This study aims to explore whether Naoxintong Capsules improve multiple cerebral infarctions and myocardial injury via promoting angiogenesis, thereby exerting a simultaneous treatment effect on both the brain and heart. Male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham-operated group, model group, high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose groups of Naoxintong Capsules(440, 220, and 110 mg·kg~(-1)), and nimodipine group(10.8 mg·kg~(-1)). Rat models of multiple cerebral infarctions were established by injecting autologous thrombus, and samples were collected and tested seven days after modeling. Evaluations included multiple cerebral infarction model assessments, neurological function scores, grip strength tests, and rotarod tests, so as to evaluate neuromotor functions. Morphological structures of brain and heart tissue were observed using hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, Nissl staining, and Masson staining. Network pharmacology was employed to screen the mechanisms of Naoxintong Capsules in improving multiple cerebral infarctions and myocardial injury. Neuronal and myocardial cell ultrastructures were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Apoptosis rate in brain neuronal cells was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) staining, and reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels in myocardial cells were measured. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1(CD31), antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki67(Ki67), hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34(CD34), and hypoxia inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) in brain and myocardial tissue. Western blot, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) were used to detect the expression of HIF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2), sarcoma(Src), basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF), angiopoietin-1(Ang-1), and TEK receptor tyrosine kinase(Tie-2). Compared with the model group, the medium-dose group of Naoxintong Capsules showed significantly lower neurological function scores, increased grip strength, and prolonged time on the rotarod. Pathological damage in brain and heart tissue was reduced, with increased and more orderly arranged mitochondria in neurons and cardiomyocytes. Apoptosis in brain neuronal cells was decreased, and ROS levels in cardiomyocytes were reduced. The microvascular density and endothelial cells of new blood vessels in brain and heart tissue increased, with increased overlapping regions of CD31 and Ki67 expression. The relative protein and mRNA expression levels of HIF-1α, VEGF, VEGFR2, Src, Ang-1, Tie-2, and bFGF were elevated in brain tissue and myocardial tissue. Naoxintong Capsules may improve multiple cerebral infarctions and myocardial injury by mediating HIF-1α/VEGF expression to promote angiogenesis.
Animals ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Cerebral Infarction/genetics* ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics* ; Capsules ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Humans ; Brain/metabolism* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Apoptosis/drug effects*

PURPOSE: The rate of complications among patients undergoing surgery has increased due to infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other variants of concern. However, Omicron has shown decreased pathogenicity, raising questions about the risk of postoperative complications among patients who are infected with this variant. This study aimed to investigate complications and related factors among patients with recent Omicron infection prior to undergoing orthopedic surgery. METHODS: A historical control study was conducted. Data were collected from all patients who underwent surgery during 2 distinct periods: (1) between Dec 12, 2022 and Jan 31, 2023 (COVID-19 positive group), (2) between Dec 12, 2021 and Jan 31, 2022 (COVID-19 negative control group). The patients were at least 18 years old. Patients who received conservative treatment after admission or had high-risk diseases or special circumstances (use of anticoagulants before surgery) were excluded from the study. The study outcomes were the total complication rate and related factors. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify related factors, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the impact of COVID-19 infection on complications. RESULTS: In the analysis, a total of 847 patients who underwent surgery were included, with 275 of these patients testing positive for COVID-19 and 572 testing negative. The COVID-19-positive group had a significantly higher rate of total complications (11.27%) than the control group (4.90%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for relevant factors, the OR was 3.08 (95% CI: 1.45-6.53). Patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 at 3-4 weeks (OR = 0.20 (95% CI: 0.06-0.59), p = 0.005), 5-6 weeks (OR = 0.16 (95% CI: 0.04-0.59), p = 0.010), or ≥7 weeks (OR = 0.26 (95% CI: 0.06-1.02), p = 0.069) prior to surgery had a lower risk of complications than those who were diagnosed at 0-2 weeks prior to surgery. Seven factors (age, indications for surgery, time of operation, time of COVID-19 diagnosis prior to surgery, C-reactive protein levels, alanine transaminase levels, and aspartate aminotransferase levels) were found to be associated with complications; thus, these factors were used to create a nomogram. CONCLUSION Omicron continues to be a significant factor in the incidence of postoperative complications among patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. By identifying the factors associated with these complications, we can determine the optimal surgical timing, provide more accurate prognostic information, and offer appropriate consultation for orthopedic surgery patients who have been infected with Omicron.
Humans ; COVID-19/complications* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications/epidemiology* ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Orthopedic Procedures/adverse effects* ; Aged ; Nomograms ; Adult ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of Erzhu Jiedu Decoction (EZJDD) Granules in treating mid-advanced hepatitis B virus-associated primary liver cancer (HBV-PLC) patients with Pi (Spleen)-deficiency and dampness-heat syndrome. METHODS: From January 2021 to June 2023, a cohort of 132 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group or a EZJDD group according to the random numbers, with 66 patients in each group. The patients in the control group received conventional treatment for 3 months, followed by a 3-month follow-up. In addition to the conventional treatment, patients in the EZJDD group were administered EZJDD Granules (10.9 g/pack, 2 packs twice per day) orally for same duration. Progression-free survival (PFS) as primary outcome was evaluated by Kaplan Meier method. Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores were used to assess the quality of life in two groups before and after treatment, and survival rates were determined as well. The efficacy of Chinese medicine syndrome was calculated with Nimodipine method. Liver function, tumor indicators and T lymphocyte subsets were measured, respectively. Safety indicators were recorded and assessed. RESULTS: Of the 116 patients who completed the study, 57 were in the control group and 59 in the EZJDD group. The median PFS was 3.53 months (106 days) in the EZJDD group compared to 2.33 months (70 days) in the control group (P=0.005). Six-month survival rate was 52.63% (30/57) in the control group and 69.49% (41/59) in the EZJDD group (P=0.039). The median KPS score in the EZJDD group [70(63, 90)] was higher than that in the control group [70(60, 80)] (P=0.013). The total effective rate of CM syndrome was 52.63% (30/57) in the control group and 77.97% (46/59) in the EZJDD group (P=0.005). The levels of alpha fetoprotein, alpha fetoprotein-L3, alpha-L-fucosidase and protein induced by Vitamin K absence or antagonist- II in the EZJDD group increased less than the control group (P>0.05). CD8⁺ levels were decreased, while CD3⁺ and CD4⁺ levels, as well as CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio were significantly increased in the EZZJD group (P<0.05). No treatment-related adverse reactions were observed during the study. CONCLUSION EZJDD Granules significantly prolonged the median PFS and improved 6-month survival rate in patients with mid-advanced HBV-PLC (Registration No. ChiCTR2200056922).
Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Liver Neoplasms/complications* ; Hepatitis B virus/physiology* ; Hepatitis B/complications* ; Treatment Outcome ; Adult ; Spleen/drug effects* ; Quality of Life ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Aged ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of anti-colorectal cancer growth and metastasis-related effects of Astraga-lus mongholicus Bunge-Curcuma aromatica-Paridis Rhizoma(Qi-Zhu-Zao)pairing through PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway mediating endoplasmic reticulum stress.METHODS Twenty-four BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group,model group,5-FU(5-fluorouracil)group(25 mg·kg-1),and Qi-Zhu-Zao high dose group(5.85 g·kg-1),Qi-Zhu-Zao low dose group(2.925 g·kg-1)(n=6)to construct a mouse model of colorectal cancer in situ transplantation tumor,and the inter-vention effect of Qi-Zhu-Zao combination on tumor growth was assessed by the change of tumor volume size after 15 days of administra-tion;the intervention effect of Qi-Zhu-Zao combination on tumor growth was assessed by H&E.Pathological staining was used to eval-uate the effect of Qi-Zhu-Zao combination on the liver and tumor tissues of mice.The changes of MDA,SOD and GSH-Px levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the expression of PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway and EMT-related proteins were detected by protein immunoblotting(Western blot).RESULTS Compared with the model group,the tumor volume was significantly reduced(P＜0.000 1),liver and spleen metastases were less pronounced in the Qi-Zhu-Zao high-dose group,and his-topathological staining results of liver tissue and tumor produced changes in oxidative stress indicators SOD,MDA,and GSH-Px,up-regulation of ER stress-related proteins p-PERK,p-IF2α,and ATF4,etc.,upregulated the protein expression levels of E-Cadherin,downregulated N-Cadherin,Vimentin,and Snail,and inhibited the EMT process(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).CONCLUSION In this paper,we investigated the regulatory mechanism related to the inhibition of colorectal cancer growth and metastasis by the combination of Qi-Zhu-Zao trigonal medicine,and demonstrated that it may inhibit the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer by activating the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 pathway to induce sustained ER stress and affect the EMT process of colorectal cancer.

Objective:To investigate the effect of pre-treatment plasma Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)DNA copy number on the clinical features and prognosis of patients with adult secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis(sHLH).Methods:The clinical characteristics,survival rate,and prognostic factors of 171 patients with adult sHLH treated at Jiangsu Province Hospital from June 2017 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed in this study.Patients were divided into three groups,including the EBV DNA-negative group(＜5.0 × 102 copies/ml),lower EBV-DNA loads group(5.0 × 102-8.51 × 104 copies/ml),and higher EBV-DNA loads group(＞8.51 × 104 copies/ml),according to pre-treatment plasma EBV-DNA copy number.Cox regression model was established for screening prognostic factors.Adult sHLH survival prediction model was constructed and realized through the nomogram based on EBV-DNA load after adjusted the factors affecting survival of etiology and treatment strategy.Concordance index(C-index)and calibration curves were calculated to verify model predictive and discriminatory capacity.Results:Among 171 adult sHLH patients,84 patients were not infected with EBV(EBV DNA-negative group),and 87 with EBV(EBV DNA-positive group,48 lower EBV-DNA loads group and 39 higher EBV-DNA loads group).Consistent elevations in the levels of liver enzymes(ALT and AST),LDH,TG,β2-microglobulin and ferritin across the increasing of EBV-DNA load(all P＜0.05),while the levels of fibrinogen decrease(P＜0.001).The median follow-up time was 52 days(range 20-230 days),and 123 patients died.The overall survival(OS)rate of patients in EBV DNA-positive group was lower than that in EBV DNA-negative group(median OS:40 days vs 118 days,P＜0.001).Higher EBV-DNA loads had worse OS(median OS:24 days vs 45 days vs 118 days,P＜0.0001 for trend)compared to lower EBV-DNA loads and EBV DNA-negative group.Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that higher EBV-DNA loads(P=0.005),fibrinogen≤ 1.5 g/L(P=0.012),ferritin(P=0.041),associated lymphoma(P=0.002),and anti-tumor based strategy(P=0.001)were independent prognostic factors for OS.The C-indexes of 30 day,90 days,365 days survival rate were all greater than 0.8 of the nomogram model and calibration curves provided credibility to their predictive capability.Subgroup analysis showed that patients with higher EBV-DNA loads had a significantly worse prognosis in adult sHLH who were women,ferritin＞5 000 μg/L,β2-microglobulin＞7.4 mmol/L and regardless of age,etiologies,HScore points.Conclusion:The EBV-DNA load is a strong and independent predictor for survival in patients with sHLH.The prognostic nomogram based on EBV-DNA loads was dependable and provides a visual tool for evaluating the survival of adult sHLH.

ObjectiveTo explore the potential molecular mechanism of Qizhu Kang'ai Formula （芪术抗癌方， QZKAF） for the treatment of colorectal cancer （CRC）. MethodsNetwork pharmacology was used to analyze the active ingredients and targets of QZKAF for CRC， and analyze the key targets of QZKAF for the treatment of CRC by gene function annotation （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking was applied to predict the binding activity of the core active ingredients to the key targets. A orthotopic transplantation tumor mice model of CRC was established to validate the key targets of QZKAF for CRC obtained from network pharmacology analysis. Forty-eight mice were randomly divided into the sham operation group， the model group， the 5-fluorouracil （5-Fu） group， and the QZKAF low-， medium-， and high-dose groups， with 8 mice in each group. Except for the sham operation group， the remaining groups underwent colon cancer orthotopic transplantation tumor modeling. The 5-Fu group was given 30 mg/kg of 5-Fu by intraperitoneal injection once every 3 days on the alternate day after modeling， while the QZKAF low-， medium-， and high-dose groups were given 2.925， 5.85， and 11.7 g/（kg·d） of QZKAF by gastric gavage， respectively， and the sham-operation group and the model group were gavaged with 0.1 ml/10 g of normal saline every day， all for 21 days. The in situ tumors mass and the number of liver metastases were compared between the groups. The pathological changes of colon tumor tissues were observed by HE staining， and the protein expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 （PTPN1）， vinculin， integrin subunit αν， integrin subunit β3， and E-cadherin were detected in colon tumor tissues by Western blot. ResultsNetwork pharmacology screening yielded that the top six core active ingredients of QZKAF intervening in CRC were quercetin， kaempferol， apigenin， luteolin， baicalein and ursolic acid. There were 212 targets of action， and the ranked top three were prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 1 （PTGS1）， prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 （PTGS2）， and PTPN1， which may be the key targets of QZKAF in the treatment of CRC. These key targets were significantly enriched mainly in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K-Akt） signaling pathway， focal adhesion and adhesion junction. Molecular docking results： except for PTGS1 with better binding activity to quercetin， kaempferol， and apigenin （binding energy ≥-7.0 kcal/mol）， PTGS1 showed strong binding activity to lignans， baicalein， ursolic acid， as well as PTGS2 and PTPN1 to the six core active ingredients （binding energy ＜-7.0 kcal/mol）. Experimental validation results： the protein expression of PTPN1， vinculin， integrin subunit αν， integrin subunit β3 in the colon tumor tissues of mice in the model group significantly increased， and the expression of E-cadherin significantly decreased compared to those in the sham operation group （P＜0.05）. Compared to those in the model group， the mass of the in situ tumors was reduced， and the number of hepatic metastasis nodules decreased in the high- and medium-dose QZKAF groups （P＜0.05）； the expression levels of PTNP1， vinculin， integrin subunit αν， integrin subunit β3 and E-cadherin in all QZKAF groups and 5-Fu group showed different degrees of retracement， and the changes of the indicators in all QZKAF groups showed a certain degree of dose-dependence （P＜0.05）. HE staining showed that the nuclei of tumor cells in the model group were mostly schizophrenic， and there were different degrees of nuclear fragmentation of tumor cells in all QZKAF groups with more in the medium- and high-dose groups. ConclusionQZKAF could inhibit the growth of in situ tumors and liver metastasis of CRC. Its mechanism might be related to the regulation of tumor cell-cell and tumor cell-extracellular matrix adhesion by PTPN1.

Objective: To explore the characteristics and related factors of adolescent executive function, so as to provide theoretical basis for promoting the development of adolescent executive function. Methods: A total of 5 018 adolescents aged 13-18 from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi and Urumqi were selected by convenient cluster random sampling method from September to December 2022, and their basic information, family status, lifestyle behavior, physical fitness and executive function were investigated by questionnaire survey. Considering the heterogeneity between schools, a multilevel Logistic model was established to analyze the related factors of adolescent executive function. Results: The inhibitory function of high school students was better than that of middle school students (Z=-2.69). In terms of refreshment function, high school students were superior than middle school students (1-back:Z=-11.32; 2-back:Z=-11.36), and male students were superior than female students (2-back:Z=-2.18); in terms of shifting function, high school students were superior than middle school students (Z=-2.63), and boys were superior than girls (Z=-7.10)(P<0.05). The results of multilevel model analysis showed that the executive function of adolescents was clustered at the school level. At the individual level, junior high school refreshment function (1-back:β=56.94; 2-back:β=127.00), and shifting function (β=35.64) were worse than that of high school students; the refreshment function 2-back (β=-21.24) and shifting function (β=-28.42) of male students were better than those of female students; the refreshment function 2-back of nononly child was better than that of only child (β=-19.36); refreshment function of low fitness was worse than that of high fitness (β=37.35); the shifting function of the video screen time not up to standard was better than that of the standard (β=-14.30)(P<0.05). Conclusions The executive function of high school students is better than that of middle school students, the refreshment function and shifting function of boys are better than that of girls. Family environment, lifestyle and physical health are significant factors related to executive function of Chinese adolescents. By raising awareness of the major supporting and impeding factors for executive functioning in adolescents, it can help to develop effective intervention programs for adolescents.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To investigate clinical effect of tendons pulling,poking and kneading for the treatment of external humeral epicondylitis.Metods From January 2018 to December 2021,a multicenter randomized controlled study was per-formed to collect 192 patients with external humeral epicondylitis in Wangjing Hospital,Beijing Dianli Hospital,and Beijing Fengsheng Osteotraumatology Hospital,respectively,and they were divided into treatment group and control group by random number table method.There were 96 patients in treatment group,including 36 males and 60 females,aged from 28 to 60 years old with an average of(41.20±5.50)years old;the course of disease ranged from 1 to 14 days with an average of(5.24±1.35)days;they were treated once every other day for 2 weeks.There were 96 patients in control group,including 33 males and 63 females,aged from 26 to 60 years old with an average of(43.35±7.75)years old;the course of disease ranged from 1 to 14 days with an average of(5.86±1.48)days;they were treated with topical voltaalin combined with elbow joint fixation for 2 weeks.Visual analogue scale(VAS)and Hospital for Surgery Scoring System(HSS)elbow pronation and supination angles,wrist metacarpal flexion and dorsal extension angles,elbow tenderness between two groups were compared before treatment and at 1,3,5,7,11 and 13 days after treatment;Hospital for Surgery Scoring System 2(HSS2)was compared before treatment and the final treatment.Results All patients were followed up for 10 to 14 days with an average of(12±1.6)days.VAS between treatment group and control group before treatment were 6.83±1.36 and 6.79±1.58,respectively,and decreased to 1.49±1.09 and 2.11±1.81 after the final treatment.VAS of treatment group were significantly lower than those of control group at 1,3,5,7,9,11 and 13 days after treatment(P＜0.05).HSS between two groups were 61.73±11.00 and 36.47±12.45 before treatment,respectively,and increased to 94.42±5.9 and 91.44±9.11 at the final treatment.HSS of treatment group were signifi-cantly higher than those of control group at 1,3,5,7,9,11 and 13 days after treatment(P＜0.05).On the 5th day after treat-ment,the external and internal rotation angles of elbow in treatment group were(66.41±12.69)° and(66.35±13.54)°,while those in control group were(62.08±16.03)° and(61.77±16.35)°.On the 7th day after treatment,the external and internal ro-tation angles of elbow were(69.79±12.64)° and(70.02±13.55)° in treatment group,and(65.28±15.86)° and(65.09± 16.67)° in control group.Elbow joint motion in treatment group was higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).On the 5th day after treatment,angles of wrist dorsiflexion and palm flexion were(39.43±15.94)°and(46.68±11.10)° in treatment group,and(38.51±18.49)° and(44.27±13.58)° in control group.On the 7th day after treatment,angles of wrist dorsiflexion and palm flexion were(42.52±16.50)° and(49.23±10.96)° in treatment group,and(41.18±20.09)° and(46.64±14.63)° in control group.The motion of wrist joint in treatment group was higher than that in control group(P＜0.05).On the 13th day after treatment,HSS2 in treatment group 93.61±6.32 were higher than those in control group 92.06±7.94(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in elbow tenderness between two groups at each time point(P＞0.05).Conclusion Voltaren external treatment combined with elbow fixation and tendons pulling,poking and kneading could effectively improve symptoms of exter-nal humeral epicondylitis.Compared with voltaren external treatment,tendons pulling,poking and kneading has advantages of longer analgesic time and better elbow function recovery.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Broncho-Vaxom combined with physiological sea water nasal wash in the treatment of chronic rhinitis-rhinosinusitis in children. Methods A total of 179 children with chronic rhinitis-rhinosinusitis were randomly divided into observation group of 90 cases and control group of 89 cases. The observation group received treatment of oral administration of Broncho-Vaxom capsules at a dose of 3.5 mg once daily on an empty stomach in the morning for 10 consecutive days, with a 20-day drug-free period as one course of treatment, for a total of 3 courses. Additionally, they underwent nasal irrigation with physiological sea water twice daily in the morning and evening, for 10 consecutive days, with a 20-day break as one course of treatment, for a total of 3 courses. The control group underwent nasal irrigation with physiological sea water using the same method of the observation group. Both groups received symptomatic treatment such as anti-allergy therapy, and antibiotics were added when there presented obvious inflammatory changes. After treatment, the clinical total effective rate was compared between the two groups. Changes in the scores of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Lund-Kenndy scale for nasal endoscopy, as well as changes in serum IgG, IgE, and T lymphocyte subsets were also compared. A six-month follow-up was conducted to assess the recurrence rate and average number of episodes of rhinosinusitis (times per person). Results The clinical total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher compared to that in the control group(95.56% versus 86.52%). The scores of VAS and Lund-Kenndy scale in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group. Serum IgG levels in the observation group were increased and higher than those in the control group, while serum IgE level in the observation group was decreased and lower than that in the control group. After 3 courses of treatment, the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ in the blood of the observation group were increased, while the level of CD8⁺ was decreased. The six-month follow-up after treatment showed that the recurrence rate of rhinitis-rhinosinusitis in the observation group was 17.05%, with an average of 0.28 episodes per person, which was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The combination of Broncho-Vaxom and physiological sea water nasal wash is effective in treating chronic rhinitis-rhinosinusitis in children, and can increase serum IgG level, decrease serum IgE level, optimize the structure of T lymphocyte subsets, enhance immune resistance, and improve allergic constitution. The six-month follow-up of the treatment reduces recurrence rate and average number of episodes of rhinitis-rhinosinusitis.