Objective To investigate the effect of Xingnaojing injection solution in treating severe burn patients with sepsis. Methods 41 cases of burn patients with sepsis were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group were intravenously injected 40ml/day Xingnaojing injection solution for 7 days. The control group received routine therapy. Bacteria counts in burn wound, the survival rate of the patients and the positive rate of blood culture in the both groups were determined and compared. Results The experimental group had significantly lower bacteria counts in burn wound compared with the control group, and the negative blood culture rate and patient's survival rate in the experimental group were also obviously higher than those in the control group (P

The current study to separate and identify constituents from Millettia nitida var. hirsutissima. The compounds from Millettia nitida var. hirsutissima were isolated by means of various chromatographic techniques such as column chromatography over ODS and Sephadex LH-20, preparative HPLC, and the structures of these isolated compounds were identified through spectroscopic analyses. Nine isoflavonoids and two flavans were isolated and identified as 5-O-methy genistein (1), 7-hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavone (2), ononin (3), catechin (4), formononetin (5), genistein (6), calycosin (7), (-)-gallocatechin (8), sissotrin (9), wistin (10), daidzin (11). Compounds 1, 2, 9 are obtained from the genus Millettia for the first time,and compounds 4, 8 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mass Spectrometry ; Millettia ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure

Objective To analyze the drug resistance status of mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with double immunization of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) by phage bioassay (PhaB),and to optimize the control strategy.Methods One hundred and twelve cases of HIV/TB infected patients.in Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital were treated with PhaB method,and the drug susceptibility testing results were compared with 208 cases of simple pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Results The anti-tuberculosis drug resistance rate of HIV/TB patients was lower than that of simple pulmonary tuberculosis patients.The resistance rates of 5 common anti-tuberculosis drugs in HIV/TB patients were 7.14％ of isoniazid (INH),7.14％ of pyrazinamide (PZA),5.36 ％ of rifampicin(RFP) streptomycin(SM),and 4.46 ％ of ethambutol (EMB),compared with simple pulmonary tuberculosis(resistance rates of RFP were 17.31％,IN H 13.46 ％,PZA 11.54 ％,EMB 10.58 ％,SM 9.62 ％),RFP resistance rate of HIV/TB infected patients was lower(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between two groups in the other four anti-tuberculosis drug(P＞0.05).The coincidence rate with the absolute concentration method were INH 96.4％,RFP 98.2％,PZA 96.4％,EMB 93.8％ and SM 96.4％,respectively.Conclusion The resistance rate of mycobacterium tuberculosis to RFP in patients with HIV/TB infection in this region is lower than that in patients with common pulmonary tuberculosis,which is related to the good medication compliance of these patients.PhaB has the characteristic of fast,simple,without special equipment,it can be used as a rapid screening of mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance method.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of the combination of general anesthesia ( GA) and single-shot bilateral thoracic paravertebral block ( TPVB) by ropivacaine in the patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery ( OPCAB) . Methods Forty patients with coronary heart disease scheduled for elective OPCAB surgery were randomly divided into two groups:general anesthesia group (group A, n=20) and general anesthesia combined with bilateral thoracic paravertebral block group (group B, n=20). The frequency of hemodynamic abnormalities and dosage of vasoactive drugs during the period of operation were recorded. Meanwhile, other reference data were recorded, such as the consumption of sufentanil during operation and postoperative analgesia, the time of endotracheal tube retention and intensive care unit ( ICU) stay. Results Two cases were excluded from the study in group B for failure block. Compared with group A, the frequency of hypertension and the amount of nicardipine was lower during operation in group B (P<0. 05), the consumption of sufentanil was less both during operation (P<0. 01) and postoperative analgesia (P<0. 05). Moreover, the time of tracheal tube retention and ICU stay were shorter in group B (P<0. 05). Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that GA combined with single-shot TPVB is superior to GA alone in improving haemodynamic stability in patients undergoing OPCAB surgery. The combination therapy can also reduce the use of opiates and shorten the time of recovery.

Objective To explore the belongingness,name and clinical significance of a sort of osteal structure variation (OSV) posterior,outboard and superior to the ditch of vertebral artery of atlas.Methods 23 cases of OSV were collected among 426 patients underwent MSCT intracranial and cervical angiography with volume rendering technique (VRT)to notice the pier point,shape and direction of protuberance,and the relation and influence to the vertebral artery.Results The incidence of OSV was 5.40%(23/426) in which 31 sides were detected,and 1 5 cases in unilateral and 8 cases in bilateral.Simple type was showed at 1 9 sides,compound type at 12 sides with other ponticulus.According to the shape of the ponticulus,simple root was seen at 1 7 sides(13 inferior root and 4 lat-erial root),opposite beaked at 5 sides,complete type at 9 sides.OSV was located at posterior,outbord and superior to the ditch of vertebral artery of atlas and closed to the vertebral artery.The vertebral artery was influenced by OSV as following:in simple OSV vertebral artery stenosis was seen at 4 sides in which unite convulsion was showed at one side;in compound OSV vertebral artery ste-nosis was seen at 5 sides,in which unite convulsion was showed at 2 sides.Conclusion OSV is similar to ponticulus posticus(PP)and ponticulus lateralis(PL),and has similarly importance clinical significance,and should belong to the ponticulus of atlas,and to be named as ponticulus borderland(PB).

The practice and exploration of bilingual teaching for the course of microbiology has been made in order to improve the students foreign lingual level and to meet the higher requirement on tip-top person with the social development. As a result,bilingual teaching is welcome,and the teaching effect is so distinct that the aim was reached to either study the fundamental knowledge or enhance the English level.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the recent findings on the epidemiology of medically important, opportunistic invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in China and discuss the relevant social, economical reasons and medical factors.

DATA SOURCESWe performed a comprehensive search of both English and Chinese literatures of opportunistic IFIs from China up to April 2012.

STUDY SELECTIONRelevant literatures involving researches and cases/case series were identified, retrieved and reviewed.

RESULTSThe incidence of opportunistic IFIs in China was steadily increasing. The incidence and mortality of IFIs were different in patients with various underlying conditions/diseases, from 4.12% to 41.18% and 9.8% to 60.0%, respectively. Candida species, Aspergillus species and Cryptococcus neoformans species complex were the most frequent isolated pathogens. Other uncommon opportunistic IFIs were also been reported, including trichosporonosis, mucormycosis, hyalohyphomycosis (hyaline hyphomycetes) and phaeohyphomycosis (dematiaceous hyphomycetes). Reports of Chinese patients differed from those of many other countries as there were a higher number of patients without identifiable underlying diseases/conditions.

CONCLUSIONSBecause of the rapid economic development, changing population structure and a growing number of immunocompromised hosts with risk factors, today opportunistic IFIs in China have a significant impact on public health, associated with high morbidity/mortality and higher care costs. Now information related to the epidemiology of opportunistic IFIs in China is still sparse, so we need more organized groups of clinical scientists performing related researches to help the clinicians to obtain more accurate epidemiological characteristics.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mycoses ; epidemiology ; mortality ; Opportunistic Infections ; epidemiology ; mortality

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of autologous burn eschar as the coverage of microskin grafting in the repair of excised severe burn wounds.

METHODSTwelve severe burn patients underwent massive escharectomy during 3 to 7 post burn days (PBD), and autologous eschar instead of alloskin was employed as the coverage of microskin. The integrity of grafted eschar and survival of microskin grafts were observed at 1 to 6 weeks after operation. The wound healing rate in grafted area was determined at 6 post operation week (POW), and the wound healing time was recorded.

RESULTSThe autologous eschar in the grafted area were integral and attached tightly to the wound during the 1 to 2 POW and began to dry and detach from the burn wound with the microskin underneath growing and fusing at 3-4 POW. This process went on until the eschar was completely detached from the burn wound and the microskin fused in large areas, with some granulation wounds left at 5 and 6 POW. The wound healing rate at the 6 POW was (87 +/- 4)%. The average wound healing time of burn patients in this group was (56 +/- 8) days.

CONCLUSIONAutologous eschar could be used as a substitute for the alloskin for microskin grafting in excised burn wounds.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Burns ; surgery ; Feasibility Studies ; Female ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Male ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Skin Transplantation ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Wound Healing

BACKGROUNDInitially, Cryptococcus (C.) neoformans was previously divided into two varieties comprising C. neoformans var. neoformans and C. neoformans var. gattii. Currently, taxonomic studies defined C. neoformans as C. species complex, which contains C. neoformans var. neoformans (serotype D), the hybrid isolates (serotype AD), C. neoformans var. grubii (serotype A) and C. gattii (serotypes B and C). However, Liao and his team once isolated a unique C. gattii isolate, namely strain S8012 with unique phenotype from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a 43-year-old male patient in the Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and described as C. neoformans var. shanghaiensis in 1980s. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic background and polymorphism of Chinese clinical C. gattii isolates.

METHODSS8012 was analyzed as representative strain using the M13-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting pattern and multilocus sequence analysis including internal transcribed spacers of rDNA (ITS region), the intergenic spacer 1 regions (IGS1), RPB1, RPB2, CNLAC1, and TEF1 genes.

RESULTSThe PCR fingerprinting pattern results showed strain S8012 belonged to molecular types VGI, and phylogenetic analysis suggested strain S8012 was grouped into the cluster of C. gattii environmental isolates originated from Eucalyptus camaldulensis trees in Australia.

CONCLUSIONC. gattii isolates from Chinese patients expresses high polymorphism on the phenotype, and molecular type VGI isolates from China have a close genetic relationship with the C. gattii isolates from Australia.

Cryptococcus ; classification ; genetics ; Cryptococcus gattii ; classification ; genetics ; DNA, Fungal ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo study the alteration of thymus matrix lymphocyte generator (TSLP) and change of the Th factor in the course of disease development, and to analyze the curative effect of inhalation of Vitamin A (VA) with corticosteroid for the treatment of asthmatic pneumonia.

METHODSAsthmatic pneumonia models were prepared by challenging rats with inhalation of ovalbumin for 4 weeks, and rested for 1 week. The treatment with VA and corticosteroid inhalation for 1 week was followed. The rat thymus and lung specimen were examen by histochemical and immunofluorescence staining.

RESULTSAfter 4 - 5 weeks of stimulation, there were more TSLP-positive cells and alveolar macrophages (AM) found in thymus and lung tissue of asthmatic group, the cell proliferation in spleen and thymus was obvious, and blood Th factors elevated. The inflammation within the lung tissue aggravated gradually. In VA group, the expression of TSLP and Th2 factors were all lowered at the 4th week. The TSLP expression slightly increased at the 5th week, and the cell proliferation within T-cell zone of spleen and thymus was strong at first and weakened later. Alveolar microphages (AM) increased significantly and the inflammation in the lung subsided gradually at the 5th week. In the hormone group, TSLP and Th2 factors expression in both thymus and lung were decreased at the 5th week, while the cell proliferation in thymus and lung was gradually increased. The quantity of AM was decreased, whereas the inflammation of the lung was increased gradually at the 5th week.

CONCLUSIONDuring asthmatic period elevated TSLP expression was accompanied by Th2 type responses while VA and corticosteroid both suppressed TSLP and Th2 factors expression. VA alone promoted T lymphocyte proliferation as well as the antigen elimination function by AM, after ceasing the usage, the lung inflammation abated gradually. In contrast, after ceasing the use of corticosteroid, inflammation aggravated.

Administration, Inhalation ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Asthma ; complications ; Beclomethasone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vitamin A ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use