OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of the DNA repair gene ERCC2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 on male idiopathic infertility in Ningxia, China.

METHODSUsing MassArray, we conducted a case-control study and genotyped three ERCC2 SNPs rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 for 351 males (aged 31.0 +/- 4.2 years) with idiopathic infertility and another 327 normal fertile men (aged 33.0 +/- 5.9 years) as controls.

RESULTSThe ERCC2 AnyG-anyA-anyA genotypes were significantly associated with an increased risk of idiopathic infertility (OR 0.414, 95% CI 0.176 - 0.970), while the three single ERCC2 SNPs rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 showed no significant differences between the cases and controls (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe ERCC2 SNPs rs13181, rs1618536, and rs1799793 play a role of interaction in male idiopathic infertility in Ningxia, contributing to the risk of the disease.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; DNA Repair ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein ; genetics

Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; pathology ; Renal Dialysis ; Sarcoidosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; pathology

OBJECTIVEWernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is an acute neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting from thiamine deficiency, which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The disorder is still greatly underdiagnosed in children because of either a relatively non-specific clinical presentation in some cases or unrecognized clinical setting. The aim of this literature review was to provide knowledge of pediatric WE in an effort to assist in early diagnosis, thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality.

METHODSThe clinical manifestations, characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diagnosis and treatment of one case and the other 35 cases reported in the last decade in children were summarized.

RESULTSThirty-six cases (22 boys and 14 girls, 2-month to 16-year-old) were analyzed. All the other 35 cases except for our case had underlying diseases: improper feeding in 25/35 cases, long-time vomiting in 5/35 cases, immunosuppressive therapy in 4/35 cases, long-time total parenteral nutrition without multivitamin preparations supplementation in 3/35 cases and anorexia nervosa in 1/35 case. The classic triad (mental-status changes, nystagmus and ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia) was seen in 6/36 cases. The other clinical manifestations included consciousness disturbance in 24/36 cases, infection in 22/36 cases, pathological reflex and muscular tension changes in 18/36 cases, convulsion in 17/36 cases, developmental delay in 4/36 cases and failure to thrive in 2/36 cases. Cerebrospinal fluid examination was performed in 31/36 cases, and a slightly raised protein concentration was seen in 7/31 cases. The cerebrospinal fluid lactate levels were detected in 4/36 cases (all increased), serum lactic acid levels in 7/36 cases (6/7 cases increased), serum pyruvate in 4/36 cases (all increased), thiamine pyrophosphate effect (TPPE) in 9/36 cases (all increased), and serum thiamine in 2/36 cases (increased in 1/2 cases). The brain computed tomography (CT) scan was conducted in 20/36 cases and 16/20 cases showed abnormal hypodensity in bilateral basal ganglia, one case revealed diffuse cortical atrophy. The brain MR scan was conducted in 13/36 cases and all the 13 cases revealed symmetrical abnormal signal in bilateral mamillary body and basal ganglia, and 7/13 cases showed abnormal signals in the tegmentum of midbrain, cerebral aqueduct and white matter around the third and fourth ventricles. The diagnosis of WE was confirmed by MR in 12 cases, triad combined with MR in 3 cases, autopsy in 1 case among the 13 cases who underwent MR scan. The diagnosis of WE was confirmed by the TPPE and/or lactate levels in 9/11 cases. The initial thiamine was given by intravenous or intramuscular infusion in 33/36 cases, unknown method in 1 case, orally in 1 case and no thiamine was used in 1 case. The dosage of thiamine was 100 mg daily in 29/35 cases, unknown in 3/35 cases, 50 mg daily in 2/35 cases, 600 mg daily in 1/35 case. 34/35 patients' clinical symptoms improved during 24 hours to 1 week after initial treatment, and 1 case died due to no response to thiamine. Nineteen patients were followed up for 2-2.5 months and 17 cases recovered completely.

CONCLUSIONWernicke's encephalopathy can be difficult to diagnose because of a relatively non-specific clinical presentation. The characteristic MRI findings and the dramatic response of neurological signs to parenteral thiamine will assist early clinical diagnosis. Early and timely thiamine supplementation could reverse the clinical features and improve the prognosis in most cases.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Sepsis ; complications ; Wernicke Encephalopathy ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective To study the effect and prognosis of percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) for pa- tients with coronary artery disease(CAD).Methods Selected coronary angiography was performed in 31 patients with CAD.PTCA and stent implantation were performed in the patients of coronary stenosis(≥75 % in diameter). The effect and prngnosis of coronary interventionary therapy in patients were observed.Results The results of coro- nary angiongraphy suggested there were 18 patiens of coronary stenosis(≥75 % in diameter),PTCA and stent im- plantation were performed in 13 patients.Symptom was relieved greatly after the operation.There were 2 patients of coronary stenosis again,and 5 patients died.Conclusion Selected coronary angiography was an effective way to di- agnose CHD.The coronery interventioned therapy was not only effective in relieving symptom,but also in improving the quality of life of patients with CAD.

OBJECTIVEThe exercise rehabilitation in patient with chronic heart failure (CHF) is standard clinical practice, but it is rare using CardioPulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) guide to prescribe exercise rehabilitation in China.

METHODSWe performed symptom limited maximal CPET in 10 patients with CHF, randomly divided into two groups: 5 patients as control without exercise and 5 exercise patients used Δ50%W intensity to exercise 30 min/d, 5 d/w, x12 w. Before and after 12 w rehabilitation, we evaluated functions.

RESULTSThere were no significant difference between two groups patients (P > 0.05). The exercise duration was increased from 8 min to 23 min after rehabilitation (P < 0.001); distance 6 minutes walking was increased from 394 m to 470 m (P < 0.05); score of Minnesota quality of life was decreased from 25 to 3 in exercise group (P < 0.01). However, there were nosignificant changes in control group (P>0.05) and their changes were smaller than those in exercise group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe CPET guiding exercise rehabilitation is safe and effective for patients with CHF.

China ; Chronic Disease ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Therapy ; Heart Failure ; therapy ; Humans ; Quality of Life ; Walking

Professor LUO Cai-gui's experience of acupuncture at acupoint "Baliao" with twisting manipulation for treatment of low back pain is introduced. This method has significant efficacy on improving low back pain and numbness of lower extremities, which is characterized with short-time manipulation, quick de-qi and long effective time. The acupuncture methods, manipulations, precautions, etc. are elaborated in details. A typical case is added.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chest contour deformities after harvesting of costal cartilage for total ear reconstruction, so as to prevent donor site morbidity.

METHODS107 cases of microtia who underwent ear reconstruction with costal cartilage during the period from 1994 to 2003, were retrospectively studied. Both the chest depression deformity and the costal arch deformity were evaluated. The possible related factors to the chest contour deformities were analyzed statistically with Stata software.

RESULTSThe incidence of chest depression was 54.55% (48/88), including 35 cases of mild depression (39.77%) and 13 cases of severe depression (14.77% ). The incidence of costal arch deformity was 52.77% (46/88), including 33 cases of mild deformity (37.50%) and 13 cases of severe deformity (14.77%). The incidence of both deformities was significantly different at different age (P < 0.01), but not at different follow-up period (P = 0.294 and P = 0.225, respectively). Gender was related to the incidence of chest depression (P < 0.01), but not to the costal arch contour deformity (P = 0.619). Comparing resection of the 6th and 7th rib cartilage with resection of 7th and 8th rib cartilage, the incidence of costal arch deformity was significantly different (P < 0.01), but the incidence of depression deformity was not (P = 0.657).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of chest deformities increases with early operation time (< 13 years old). The male patients have higher incidence of depression deformity than female. The arch deformity is higher when the 6th and 7th rib cartilage were resected. The follow-up period is not related to the chest deformities.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Ear, External ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; Ribs ; abnormalities ; transplantation ; Sex Factors ; Thorax ; abnormalities ; Young Adult

Objective Todiscussandestablishaquantitativesupervisionindexoffoodsafetyforlarge-scaleoutdoor activities,andtoprovidescientificbasisforthestudyofsupervisionsystemforfoodsafety.Methods Delphiexpert consultation method was used to establish the supervision index system of food safety for large-scale outdoor activities,and the weight of the indicators were determined.Indexes were screened based on 5 -point liker scale,and weight was determinedonthebasisofproportionmethod.Results Theaverageserviceyearofthe21expertswere21.52±9.05.The response rates were both 1 00% in two rounds of consultation,and the average authoritative coefficients were 0.78 ±0.03 and 0.79 ±0.03,respectively.Kendall's coefficient was 0.46 in the first round and 0.51 in the second round.The secondary indicators was 0.38 in the first round and 0.33 in second round (P <0.01 ).A total of 6 primary and 32 secondary indicators were identified and at the same time their weights were measured.The alert line was 75 .Conclusion Foodsafetyriskoflarge-scaleoutdooractivitieswassignificantlyhigherthanthatoflarge-scaleindooractivities.The study of quantitative supervision index system of food safety for large-scale outdoor is practical.It can provide scientific evidence and technical support for the supervision of food safety.

OBJECTIVETo describe the incidence trends and pathological characteristics of lung cancer in urban Beijing, China.

METHODSA total of 32 845 medical records of the residents diagnosed as lung cancer in urban Beijing from 1998 to 2007 were retrieved through the cancer registry system of Beijing Cancer Registry. Crude incidence rate, age-specific incidence rate, adjusted incidence rate by world standardized population, annual percentage change (APC) and histological categorized incidence rate by world standardized population were calculated in order to compare the differences of the incidence trends in different time periods, or among different gender and age groups.

RESULTSA total of 32 845 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients between 1998 and 2007 were included in our study. The crude incidence rate was 47.81/100 000 (32 845/68 704 429), increasing by 38.80% from 39.30/100 000 in 1998 to 54.55/100 000 in 2007 with APC at 3.35% in urban Beijing (Z = 9.984, P < 0.001). While it changed to 28.95/100 000 with an APC at 0.27% (Z = 0.846, P = 0.422) when adjusted by world standardized population. For male, the crude incidence rate was 58.28/100 000 (20 342/34 906 580, adjusted rate at 37.03/100 000, APC at 0.38%, Z = 1.008, P = 0.343); while for female, the crude incidence rate was 36.99/100 000 (12 503/33 797 849, adjusted rate at 21.48/100 000, APC at 0.14%, Z = 0.431, P = 0.678). 17 920 lung cancer patients being diagnosed according to histological evidence, accounted for 54.56%. The respective proportion of the patients with histological diagnosis was 43.14% (1095/2538) in 1998 and 65.55% (2641/4029) in 2007, with a 51.95% increase (χ(2) = 859.152, P < 0.001) in decade. In terms of subtypes of lung cancer, the proportion of squamous cell carcinoma decreased annually, from 30.41% (333/1095) in 1998 to 24.16% (638/2641) in 2007; while the proportion of adenocarcinoma increased from 42.83% (469/1095) to 46.80% (1236/2641). As a result, the squamous cell carcinoma to adenocarcinoma ratio declined from 0.71 (333/469) to 0.52 (638/1236) (χ(2) = 50.214, P < 0.001). For women, the ratio declined more significantly and the proportion of the squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma were 14.77% (925/6262) and 60.83% (3809/6262), respectively in the period between 1998 and 2007.

CONCLUSIONNo significant change was found in the incidence trend of lung cancer after the incidence rate adjusted by world standard population, but the proportion of the subtypes of lung cancer categorized by histological evaluation changed apparently.

Adenocarcinoma ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the sexual behavior types, condom use and influencing factors of gonorrhea patients in Yunnan Province, and to provide evidence for the adjustment of sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention and control strategy. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate gonorrhea patients in 14 STD clinics in 7 more prevalent prefectures (cities) of Yunnan Province. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the socio-demographic and sexual characteristics of the patients in a one-to-one way. Multiple Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of sexual behavior. Results A total of 179 cases of gonorrhea were investigated. The average age was (29.01±8.93) years old. 95.53% (171/179) patients were 40 years old and 88.27% were male patients (158/179). Unmarried patients accounted for 55.31% (99/179). Service and self-employed patients accounted for 34.64% (62/179) and 23.46% (42/179) respectively. The rate of sexual intercourse with opposite sex was 98.32% (176/179), the rate of men who have sex with men was 1.68% (3/179) and the rate of having more than two sexual partners was 27.93% (50/179). The rate of sexual intercourse between temporary partners, spouses/fixed partners and commercial partners were 53.07% (95/179), 37.99% (68/179) and 8.94% (16/179) respectively. Recent sexual activity had lower condom use rate, 17.89% (17/95), 19.12% (13/68) and 18.75% (3/16) respectively. The main ways for gonorrhea patients to make temporary partners were friend introductions or gatherings, accounting for 66.32% (63/95). Condom use in male patients was worse than that in female patients (OR=0.234, 95% CI: 0.084-0.656, P=0.006). Conclusions The patients with gonorrhea were mainly unmarried young adults. The main risk behaviors were unprotected behaviors between heterosexual temporary and spouse/fixed sexual partners. The condom use consciousness was generally low. The promotion of safe sex education for young adults should be further strengthened, with special attention to the use of condoms for temporary sexual behavior and spouse/fixed sexual intercourse.