Objective To explore the efficacy of low dosage of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine in the treatment of depression.Methods A 8-week study was conducted in 130 patients met the diagnostic criteria for de- pression.Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups:fluoxetine(20mg/d)alone and olanzapine(2.5～5 mg/d) plus fluoxetine(20mg/d).They were evaluated with Hamilton depression scale(HAMD).Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA)at baseline,the 1 week,2 weeks,4 weeks and 8 weeks subsequently.Results(1)There were significant differences in the total scores and reduction rates of HAMD between two groups in every interview.(2)The combi- nation group had greater reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms than that in fluoxetine group.(3)The re- sponse rate in combination group was higher than that of fluoxetine group in 1 week,2 weeks and 4 weeks.There were no significant differences in response and remission rate between combination group and fluoxetine group.Con- clusion The combination of olanzapine with fluoxetine demonstrated a rapid,effective antidepressant action.

Primary neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma of the parotid gland is a rare malignant tumor, the clinical diagnosis is difficult. This article report a primary parotid neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma which was initially diagnosed of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland and was operated, but recurred 2 years later. The artide discuss about the characteristic of this disease and review the relevant literatures.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effect of Liujunzi decoction combined with Zuojin pills in treating the radioactive duodenitis and their mechanism, and compare with clinical routine acid suppressants combined with mucous membrane protective preparations to study the mechanism of their efficacy.

METHODAccording to the study of Williams J P and characteristics of duodenitis, and by reference to the radiation enteritis modeling standard, we took the lead in establishing the mouse radioactive duodenal injury model. The model mice were randomly divided into the control group (n = 26), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group (n = 16) and the western medicine (oral administration with famotidine 0.5 mL + almagate suspension 0.3 mL per mouse, once a day) group (n = 16). After the standard administrating, such objective indexes as general condition, weight, changes in health score, pathology and expression of inflammatory factors were observed to evaluate the efficacy.

RESULTThe radioactive duodenitis model of mice was successfully established with 12 Gy. Mice in the control group suffered from weight loss, anorexia, low fluid intake, loose stools, and occasionally mucous bloody stool, poor spirit, dim fur, lack of exercise and arch back. Mice in drug intervention groups were generally better than those in the pure irradiation group. The IL-6, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha mRNA expressions in spleen and mesenteric lymph node tissues in TCM and western medicine groups showed a declining trend compared with the control group. Their concentrations in peripheral blood serum also slightly changed. The TCM group revealed notable advantage in reducing inflammatory factors. The microscopic observation showed that a better mucosa repair in intervention groups than the pure irradiation group. The improved Chiu's scoring method showed a statistical significance in the difference between TCM and western medicine groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONLiujunzi decoction combined with Zuojin pills could treat acute radiation enteritis, regulate organic immunity, and inhibit acute injury, promote local tissue repair, with the potential to resist such adverse effects as radiation intestinal fibrosis. The regulation of inflammatory factor release is one of efficacy generation mechanisms.

Animals ; Cobalt Radioisotopes ; adverse effects ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Duodenitis ; blood ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-1beta ; blood ; Interleukin-6 ; blood ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mucous Membrane ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Radiation Injuries, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

0.05). Conclusion The exon 8+488C/T polymorphism of Aiolos gene exists in this population of Han ethnics,however,it is not associated with bronchial asthma.

Objective To understand the status of knowledge and attitude of schistosomiasis control among the human populafion in schistosomiasis transmission-controlled area of Changqiu mountainous areas.Methods The subjects were selected by the random cluster sampling method among residents and students in these alias,then they were investigated by questionnaire.Resuits A total of 150 residents and 209 students were selected.There were 60% of the residents whose awareness rates of the knowledge on schistosomiasis control were above 90%.The correction rates of the questions in residents were between 99.30% and 100%.and the awareness rates about the questionswhether re-infection would occure after schistosomiasis was cured and the remedy for schistosomiasisof female adults were both 75.40%.The correction rates of the two question8 on attitude and behaviour of schistosomiasis control in adults were above 80.00%.In students'questionnaires.the awareness rates of knowledge on schistosomiasis control were above 90%.except the two questions on the shape of the snailand the infection-risk months of schistosomiasis.The correction rates of attitude and behaviour of schistosomiasis control were aslo above 80%.Conclusion The correction rates of knowledge,attitude and behaviour of schistosomiasis control of adults and students have reached the national goal of schistosomiasis control in 2008.

Objective To explore the application of hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the diagnosis of peripheral tumor cell infiltration of gliomas. Methods Forty patients with glioma were examined by 1H-MRS preoperation, and were divided into low grade glioma group (n=20) and high grade glioma group (n=20) according to postoperative pathological diagnosis. Tumor resection with peripheral tissues marked previously was carried out under the guidance of neuronavigator system. All the pathological sections were divided into positive group and negative group according to the presence or absence of tumor cells, and the differences in pathological findings of peripheral regions (region 1, 2 and 3) and 1H-MRS values were analyzed in these two groups. Results No infiltration was found in the peripheral regions of low grade glioma group except for one case in peripheral region 1, while infiltration was found in all peripheral regions of high grade glioma group. There was no significant difference in 1H-MRS values between positive group (n=24) and negative group (n=36) in patients with high grade glioma (P>0.05). Conclusion 1H-MRS enjoys some advantages over routine radiological examinations in the diagnosis of peripheral tumor cell infiltration of gliomas. Total removal can be expected when combined with neuronavigator system, while there is room for improvement for relevant techniques.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of intraperitoneal heparin on the adhesion of highly lung metastasic adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line (ACC-M) in lung.

METHODS3HTdR labeled ACC-M cells were injected by intravenous infusion after intraperitoneal injection with 200 units heparin. 4 mice of each group were killed at 2 h, 6 h and 18 h after infusion. The relative radioactivity (CPM) in lung and liver was detected.

RESULTS3H-activity per gram in lung of heparin group was lower than control at the same time. There was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). There was no difference between the two groups in liver (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe results of this study suggest that the highly lung metastasis characteristic of ACC-M may be partially inhabited by the use of intraperitoneal heparin.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Heparin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Injections, Intraperitoneal ; Liver ; drug effects ; pathology ; Lung ; drug effects ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Random Allocation ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; pathology

BACKGROUNDPrevious studies have compared single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) in detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The purpose of this study was to compare SPECT with EBCT in detection of CAD in patients with no MI.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-seven patients with suspected CAD underwent stress-rest (99)mTc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ((99)mTc-MIBI) myocardial SPECT, cardiac EBCT and coronary angiography (CAG) within one month. Of them, 73 patients (aged 52.6 +/- 10.6 years old) with no history of MI were included in this study. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) was defined as a CT value >or= 130 HU within the boundary of coronary artery on EBCT.

RESULTSThere were 35 and 38 patients with or without CAD according to CAG. Ninety-six percent of the patients with abnormal SPECT and CAC had a coronary arteries stenosis >or= 50%, and 90.9% patients with normal SPECT and EBCT showed no CAD. The sensitivity of SPECT and EBCT in detection of CAD was comparable, and the specificity of SPECT (92.1%) was significantly higher than that of EBCT (55.3%) (P < 0.005). For the detection of individual coronary artery stenosis, both sensitivity and specificity of SPECT (75.0% and 93.7%) were significantly higher than those of EBCT (53.3% and 76.7%) (P < 0.025 and P < 0.005, respectively). In patients without chest pain, the sensitivity and specificity of SPECT (76.9% and 91.4%) were significantly higher than those of EBCT (23.1% and 69.0%) in detection of a coronary artery stenosis of >or= 50% (P < 0.01 and P < 0.005, respectively). However, in patients with chest pain, both sensitivity and specificity of SPECT were comparable to those of EBCT. In patients or= 50% (P < 0.005), and the specificity of SPECT was comparable to that of EBCT. In patients > 45 years old, the specificity of SPECT (94.3%) was significantly higher than that of EBCT (70.5%) (P < 0.005), and the sensitivity of SPECT was comparable to that of EBCT.

CONCLUSION(99)mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT has higher accuracy than that of EBCT in detection of CAD in patients without MI.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Calcium ; blood ; Chest Pain ; diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; Coronary Vessels ; chemistry ; Heart ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo explore the association between polymorphism in the ACE I/D gene and blood pressure-lowering response to hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in 829 patients.

METHODSHCTZ 12.5 mg was taken once a day for six weeks. The blood pressure reduction and ratio reaching target blood pressure were compared in different ACE genotype groups.

RESULTSThe reduction in SBP of patients carrying DD was greater than that in other groups carrying II or ID (12.2 mmHg versus 5.4 mmHg, 12.2 mmHg versus 4.4 mmHg, respectively, P<0.05). The reduction in MAP of patients carrying DD was also greater than that in other groups carrying II or ID (6.9 mmHg versus 3.9 mmHg, 6.9 mmHg versus 3.6 mmHg, respectively, P<0.05). The ratio reaching target blood pressure in DD groups was significantly higher than that in II or ID groups (P<0.05). The pre-treatment SBP, DD genotype, aldosterone levels entered the multi-linear regression model significantly and might affect the reduction of SBP. The pre-treatment DBP, aldosterone levels, DD genotype entered the multi-linear regression model significantly and might affect the reduction of DBP. The pre-treatment MAP, DD genotype, aldosterone levels entered the multi-linear regression model significantly and might affect the reduction of MAP.

CONCLUSIONACE genotyping is associated with blood pressure-lowering response to HCTZ. Specific genotypes might be associated with the response to specific antihypertensive treatment.

Aged ; Alleles ; Antihypertensive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Hydrochlorothiazide ; therapeutic use ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; genetics

AIMTo investigate the roles of alpha1 and alpha2 receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the carotid baroreflex (CBR) resetting induced by the intracerebroventricular injection (ICV) of histamine (HA).

METHODSThe left and right carotid sinus regions were isolated from the systemic circulation in 25 Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. The intracarotid sinus pressure (ISP) was altered in a stepwise manner. ISP-mean arterial pressure (MAP) relationship curve and its characteristic parameters were constructed by fitting to the logistic function with five parameters. The changes in CBR performance induced by ICV HA and the effects of pretreatment with alpha1 or alpha2 receptor antagonist into the NTS on the responses of CBR to HA were examined.

RESULTSICV HA (60 micromol x L(-1) in 5 microl) significantly shifted the ISP-MAP relationship curve upwards (P < 0.05) and moved the middle part of ISP-Gain relationship curve downwards (P < 0.05), and reduced the MAP range and maximum gain (P < 0.05). The pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine (PBZ, a selective antagonist of alpha1 receptor, 3 micromol x L(-1) in 500 nl) or yohimbine (YOH, a selective antagonist of alpha2 receptor, 2.5 micromol x L(-1) in 500 nl) into the NTS could obviously intensify the above-mentioned changes in CBR performance induced by HA, but the intensive effect of PBZ was less remarkable than that of YOH (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe intracerebroventricular administration of HA results in a rapid resetting of CBR and a decrease in reflex sensitivity, and the functions of alpha1 and alpha2 receptors in the NTS might weaken CBR resetting induced by ICV HA. Furthermore, alpha2 receptor in the NTS might play an more important role in modulating the responses of CHR to HA.

Animals ; Baroreflex ; drug effects ; Blood Pressure ; Carotid Sinus ; drug effects ; Histamine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Solitary Nucleus ; drug effects ; physiology