Risk Factors ; Tars ; toxicity ; Tobacco Products ; standards ; toxicity ; Tobacco Use Disorder ; etiology ; prevention & control

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and value of azo steen,montelukast sodium combined with levocetirizine in the treatment of chronic urticaria. Methods 150 cases with chronic urticaria admitted in department of dermatology of Hubei Zhongshan Hospital were divided into A,B and C group,each group had 50 cases. Patients in group A were received montelukast sodium and levocetirizine treatment,which in group B were received montelukast sodium and azo steen treatment,group C were received above three kinds of drug treatment. Total effective rate,adverse reaction and safety in three groups were observed and compared. Results Total effective rate of group C was significantly higher than A and B group(P<0.05), and the safety of group C were better than A and B group(P<0.05 ),too. The occurrence of adverse reaction in group C was significantly less than that in group A and B (P <0.05 ).Conclusion Azo steen,montelukast sodium combined with levocetirizine has good efficacy in treatment of chronic urticaria. It can relieve itching wheals and other symptoms in a short time,with less adverse reaction.

Objective Jasminodin in Mei Rong capsule was determined by the method of thin layer chromatography. Methods The sample jasminodin was extracted with methanol and then the extract was chromatographed on silica gel GF254 plate with chloroform-methanol-water (10:3:1) as mobile phase and the chromatograms were scanned by using Shimadzu CS-930 dual wavelength TLCS in zegzag scanning mode at λs 370nm and λR 250nm.Results Calibration graph was rectilinear between 2.7μg～16.2μg per spot for the jasminodin. Conclusion Satisfatory results were obtained with the average recovery ratio of 99.76% ,RSD 2.27%.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the strength of tobacco control and the effectiveness of creating smoke-free hospital, and summarize the main factors that affect the program of creating smoke-free hospitals.

METHODSA total of 210 hospitals from 7 provinces/municipalities directly under the central government were enrolled in this study using stratified random sampling method. Principle component analysis and regression analysis were conducted to analyze the strength of tobacco control and the effectiveness of creating smoke-free hospitals.

RESULTSTwo principal components were extracted in the strength of tobacco control index, which respectively reflected the tobacco control policies and efforts, and the willingness and leadership of hospital managers regarding tobacco control. The regression analysis indicated that only the first principal component was significantly correlated with the progression in creating smoke-free hospital (P<0.001), i.e. hospitals with higher scores on the first principal component had better achievements in smoke-free environment creation.

CONCLUSIONSTobacco control policies and efforts are critical in creating smoke-free hospitals. The principal component analysis provides a comprehensive and objective tool for evaluating the creation of smoke-free hospitals.

Health Facility Environment ; Hospital Administration ; Principal Component Analysis ; Smoke-Free Policy ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of preoperative colonoscopy for patients with benign anal diseases,and to compare the success rates of examination done by sedated colonoscopy and conventional colonoscopy.Methods The clinical data of 333 patients with benign anal disease who received preoperative colonoscopy at the Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from April 2010 to March 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients were divided into the lesion group (120 patients) and normal group (213 patients)according to the results of colonoscopy.The measurement data and count data were analyzed using the t test and chi-square test,respectively.Results The age of patients in the lesion group was (48 ± 14) years,which was significantly older than (42 ± 14) years (t =3.75,P ＜ 0.05).The constituent ratio of patients older than 40 years in the lesion group was 72.50％ (87/120),which was significantly higher than 39.44％ (84/213) in the normal group (x2=33.59,P ＜0.05).The proportions of male and female patients were 71.67％ (86/120) and 28.33％ (34/120) in the lesion group,and 62.44％ (133/213) and 37.56％ (80/213) in the normal group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =2.90,P ＞ 0.05).The benign anal diseases in the lesion group included polyp (80 cases),enteritis (30 cases),malignant tumor (7 cases),infflammatory bowel disease (7 cases),diverticulum (5 cases) and ulcer (1 case).The application rates of sedated colonoscopy in the lesion group and the normal goup were 51.67％ (62/120) and 54.93％ (117/213),respectively,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.33,P ＞0.05).The success rate of terminal ileum intubation was 99.44％ (178/179) in patients who received sedated colonoscopy,which was significantly higher than 95.45％ (147/154) of patients who received conventional colonoscopy (x2 =5.61,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Patients with benign anal disease might complicated with colorectal lesions,and sedated colonoscopy is recommended for preoperative diagnosis,especially for patients who are older than 40 years.

Sulfur fumigation, which is traditional method for preservation, pest control, insecticide and sterilization, has long been widely used in processing and storage and played a positive role of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). As some businesses sided pursuit of profit, abused and repeated use of sulfur fumigation, have resulted in a large number of harmful residues, such as sulf dioxide (SO2) and harmful heavy metals, which brings a significant impact and danger on human health. This article summarizes the sulfur species and the sulfur fumigation methods and analyzes the harmful substances in TCM after sulfur fumigation, to provide a reference of the choice of species for the sulfur, the optimization of sulfur fumigation process and the standardized processing of TCM after sulfur fumigation.
Animals ; Drug Contamination ; Fumigation ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Safety ; Sulfur ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a novel Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcH(1)) based photodynamic therapy (PDT) on acute monocytic leukemia cell lines SHI-1 and its mechanism, so as to provide theory basis for bone marrow purging in vitro for patients with leukemia. The killing effect of ZnPcH(1)-PDT on SHI-1 cells were assessed by MTT method; the SHI-1 cell death patterns were analyzed by AO/EB fluorescence staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), DNA ploidy analysis, and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining.Cell mixture was established by integrating SHI-1 cells with normal bone marrow MNC (by 1:100-1:10 000). Purging effect of ZnPcH(1)-PDT against SHI-1 mixed into normal MNC was assessed by analyzing the expression of fusion gene MLL/AF6 mRNA using nested RT-PCR. The results showed that ZnPcH(1)-PDT could effectively inhibit SHI-1 cell proliferation in dose-dependent manner, and ZnPcH(1)-PDT could induce cell apoptosis in time-dependent manner. 0.5 µmol/L ZnPcH(1)-PDT could completely photoinactivated kill SHI-1 cells in the simulated remission bone marrow. It concluded that ZnPcH(1)-PDT may be a effective and convenient promising purging technique for leukemia.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bone Marrow Purging ; methods ; Cell Death ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Indoles ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Organometallic Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Photochemotherapy ; Photosensitizing Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Background: Mast cell activation is a characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Study on mast cell and the related inflammatory mediators in colonic mucosa is helpful for the evaluation and treatment of IBS.Aims: To assess the effect of mesalazine combined with trimebutine on colonic mucosal mast cell and related inflammatory mediators in patients with IBS.Methods: Forty patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and 40 patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) from Oct.2014 to June 2016 at Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital were enrolled, 20 healthy volunteers were served as controls.Forty patients with IBS-D and 40 patients with IBS-C were randomly divided into mesalazine+trimebutine group and trimebutine group, the treatment courses were all 4 weeks.Number of mast cell was counted by modified toluidine blue staining.Score of related inflammatory mediators were evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Clinical efficacy was assessed.Results: Compared with healthy controls, number of mast cell at baseline was significantly increased both in IBS-D and IBS-C patients (P<0.05).After treatment with mesalazine+trimebutine, number of mast cell was significantly decreased (P<0.05).At baseline, immunohistochemical staining score of 5-HT, IL-1, TNF-α, histamine, tryptase were significantly increased in IBS patients than in healthy controls (P<0.000 1).After treatment with mesalazine+trimebutine, above-mentioned inflammatory mediators were significantly decreased (P<0.05).In IBS-D patients, the total efficacy rate in mesalazine+trimebutine group was significantly increased than that in trimebutine group (85.0% vs.45.0%, P=0.008).In IBS-C patients, no significant difference in total efficacy rate was found between mesalazine+trimebutine group and trimebutine group (55.0% vs.25.0%, P=0.053).Conclusions: Mesalazine combined with trimebutine is an effective and safe approach to reduce mast cell infiltration and release of related inflammatory mediators, and is more efficient for patients with IBS-D.

OBJECTIVETo compare the intervention effects of four traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with typical cold or hot property on body temperature and temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential ion channel proteins (TRPs) of rats with yeast-induced fever.

METHODThe pyrexia model was induced by injecting yeast suspension subcutaneously. Totally 108 male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, the Rhei Radix et Rhizoma treated group, the Coptidis Rhizoma treated group, the Euodiae Fructus treated group, and the Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma treated group, with 18 rats in each group. At the 4 h, 8 h and 12 h after injection of yeast, the rats were sacrificed to collect their hypothalamus and dorsal root ganglion. The expressions of TRPV1 and TRPM8 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot method.

RESULTCompared with the normal group, after injection of yeast, the temperature of rats in the model group notably increased, and reached the peak at 8 h (P < 0.01). The TRPV1 level in hypothalamus and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of the model group significantly increased, whereas the TRPM8 level significantly reduced. Compared with the model group, the Rhei Radix et Rhizoma group and the Coptidis Rhizoma group showed significant decrease in the high body temperature of rats caused by yeast, down-regulation in the expression of TRPV1, and up-regulation in the expression of TRPM8 (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Euodiae Fructus and Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma had no significant effect on either temperature or TRPs of fever rats.

CONCLUSIONRhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma, both are TCMs with cold property, can reduce the temperature of fever rats induced by yeast, which may be related to their effective regulation of TRPV1 and TRPM8 in hypothalamus and DRG, while Euodiae Fructus and Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma had no relevant effect.

Animals ; Antipyretics ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Body Temperature Regulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Fever ; drug therapy ; immunology ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; immunology ; TRPM Cation Channels ; genetics ; immunology ; TRPV Cation Channels ; genetics ; immunology

Objective To develop an early-warning indicator system of brucellosis outbreak. Methods The methods of literature review and expert discussion were used to formulate the initiatory framework and indicators, and then Delphi method was used to filter indicators, discuss the boundary of indicators and determine the weighting coefficient. Results The average length of service provided by experts who engaged in prevention and control of brucellosis was (25.10 ± 8.80) years and the positive coefficient of the consultant experts of the two-round results were 95% and 68%, respectively. Kendall coefficients were 0.35, 0.54 and X2R value were 81.31 and 285.27, respectively and P value was all less than 0.01. Five first-level indicators(the host animal, high-risk groups,social environment, index case and the level of previous disease) and 13 secondary indicators were selected to develop the early-warning indicator system of brucellosis outbreak. The weight coefficients of the five first-level indicators were 0.21, 0.22, 0.17, 0.21 and 0.19, respectively. Conclusions The early-waming indicator system of brucellosis outbreak is initially established. We propose to develop the early-warning programs according to local conditions and the indicator system.