Objective To show the international protocols for blood pressure monitoring based on a real example. Methods The assessment process of international protocol that can be released by Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring of European Society of Hypertension was evaluated. Results 33 participants were selected, which all indexes in evaluation stage one and stage two of the indicators were detected through. The 95% consistency interval in difference between tested device and reference monitor was 10.65～-12.67 mmHg for systolic BP and 13.68～-14.03 mmHg for diastolic BP, and there were 7.1% (7/99) and 6.1% (6/99) of valid points out of the 95% consistency interval. Conclusion The measured automatic blood pressure in the normal environment, measuring accuracy and the standard with the control of mercury -type sphygmomanometer is coincident, so it can be recommended for home application.

Objective To compare blood pressures results measured by automated sphygmomanometer and standard mercury sphygmomanometer,and to investigate the application of measurements consistency evaluation method in accurate measurement of automated sphygmomanometer.Methods Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to estimate the reliability of repeated measurements,and Bland -Altman method was adopted to evaluate the consistency between automated sphygmomanometer and standard mercury sphygmomanometer.Meanwhile,the results were compared with protocol of European Society of Hypertension.Results The tested automated sphygmomanometer did not adapt to the criteria of European Society of Hypertension.The intraclass correlation coefficient of mercury sphygmomanometer was 0.937 for systolic blood pressure,0.849 for diastolic blood pressure.The intraclass correlation coefficient of tested sphygmomanometer was 0.944 for systolic blood pressure,0.929 for diastolic blood pressure.The 95% consistency interval was(-10.20 to 16.94)mmHg for systolic blood pressure and(-6.25 to 11.69)mmHg for diastolic blood pressure.Conclusion Normally,Bland-Altman method has the same judgment result with protocol of European Society of Hypertension.

Objective To explore the distribution of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene and MTHFR A1298C gene polymorphism among 1644 physical examinees in Taizhou region. Methods Fluorescence quantitative PCR method was used to detect MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C genotype in 1644 physical examinees from Taizhou Central Hospital from September 2016 to September 2017. According to the characteristics of gender, the distribution features of MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C genotype were described, and then were compared with data about the physical examinees in other cities in China. Results Among the 1644 physical examinees, MTHFR 677CC, 677CT and 677TT genotype frequency were 40.09％, 44.53％and 15.39％ respectively and MTHFR 677 allele frequency was 37.65％. MTHFR 1298AA, 1298AC and 1298CC genotype frequency were 65.69％, 30.47％ and 3.83％ respectively and MTHFR 1298 allele frequency was 19.07％. Statistical significance was found in genotype distribution of MTHFR C677T between males and females (P=0.036), and no statistical significance was found in genotype distribution of MTHFR A1298C between males and females (P=0.278) . As compared with the physical examinees in Henan, Wulumuqi and Beijing regions, there were statistically significance differences in the distribution of MTHFR C677T genotype and allele frequencies in Taizhou region (P <0.05) . Conclusion The distribution of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism among physical examinees in Taizhou region is affected by gender, and the results shows certain regional specificity.

PURPOSE: To describe the therapeutic effect and possibility of the ultra-early surgery for poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (Hunt-Hess grades IV - V). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine cases with intracranial aneurysms, demonstrated by computed tomographic angiography (CTA), were treated by ultra-early surgery under general anesthesia within 24 hours from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), 5 cases were treated within 6 hours and 4 cases in 6 - 24 hours. Preoperative Hunt-Hess grade: 6 cases were IV and 3 cases were V. The clinical outcome was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scores (GOS). RESULTS: In operation, difficult dissection occurred in 5 cases (55.6%), and rupture of aneurysm occurred and temporary obstructions were performed in 4 cases (44.4%). After clipping of aneurysm, 2 cases underwent V-P shunt because of hydrocephalus, pulmonary infection occurred in 3 cases, hypothalamus reaction accompanied with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 2 cases. The clinical outcome were favorable (GOS 4 - 5) in 4 cases (44.4%), dissatisfied (GOS 2 - 3) in 3 cases (33.3%), and dead (GOS 1) in 2 cases (22.2%) when patients departed from our hospital. CONCLUSION: The ultra-early surgery can avoid early rebleeding of intracranial aneurysm, therefore, should be considered in the treatment of Hunt-Hess grade IV-V intracranial aneurysms. The appliance of CTA can make it possible to use of ultra-early surgery and improve the therapeutic effect.
Adult ; Aged ; Cerebral Angiography ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm/pathology/*surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/pathology/*surgery

Purpose: Perinatal distress, especially depression, commonly occurs during pregnancy and the first year postpartum, but this medical condition are often undiagnosed and untreated. The present study explored how women with depressive symptoms during the perinatal period who had participated in a mindfulness course applied the training and perceived its effects. Methods: This descriptive qualitative study included 16 women with probable perinatal depression who had participated in an 8-week mindfulness-based childbirth and parenting program during their pregnancy and agreed to be interviewed. One-to-one in-depth interviews were conducted and recorded following the completion of the mindfulness course, approximately 1 month after childbirth. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using content analysis. Results: We proposed three themes and six subthemes relating to first-time mothers’ experiences during and after the group mindfulness-based intervention: learning to be aware of the body and mind (confronting awareness of physical change, managing negative feelings differently), building positive family relationships (strengthening the motherebaby bond, developing a satisfactory marital partnership), and overcoming ongoing challenges (conquering childbirth pain with confidence, accepting unexpected situations). Three main themes were generated to demonstrate how women experience the effects of mindfulness training. Conclusions Mindfulness-based interventions helped the participants develop insight into their mood and physical changes and accept their childbirth process. Therefore, mindfulness education programs can be incorporated into prenatal care to enhance the management of the depressive symptoms of perinatal women.

OBJECTIVETo build an experimental method to determine the content of puerarin in plasma, observe the effect of different combinations of traditional Chinese medicine preparation active parts on metabolism of puerarin in plasma of rats suffering cerebral ischemia attack after being orally administered the main active parts of Yangyin Tongnao granules.

METHODAbsorption of puerarin in plasma was extracted by acetonitrile. Using hydroxybenzoate as interior standard, methanol-0.5% acetic acid water solution as mobile phase, ODS C(18) chromatography column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) as stationary phase, puerarin was detected at 248 nm.

RESULTThere is a good linear relationship for puerarin in the range 0.025-3.2 microg x mL-1, RSD < 10%, and the average recovery is 97.6%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is sensitive, reliable, and can be well applied in this experiment. It can provide a method for determination of active components in TCM preparation in vitro. Different compatibility influences metabolism of components.

Alkaloids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Brain Ischemia ; blood ; Drug Combinations ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Flavones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Isoflavones ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pueraria ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of a 10-day sequential therapy which was made up of omeprazole, clarithromycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate and metronidazole for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in children.

METHODA total of 214 children with abdominal pain, who were confirmed to have Hp infection through endoscopy, biopsy, and Hp culture. The 214 cases were randomly divided into four groups. A 10-day sequential therapy group accepted omeprazole 0.8 - 1.0 mg/(kg·d) plus amoxicillin-clavulanate 50 mg/(kg·d) for five days and omeprazole 0.8 - 1.0 mg/(kg·d), clarithromycin 20 mg/(kg·d) and metronidazole 20 mg/(kg·d) for the remaining five days. The 7-day triple therapy group, 10-day triple therapy group and 14-day triple therapy group received omeprazole 0.8 - 1.0 mg/(kg·d), amoxicillin-clavulanate 50 mg/(kg·d) and clarithromycin 20 mg/(kg·d) for 7 days,10 days,14 days, respectively. All drugs were given twice daily. All these patients received (13)C urea breath test ((13)C-UBT) four weeks after the treatment.

RESULTFinally, 199 patients were followed up, and the total rate of loss to follow-up was 7.0% (15/214). Hp eradication rate was 85.2% and 90.2% in the 10-day sequential therapy group on intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses, 66.0% and 71.4% in the 7-day triple therapy group on ITT and PP analyses; 60.0% and 67.3% in 10-day triple therapy group on ITT and PP analyses, and 78.8% and 82.0% in patients who received the 10-day sequential regimen on ITT and PP analyses, respectively. By ITT analysis, there was significantly difference between the 10-day sequential therapy group and 7-day or 10-day triple therapy group (P < 0.05), while no significant difference was found between the 10-day sequential therapy group and 14-day triple therapy group (P > 0.05). The results of the ITT analysis and the PP analysis were the same. The four groups had neither significant difference in abdominal pain relief (P > 0.05) nor in incidence of adverse reactions (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe 10-day sequential regimen was significantly more effective than both 7-day triple regimen and 10-day triple regimen, while had the same eradication rate compared with the 14-day sequential therapy. But 10-day triple regimen to eradicate Hp infection in children had the advantages such as short course of treatment and better compliance.

Administration, Oral ; Adolescent ; Amoxicillin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Anti-Ulcer Agents ; administration & dosage ; Breath Tests ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clarithromycin ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; Helicobacter pylori ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Metronidazole ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Omeprazole ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Endoscopes ; Female ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo observe the influence of recombinant adenovirus-mediated PDE5-shRNAs on the free calcium level in rat penile smooth muscle cells and to explore the feasibility of gene therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED).

METHODSSmooth muscle cells of the rat corpus cavernosum were transfected with constructed rAd-rPDE5-shRNAs and then dyed with the calcium fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM at 24, 48 and 72 hours. The dynamic changes of the calcium fluorescence intensity were observed under the laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). The relative level of intracellular calcium was determined by fluorescence indexes.

RESULTSThe fluorescence indexes of calcium at 24, 48 and 72 hours were 829.3 +/- 7.8, 801.5 +/- 9.5 and 856.3 +/- 8.7 in the rAd-rPDES-shRNAs group, significantly lower than in the rAd-mock (1106.3 +/- 10.8, 1121.3 +/- 10.2 and 1058.5 +/- 12.1) and blank control group (1076.6 +/- 9.7, 1133.4 +/- 11.2 and 1104.3 +/- 10.5) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAdenovirus mediated shRNAs of the target PDE5 gene can significantly decrease the intracellular calcium level in the smooth muscle cells of the rat corpus cavernosum.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 ; metabolism ; Erectile Dysfunction ; therapy ; Gene Silencing ; Genetic Therapy ; Male ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; Penis ; cytology ; RNA, Small Interfering ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) small interfering RNA (siRNA) on cyclic guanosine monophosphatethe (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of human corpus cavernosum, and to provide laboratory evidence for the application of the RNA interference (RNAi) technique for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.

METHODSThe recombinant adenovirus rAd5-shRNA-PDE5A3 expressing three pairs of specific shRNA was constructed successfully. The smooth muscle cells of human corpus cavernosum were divided into an experimental, a negative control and a blank control group, and transfected respectively with rAd5-shRNA-PDE5A3, adenovirus rAd5-mock and phosphate buffered saline. The concentration of cGMP was measured by radioimmunoassay at 24, 48 and 72 hours after transfection, and the effect of rAd5-shRNA-PDE5A3 was detected on the cGMP in the smooth muscle cells of the corpus cavernosum.

RESULTSThe cGMP level in the smooth muscle cells of the corpus cavernosum was significantly higher in the rAd5-shRNA-PDE5A3 group than in the rAd5-mock control and blank control groups (P < 0.05), most significantly at 72 hours after transfection.

CONCLUSIONThe rAd5-shRNA-PDE5A3 can obviously increase the cGMP level in the smooth muscle cells of human corpus cavernosum, and enhance the inhibition of the PDE5 gene.

Adenoviridae ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 ; genetics ; Erectile Dysfunction ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Male ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; Penis ; cytology ; RNA, Small Interfering