Objective: To study the anti-aging effect of polypeptides from Fructus Lycii(PFL) on D-galactose(D-gal) induced aging model mice and the possible mechanism. Methods: Sixty ICR mice were randomly divided nto normal control group, D-gal induced model group, PFL 200, 400 and 800 mg/(kg · d) groups and vitamin E(VitE) 100 mg/(kg · d) group. D-gal aging mouse model was established by cervicodorsal region subcutaneous injection with D-gal(10 mg/kg) once a day for five successive weeks. In the meantime, drugs were given by intragastric administration respectively n PFL and Vit E treatment groups. The effect of PFL on learning and memory ability of mice was observed. After 5 weeks, the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, malondialdehyde(MDA) content and telomerase activity in serum, heart, liver and brain tissues of mice were measured. Results: Compared with normal control group, for aging model mice, the weight increasement declined, the number of errors in step-down test increased, the SOD and tolemerase activities in serum heart, liver and brain tissues dropped, and the MDA content was raised, P<0.01. Compared with model group, for the mice in PFL and VitE treatment groups, the weight increasement rised(P<0.01), the error number in step-down test decreased(P<0.05), the SOD activity in serum, heart, liver and brain tissues enhanced, and the MDA content reduced (P<0.01). The telomerase activity in serum and heart of 400, 800 mg/(kg · d) PFL and VitE treatment groups also increased significantly than model group, while that in liver and brain did not change. Conclusion: PFL have anti-aging effect on D-gal induced aging mice, and the action mechanism is related to the increasement of SOD activity, the decreasement of MDA content in serum, heart, liver and brain of D-gal aging mice, and the increasement of telomerase activity in serum and heart.

To against the emergence of drug-resistent candidiasis, the studys of synergism of natural compounds combine with antifungal agents in vitro showed a continuous growth in recent years. The paper reviewed recent progresses to compare the synergetic effect by FICI method, and to conclude the synergetic mechanisms which have been confirmed as a reference for futher study.
Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Candida albicans ; drug effects ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

Objective To evaluate diagnostic value of pit pattern analysis on detection of early colorectal carcinoma. Methods 4176 patients were examined with colonoscopy and had the mucosal lesions stained with 0.4% indigo carmine, and part of them observed with magnifying endoscope and stereomicroscope, then compared the mucosal crypt patterns (the pit patterns Kudo classification) with pathologic diagnosis. Results There were 955 protruded and flat lesions on the large intestine mucosa in 752 patients, and among them there are 14 early cancers, 209 advanced cancers, 76Ⅱa、Ⅱb、Ⅱc、Ⅱa+Ⅱc lesions. We also found 43 laterally spreading tumors (LST) ranging from 16 to 110 mm in diameter, 2 for pit Ⅱ,18 for pit Ⅲ L, 19 for pit Ⅳ, 1 for pit Ⅴ A, 1 for Ⅴ N. The pit pattern of the most non neoplastic lesions was type Ⅰ or Ⅱ, which is about 85.4% (303/355), and the type of the adenomas was type Ⅲ or Ⅳ, about 86.0% (504/586). All the invasive carcinomas'pit patterns were type Ⅴ and there were 8 for type Ⅴ (2 Ⅴ A, 6Ⅴ N) among 14 early carcinomas. Conclusion Pit pattern analysis is a very important tool to determine the nature of lesions, which helps to decide the kinds of later therapeutic intervention.

Nosocomial infection (NI) is one of the most significant complications arising after open heart surgery,and leads to increased mortality,hospitalization time and health resource allocation.This study investigated the morbidity,mortality,and independent risk factors associated with NI following open heart surgery.We retrospectively surveyed the records of 1606 consecutive cardiovascular surgical patients to identify those that developed NI.The NI selection criteria were based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines.The term NI encompasses surgical site infection (SSI),central venous catheter-related infection (CVCRI),urinary tract infection (UTI),respiratory tract infection and pneumonia (RTIP),as well as other types of infections.Of 1606 cardiovascular surgery patients,125 developed NI (7.8％,125/1606).The rates of NI following surgery for congenital malformation,valve replacement,and coronary artery bypass graft were 2.6％ (15/587),5.5％ (26/473) and 13.6％ (32/236),respectively.The NI rate following surgical repair of aortic aneurysm or dissection was 16.8％ (52/310).Increased risk of NI was detected for patients with a prior preoperative stay ≥3 days (OR=2.11,95％ CI=1.39-3.20),diabetes (OR=2.00,95％=CI 1.26-3.20),length of surgery ≥6 h (OR=2.26,95％ CI=1.47-3.47),or postoperative cerebrovascular accident (OR=4.08,95％ CI=1.79-9.29).Greater attention should be paid toward compliance with ventilator and catheter regulations in order to decrease NI morbidity and mortality following cardiovascular procedures.

Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive process to an increased hemodynamic overload. However, the adaption may lead to the fragility of myocardium facing pathological stimuli. In the present study, experiments were designed to explore the susceptibility of hypertrophic myocardiocytes to apoptotic stimuli and the role of protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) during the transition from hypertrophy to apoptosis. Endothelin-1 (ET-1)-treated cardiomyocytes were used as model of cardiac hypertrophy. Angiotensin II (Ang II) was used as an apoptotic stimulus. Cell surface area was measured to determine the extent of hypertrophy. The apoptotic rate in cardiomyocytes was detected by Hoechst 33258. (1) Cell surface area was increased by 42.5% and 67.3% following 1 nmol/L and 10 nmol/L ET-1 treatment, respectively, as compared with serum-free cultured myocytes. So the mildly and moderately hypertrophic myocyte models were set up. (2) Apoptotic rates in serum-free cultured, mildly and moderately hypertrophic myocytes after Ang II treatment were (15.54+/-1.32) %, (20.65+/-1.40) % and (29.33+/-3.52) %, respectively. It is suggested that hypertrophic myocytes are more susceptive to apoptotic stimulus. (3) Rottlerin, a specific inhibitor of PKCdelta depressed apoptotic rates induced by Ang II to (15.88+/-2.25) % in mildly hypertrophic myocytes and to (15.01+/-1.37) % in moderately hypertrophic myocytes; but rottlerin did not affect apoptotic rate induced by Ang II in serum-free cultured myocytes. These results suggest that inhibition of PKCdelta can reduce Ang II-induced apoptosis of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and that PKCdelta is possibly involved in the apoptotic process of hypertrophic cardiomyocytes.
Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; physiology ; Cardiomegaly ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Cell Enlargement ; drug effects ; Endothelin-1 ; pharmacology ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; pathology ; Primary Cell Culture ; Protein Kinase C-delta ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 7 subunit (CHRNA7) gene and schizophrenia.

METHODSThe three polymorphisms rs2337980, rs1909884, rs883473 in CHRNA7 gene were detected based on PCR and polyacrylamide gel microarray in 129 schizophrenic trios. The results of genotyping were analyzed by haplotype relative risk analysis based on haplotype(HHRR), transmission disequilibrium test(TDT) and hyplotype analysis.

RESULTS(1)The HHRR analysis suggested that there was significant differences in rs2337980 allele frequencies between schizophrenia group and dummy control group(P= 0.017); (2)In TDT test, there may be transmission disequilibrium between rs2337980 and schizophrenia, the heterozygous parents excessively transferred the C allele to patients (P= 0.021); (3)The haplotype between rs2337980 and rs1909884 as well as the hyplotype among rs2337980, rs1909884 and rs883473 may have significant association with schizophrenia (global P= 0.034; global P= 0.027), the T-C and T-C-T hyplotype may have transmission disequilibrium with schizophrenia.

CONCLUSIONThere may be association between CHRNA7 gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia, the variant allele T in rs2337980 may have a protective effect to schizophrenia.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Receptors, Nicotinic ; genetics ; Schizophrenia ; genetics ; Young Adult ; alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor

Objective To study on the clinical application and value of double-balloon video en teroscopy in diagnosing small inlestinal bleeding. Methods Fifty-four cases with suspected small intestinal bleeding were subjected to double-balloon video enteroscopy, via the mouth and /or anus in 21, 20 and 13 cases respectively, the procedure was performed under X-ray monitoring. Results The positive rate of en-doscopy was 90. 7% , the findings were isolated or multi small intestinal ulcer 11 cases, Crhon' s disease 7 cases; chronic nonspecific inflammation 6 cases, entero-mesenchymoma 6 cases; high differentiated adeno-carcinoma 3 cases; polyps 2 cases, lymphoma 1 case, stero-pro-nematodiasis 2 cases, ancylostomiasis 2 cases, vascular deformity 2 cases ( 1 with active hemorrhage) , Michael diverticulosis 2 case, iliac polydivertic ulosis 1 case, ulcerative colonitis 1 case, duodenal stasis I case, duodenal ulcer 2 cases and essentially normal 5 cases. Complications related to the procedure never occurred. Conclusions The main causes of small intestinal bleeding are benign ulcers and tumor, as well as chronic inflammation. Parasitosis is the fourth cause. Diverticulosis and vascular deformity are the rare cause. But Michael diverticulosis is an important cause for the children with small intestinal bleeding., Double-balloon video enleroscopy is the most valuable method in diagnosing small intestinal diseases.

Background Qiang minority is minority groups of China with the special habits and customs and living condition. So whether the spectrum of disease and bacteria spectrum in conjunctiva are similar with Han nationality is worth paying attention. Objective Present survey was to obtain the data about bacterial species in conjunctival sac in Qiang minority population with the age 40 years old and more and the compare with matched Han nationality population. Methods This survey study was performed as the standardized training and protocol. A total of 212 eyes of 106 individuals from Qiang minority in Beichuan county and 640 eyes of 320 subjects from Han nationality in Mianyang city received questionnaire survey and ophthalmological examination. The secretion of the inferior palpebral conjunctival sac was embrocated and inoculated on blood plate for 48-72 hours. The bacteria was separated and identified. This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Sichuan Provicial People' s Hospital. Orally informed consent was obtained before the medical procedure. Results All the examinee finished the survey and examination with a good compliance. No significant difference was found in the demography between these two groups of population. The multiple bacterial positive rate in conjunctival sac was 59. 4% in Qiang minority and that of Han people was 66. 3% with a considerably difference between them (χ2 = 2. 27,P = 0. 13). The multiple bacterial species were simultaneously detected in 26.2% in Qiang minority population and 11.88% Han people, showing evidently difference (χ2 = 106. 40, P = 0. 00 ) . The positive rate of corynbaccterium in conjunctival sac of Qiang minority was statistically lower than that of Han people (20. 7% versus 45. 0% ,χ2 =31. 75 ,P = 0. 00) ,but there was no statistical difference in the positive rate of staphylococcus epidemics between two groups (χ2 = 1. 89 ,P = 0. 17). Conclusion The bacteria positive rate in conjunctiva sac is resemble in the population over 40 years in both the Qiang minority and Han nationality. The simple bacterial species is found in majority people in two groups of subjects. The positive rate of multiple bacterial strains coexistence is more in the Qiang minority. The bacterial strains is different between Qiang minority and Han nationality.

Objective To investigate the incidence and its main pathogenic bacteria infection status of food-borne diarrhea and analyze their influencing factors in Yunnan province from 2012 to 2016. Me thods 1743 cases of food-borne diarrhea were collected, which were supervised from 11 hospitals covering from 2012 to 2016 years in Yunnan province.We gathered and tested the biological samples. Meanwhile, we analyzed the main pathogenic bacteria and their influencing factors. Re s ults 65 positive strains samples were checked out in 1743 cases of food-borne diarrhea positive samples, the positive rate was 3.73％ (65/1743). Salmonella and Shigella strains were the main pathogenic bacteria, the main suspect food was meat and its products, as well as fruits and their products. In this study, Professions, methods of processing and clinical diagnosis were considered as the main factors of main pathogenic microbe detectable rates of food-borne diarrhea cases in Yunnan province. Conclus ion We should carry out public health education widespreadly in nursery, scattered children, farmers and migrant workers, students and other special crowds, provide intervention measures, attach great importance to food processing, reduce the possible contamination of food during processing, improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment and the recognization ability of food-borne diseases, and propose targeted prevention and control measures.Thus, food-borne disease can be prevented and controlled effectively.

OBJECTIVELamiophlomis rotata is a common wild herb in Tibetan traditional medicine with important medicinal and economic value. The paper examines the wild distributions, exploitation regime, and situations.

METHODA variety of research methods, such as literature survey, specimens inspection, market information collection in major Chinese herbal markets, questionnaire of herbalists and employers of local governments and institutions, and field quadrat survey and AcrGIS as well, have been used for this work.

RESULTTotal stock of wild resources of L. rotata is ranging from 3 713.49 tons to 6 896.56 tons (2 519-3 314 t in Qinghai, 490-1 414 t in Gansu, 641-1 167 t in Sichuan, and 422-999 t in Tibet, respectively), acceptable harvest quantity of the herb is ranging from 908-1 675 t per year, and actual harvest quantity is 2 520 t annually far beyond the acceptable harvest quantity.

CONCLUSIONHarvesting quantity of L. rotata is far more than that of acceptable, suggesting that utilization pattern of this wild resource plant is unsustainable. L. rotata seems to act as an indicating plant of degraded ecosystem of high-altitude grassland, shrub grassland, and wetland, and distributes in those degraded and degrading plateau ecosystems, and the plant is facing with pressure of ecological protection and wild resource population degradation. Wild population monitoring and standard cultivation are of importance for although they are far from implementation due to shortage of related basic studies.

China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Lamiaceae ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development