononuclear cells including 61.0 x 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells following the conditioning regimen.

RESULTSTwelve days after PBSCT, the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 1.0 x 10(9)/L was achieved, with platelet count > 50 x 10(9)/L at twenty days. The donor origin of engraftment was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of short tandem repeats at the end of the first, sixth and twelfth month. The patient's body temperature dropped to normal level when her ANC reached 0.5 x 10(9)/L on day 10, and the bacterial culture of blood sample became negative subsequently. Symptoms and signs of acute or chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) were not observed in 30 months after PBSCT.

CONCLUSIONSHematopoiesis was reconstituted shortly after PBSCT. The combination of CY and TBI and the infusion of sufficient peripheral blood stem cells may contribute to the successful engraftment. PBSCT may be considered as the first choice when hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is needed for SAA patients complicated with severe infection.

Adult ; Anemia, Aplastic ; immunology ; therapy ; Bacteremia ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Prognosis ; Pseudomonas Infections ; complications ; Transplantation, Homologous ; immunology

Sulfur fumigation, which is traditional method for preservation, pest control, insecticide and sterilization, has long been widely used in processing and storage and played a positive role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). As some businesses sided pursuit of profit, abused and repeated use of sulfur fumigation, have resulted in a large number of harmful residues, such as sulf dioxide (SO2) and harmful heavy metals, which brings a significant impact and danger on human health. This article summarizes the sulfur species and the sulfur fumigation methods and analyzes the harmful substances in TCM after sulfur fumigation, to provide a reference of the choice of species for the sulfur, the optimization of sulfur fumigation process and the standardized processing of TCM after sulfur fumigation.
Animals ; Drug Contamination ; Fumigation ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Safety ; Sulfur ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods