Objective To analyze the diagnostic methods of Achilles tendon rupture by MRI.Methods All 16 cases with Achilles tendon rupture were examined with sagital T 1,2 WI and axial T 1WI imaging.4 cases were appended Gd-DTPA enhancement.6 cases were followed up with MRI after 6～8 weeks.Results MRI appearance of Achilles tendon rupture represented Achilles tendon thickening,decrescent ratio of wide/vertical survey,hyperintensity in tendon,discontinuous fibrous bundle,fluid collected around tendon comparing with of normal Achilles tendon.Conclusion MRI is an valuable tool for the diagnosis of Achilles tendon rupture.

Objective To evaluate the impact of gross tumor volume(GTV)on prognosis of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy(3DCRT)in esophageal carcinoma.Methods From Jan.2004 to Oct.2007,131 stageⅠ-Ⅲb patients with unreseetable esophageal carcinomas who received 3DCRT with 60 Gy/ 30f/6w were analyzed retrospectively.The effectiveness of related prognostic factors on survival was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.Results The following-up rate was 100%.By univariate analysis,the 1-,2-and 3-year local tumor control rates were 71%,64%and 60%for patients with GTV volume≤40 cm3,and 43%,32%and 28%for those with GTV volume>40 cm3(X2=13.16,P=0.000).respectively.The 1-,2-and 3-year local tumor control rates were 67%,59%,59%for T1+2 patients,62%,53%,50%for T3 patients,and 41%,28%,19%for T4 patients,respectively(X2=13.25,P=0.001).The 1-,2-and 3-year survival rates were 78%,53%,46%for patients of GTV volume≤40 cm3 and 45%.27%and 7%for patients of GTV volume>40 cm3(X2=21.55,P=0.000).The 1-,2-and 3-year survival rates were 71%,50%and 39%for patients with T1+2,68%,46%and 25%with T3,and 36%,18%and 15%with T4,repectively(X2=14.35,P=0.001).The 1-,2-and 3-year survival rates for patients with tumor length≤5 cm were 75%,50%and 44%,compared with 53%,35%and 18%with tumor length>5cm(X2=5.99,P=0.014).By multivariate analysis,GTV volume and T stage were likelv to be independent prognostic factors for local tumor control rates(X2=7.07,P=0.008;X2=6.63,P=0.036).Only the GTV volume was associated with the overall survival rate(X2=15.82,P=0.000).Conclusions GTV volume is independent prognostic factor.The larger the GTV volume is,the worse the prognosis will be.

Objective To establish an animal model of dermatophytosis and to evaluate antifungal efficacy on dermatophytosis with this model. Methods Animal models of dermatophytosis were established by inoculating dermatophyte suspension onto abraded skin on the back of guinea pigs. Thirty- eight healthy guinea pigs were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups, namely, Trichophyton mentagrophytes group (infected with T. mentagrophytes), and Microsporum canis group (infected with M. canis), and each group was classified into three subgroups, i.e., itraconazole group treated with oral itraconazole of 4 mg per kilogram body weight per day from day 0 to day 14 after infection, terbinafine group treated with oral terbinafine of 5 mg per kilogram body weight per day from day 0 to day 14 after infection, and untreated group receiving no therapy. The therapeutic effect was evaluated according to skin lesion score and fungal examination results on day 8, 11 and 14 after infection. Results Obvious lesions were observed and fungal examination was positive in untreated, infected pigs on day 8 after infection. In T. mentagrophytes-infecyted pigs, the skin lesion score on day 8, 11, 14 was 9, 1 and 0 in itraconazole group, 8, 5, and 1 in terbinafine group, 48, 52, 40 in untreated group, respectively, and there was significant difference between treated and untreated groups on the three time points (all P<0.01); the mycological cure rates on the above time points were 66.7%, 83.3%, 83.3%, in itraconazole-treated pigs, 83.3%, 83.3%, 83.3%, in terbinafine-treated pigs, 0, 0, 0 in untreated pigs, respectively, with no significant difference between itraconazole and terbinafine group (all P>0.05) but statistical difference between untreated and treated groups (all P<0.01) on all time points. Meanwhile, in M. canis-infected pigs, the skin lesion score on day 8, 11, 14 reached 3, 0, 0 in itraconazole group, 9, 2, 0 in terbinafine group, 46, 47, 39 in untreated group, respectively, and mycological cure rates 83.3%, 83.3%, 83.3% in itraconazole group, 83.3%, 83.3%, 83.3% in terbinafine group, 0, 0, 0 in untreated group, respectively; significant difference was noticed in the two parameters between the treated and untreated groups (all P<0.01) but not between the two treated groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion Itraconazol and terbinafine exhibit similar excellent antifungal activity in routine model of T. mentagrophytes-and M. canis-dermatophytosis.

Objective To evaluate the susceptibility of itraconazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolates to four other antifungal drugs.Methods Six strains of Aspergillus fumigatus were serially isolated from a patient with lung aspergilloma,who was resistant to itraconazole therapy.Clinical Laboratory Stan- dard Institute broth microdilution method M38-A and E-test were applied to test the susceptibility of A.fumi- gatus strains to amphotericin B,itraconazole,voriconazole,caspofungin and micafungin.Results With M38-A method,the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of itraconazole was 0.5?g/mL for 2 strains and more than 16?g/mL for the other 4 strains;the MICs of amphotericin B and voriconazole were 1?g/mL and 0.25-1?g/mL respectively for all the 6 strains;and the minimal effective concentration(MEC)of caspofungin and micafungin were no more than 0.03?g/mL for all the 6 strains.Moreover,E-test results also revealed that caspofungin and voriconazole had a good antifungal activity against all the strains,including the 4 itraconazole-resistant ones.Conclusion The itraconazole-resistant A.fumigatus strains isolated from a patient with lung aspergilloma are susceptible to amphotericin B,voriconazole,caspofungin,and micafungin.

Objective To evaluate the value of material decomposition imaging of spectrum CT in overcoming renal cyst pseudoenhaneement.Methods Totally 80 patients with renal cysts (total 75 cysts) who underwent CT imaging with GSI mode were collected.The renal cysts were divided into 3 groups according to diameters,group A (diameters 0.5-＜1.5 cm,n=25),B (1.5-＜2.5 cm,n=25) and C (2.5-＜3.5 cm,n=25) respectively.The iodine-water density imaging was reconstructed by using the GSI Viewer analysis software.The CT value and iodine-water concentration of the cysts were recorded.The difference of CT value,iodine-water concentration in unenhanced and enhanced dual phases in each group was compared.Results The difference of CT value between plain scan and parenchyma phase among the 3 groups had statistically significant difference (F=204.128,P＜0.001),and the differences comparing any two were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The postcontrast attenuation increased more than 10 HU in group A and B,indicating renal cyst pseudoenhancement,and less than 10 HU in group C,which had no pseudoenhancement.There were statistical difference in iodine concentration of the cysts of the 3 groups in unenhance,cortical and parenchyma phases (all P＜0.001),but the difference value in unenhance,cortical and parenchyma phases were less than 10 (100 μg/cm3),and the difference value of the 3 group was group A＞group B＞group C (all P＜0.05).The water concentration of the cysts in group A descend in renal cortical and parenchyma phase with statistical difference (P＜0.001),but the difference value was less than 10 mg/cms.Conclusion The measurements of iodine-water concentration appear to drift as well,the smaller the greater,The degree of the iodine concentration shifting is more obvious than water concentration.

Objective To study and summary the treatment of talus fracture. Methods Fifteen patients with talus fracture were treated by limited cut off reduction by leverage and hollow lag screw under C arm X-Ray machine January 2008 to November 2014, of whom there were 11 males and 4 females, aged 15-61 years old. Seven patients sufferred from talus fracture because of traffic accidents, 4 patients because of falls, 2 patients because of crush injury, and 2 patients because of sprains. Hawkins typing:Ⅰtype in 1 patient, Ⅱ type in 6 patients, Ⅲ type in 6 patients of Ⅲ type, and Ⅳ type in 2 patients. Results Followed up for 6 months to 4 years (mean 1.5 years), fracture healed better. Hawkins grading standard:9 patients showed excellent (1 patient ofⅠtype, 5 patients ofⅡtype, 3 patients ofⅢtype), and two patients showed good (Ⅲtype). The excellent and good rate was 11/15. Necrosis of talus occurred in one patient, and degenerative joint disease occured in one patient. Conclusions Minimally invasive internal fixation with hollow lag screw under C arm X-Ray machine in the treatment of talus fracture has a small injury to the periosteum and the blood supply of small soft tissue. It can fix reliably and can pressurize the fracture fragments, and is conducive to fracture healing.

This study aims to develop a method for determination of beta-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and neocurdione in the volatile oil of Curcuma phaeocaulis, and to provide the basis of the quality control method for the volatile oil of C. phaeocaulis and the related preparations. Based on GC-MS, the 4 main compounds were simultaneously determined, with the internal standard n-tridecane. The Agilent 19091S-433 column (0.25 microm x 250 microm x 30 m) was adopted at the temperature of 250 degrees C, the programmed temperature method (60 degrees C for 1 min, 5 degrees C x min x to 110 degrees C for 5 min, 1 degrees C x min(-1) to 140 degrees C, 5 degrees C x min(-1) to 160 degrees C, 10 degrees C x min(-1) to 240 degrees C) was used. Helium gas was used as the carrier gas at a constant flow rat of 1 mL x min(-1), with an injection volume of 1 RL. Mass spectra were taken at 70 eV; the ion-source temperature was 200 degrees C. The relation time and character acteristic ions for each target compound were determined by full scan mode and SIM, and m/z 85.1, 93.1, 121.1, 107.1 and 180.1 were the detection ions of n-tridecane, beta-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and neocurdione. As a result, beta-elemene, curcumol, germacrone and neocurdione were all detected with good separation. They were all in a good linear relationship within each concentration scope. The average recovery rates were in the range of 98.2%-101%. So, the method can be used to control the quality of the volatile of C. phaeocaulis Val. and the preparations related.
Acetic Acid ; chemistry ; Curcuma ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane ; analysis ; isolation & purification

To simplify the macrocyclic fragment and to modify the zinc binding group of the natural product apicidin, two series of S-hexyl (heptyl) ethanethioate derivatives were designed and synthesized. Twenty-six compounds were synthesized and confirmed with 1H NMR, IR, MS and HR-MS spectrum, which were not reported. Take vorinostat as control, their antiporliferative activities against cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and HL-60, were tested with MTT assay or trypan blue staining method. Generally in both series it was found that, the chiral carbon atom at 7 position is not necessary, compounds II-1, II-3, II-6 and II-13 showed good activity on HL-60 cells in vitro, with the IC50 values less than 10 micromol x L(-1). II-7 and II-8 showed stronger activity against MCF-7 than Vorinostat, with the IC50 of 3.19 and 6.29 micromol x L(-1), respectively.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor ; HL-60 Cells ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; MCF-7 Cells ; Peptides, Cyclic ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective To investigate and compare the features of the HIV-1-specific CTL responses among three HIV-infected groups with varied infection history. Methods Three HIV-infeeted groups were enrolled in this study, including two groups infected by blood transmission (one group has been infected for more than 10 years and the other for 1-2 years) and one group of the man who have sex with man. The HIV-1-specific CTL responses were quantified by an IFN-γ based ELISPot assay with a peptide matrix system containing overlapping peptides spanning the entire HIV-1 Clade B genomic consensus sequences. Results The responding rate of CTL responses against all 17 peptide pools among the group that infected 1-2 years,the group infected more than 10 years and the group of MSM were 40% ,65% ,23%. One way ANOVO analysis showed that the responding rate of CTL responses against all 17 peptide pools were statistical significant among the three groups (F=19.96, P＜0.01);the magnitude of CTL responses of the three groups were 0-5 835 SFCs/106 PBMC, 0-7 225 SFCs/106PBMC, 0-9 740SFCs/106pBMC, Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the magnitude of CTL responses were statistical significant among the three groups( H = 101.90 , P ＜0.01);the breadth of CTL were 7 ( 2-11 ), 11(9-14) and 4 (2-6) respectively and Kruskal- Wallis test showed that the breadth of CTL had no statistical significant among the three groups( H = 34. 75 ,P ＜0. 01 ). The sequence of responding rate, magnitude and breadth of CTL from high to low was the group that had been infected for more than 10 years, the group infected 1-2 years and the sex transmission group. The common characteristics of the CTL response among the three groups were that the responding rate and the magnitude of the peptide Nef and Gag was higher than other peptide's. The magnitude of CTL responses among three different CD4count groups (CD4 ＜ 200/μl, CD4 200-500/μl, CD4 ≥500/μl,) was 0-18 475 SFCs/106pBMC, 350-34 095 SFCs/106pBMC, 490-21 550 SFCs/106 PBMC and had no statistic difference among the three different CD4 groups(H=2.93, P=0.23) while the breadth of CTL was 3(0-8), 10(2-17), 10 (1-17)respoctively and the breadth of CTL was lower in the group of CD4 count less than 200/μl than the other two groups( H = 14. 72, P ＜ 0. 01 ). The magnitude of CTL responses among three different viral load (VL)groups (VL＜ LDL, LDL ＜ VL ＜ 1 × 104 copys/ml, VL≥1 ×104 copys/ml) was 490-18 475 SFCs/106pBMC, 0-24 115 SFCs/106pBMC, 770-34 095 SFCs/106 pBMC and had no statistic difference among the three different viral load groups ( H = 0.79, P=0.67) and the breadth of the three different viral load groups CTL was 8( 1-17), 11 (0-17), 8 (1-16) and Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there was no statistic difference among the three different viral load groups (H =5.27, P =0. 07). Conclusions All groups predominantly develope T cell immune responses against Nef and Gag proteins. With the elapse of HIV infection, the CTL responses are increased in both magnitude and responding rate. This information is important for vaccine development.

Objective To evaluate the impact of total parenteral nutrition(TPN)on nutrition status and inflammatory markers in hospitalized fasted patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Methods A retrospective study was performed and 82 hospitalized fasted IBD patients [male/female=58/24,(39.4±14.5)years] who received TPN entered the study.Among them,38 patients had ulcerative colitis(UC)and 44 patients suffered from Crohn`s disease(CD).Clinical data(gender,age,duration of disease,history of disease,prednisone,immuno-suppressor,and antibiotics)were obtained from medical records.Nutritional parameters,C-creative protein(CRP),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)before and after TPN were also obtained.Average caloric supplementation by TPN was(4 437.3±1 199.1)kJ/d and the nitrogen amount was(9.9±1.7)g/d.Median PN length was 15 days(7-54 days).67 IBD patients received a TPN formula with glutamine(≥14 d,25 patients vs.0-14 d,42 patients)and 15 IBD subjects received TPN without glutamine.Malnutrition was diagnosed by body mass index(BMI)and serum albumin level.Results The prevalence of undernutrition was 90.2％(74/82)in the study population.CD patients had a significantly longer history of disease [84(3-288)months vs.24(1-324)months,P<0.001] and a significantly lower BMI [(15.6±1.8)kg/m2 vs.(19.1±3.5)kg/m2,P<0.001] compared with those in UC patients.TPN improved nutritional parameters [serum albumin:(28.7±6.6)g/L before TPN vs.(31.7±5.8)g/L after TPN,P<0.001;pre-albumin:(174.1±85.5)mg/L before TPN vs.(227.2±82.8)mg/L after TPN,P<0.001].Conclusions TPN improves nutritional status in hospitalized fasted IBD patients.However,prospective randomized controlled trials are required to estimate the role of low-to-middle dosage of glutamine in IBD patients.