Objective To analyze the incidence of stress hyperglycemia and its influential factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction. Methods The case data of 1630 consecutive patients with incipient myocardial infarction without cerebrovascular disease admitted in the department of cardiology and 1338 patients with atherosclerotic acute cerebral infarction without cardiovascular disease admitted in the department of neurology,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from January 2009 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 2048 patients without diabetes mellitus were selected from them,among them 1165 patients were in an acute myocardial infarction group and 883 were in a cerebral infarction group. The fasting blood glucose >7. 8 mmol/L in the next morning after admission was defined as hyperglycemia. Single factor and multifactor logistic regression analyses were used to compare the incidence of stress hyperglycemia and its influential factors of both groups. Results ( 1 ) Of the 1165 patients with myocardial infarction,the incidence of stress hyperglycemia was 17. 2% (n=201);of the 883 patients with cerebral infarction,the incidence of stress hyperglycemia was 5.4% (n=48). There was significant difference between the 2 group (χ2= 65.677;P < 0. 01). (2) Comparing the general information of the patients with stress hyperglycemia (n=249) and those without stress hyperglycemia ( n=1799) of the cardio-cerebrovascular diseases showed that there were significant differences in hyperlipidemia, drinking history, family history of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, age, heart rate, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol,leukocyte count,blood urea nitrogen,and triacylglycerols between the 2 groups (P<0. 05). (3) Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that heart rate ( OR,1. 013,95%CI 1.002-1.024),leukocyte count (OR,1.109,95%CI 1.508-1.163),and triacylglycerols(OR,1.174, 95%CI 1. 042-1. 322) were the independent risk factors for stress hyperglycemia in myocardial infarction. (4) Systolic blood pressure (OR,1. 019,95% CI 1. 006-1.033) and leukocyte count (OR,1. 132,95%CI 1. 009-1. 268) were the independent risk factors for stress hyperg lycemia in cerebral infarction. Conclusion The incidence of stress hyperglycemia in patients with myocardial infarction is higher than that in patients with cerebral infarction,and the increased leukocyte count is a common independent risk factor for both.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; Uveitis, Anterior ; etiology

Objective To investigate the etiology and clinical characteristics of pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) and improve its early diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical and echocardiogram data of all inpatients with PAH in Pediatric Department of Peking University First Hospital between May 1995 and May 2007 were retrospectively analyzed for age,sex,etiology,symptoms and echocardiographic measurement of pulmonary artery pressure.Data were divided into groups according to different etiology and statistics.Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure(sPAP) values estimated from the tricuspid regurgitant velocity by Doppler echocardiography were compared among different groups.Cases who were not belonged to the first category of the Venice Clinical Classification of pulmonary hypertension were not included.Results Totally 276 cases,168 boys and 108 girls were diagnosed to have PAH.Age ranged from 1 month to 17 years,median age was 9 months.Most of pediatric PAH was associated-PAH(267 cases,96.7%),while idiopathic PAH took a small part(9 cases,3.3%).Congenital heart disease-associated PAH(CHD-PAH) was predominant(245 cases,88.7%) and left to right shunt was the main lesion (217 cases,88.6%),while complex lesion-associated PAH comprised 28 cases(11.4%).Connective tissue disease associated PAH(CTD-PAH) was the second common among this group of pediatric PAH patients(19 cases,6.9 %).The incidence of PAH in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE),juvenile rheumatoid arteritis and takayasu arteritis were 10.3 %(13/126),8.7%(4/46),15.4%(2/13),respectively.The other 3 cases of PAH were associated with portal hypertension(2 cases) and thalassanemia(1 case).The estimated sPAP from tricuspid regurgitant velocity in 8 cases with idiopathic PAH[(74.6?23.9) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)]was higher significantly compared with those of 33 cases of CHD-PAH [(58.0?19.7) mmHg ] and 12 cases of CTD-PAH [(49.6?18.9) mmHg] respectively(t=-2.052,-2.609 Pa

Objective To observe the effect of bacillus bifidus preparation on the prevention of gastrointestinal side effects in children with acute lymphocyte leukemia (ALL) during high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) chemotherapy.Methods One hundred and fifty-two ALL children were randomly assigned into 2 groups according to the suggestion of diagnosis and treatment of ALL in childhood.There were 76 patients in each group.In the treatment group,there were 46 male and 30 female,aged 2 to 13 years old (the median age was 8 years).While in the control group,there were 41 male and 35 female (the median age was 8.2 years).They were treated with the same chemotherapy schedule (HD-MTX),supportive therapies and infection preventive measures.ALL children in the treatment group were additionally given the bacillus bifidus preparation (one tablet for 2 to 6 years old,and two tablets for 7 to 15 years old,3 times daily),if their WBC was more than 2.0?109 L-1.Those in the control group were given vitamin B complex tablets (one tablet for 2 to 6 years old and two tablets for 7 to 15 years old,3 times daily).Results ALL children in treatment group had less diarrhea,abdominal pain,nausea and vomiting,or liver function impairment induced by chemotherapy than those in control group.However,the bacillus bifidus preparation had no significant effects on the symptoms of fever and oral mucosal erosions in the period of chemotherapy.Conclusion The bacillus bifidus preparation is clinically useful for the prevention of gastrointestinal side effects associated with HD-MTX chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of the antimicrobial and disinfectant-resistant genes from the clinical isolates of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus(MRSH).METHODS The identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test of MRSA and MRSH isolates were determined by MicroScan auto SCAN4.PCR was used for detecting antimicrobial and disinfectant-resistant genes.The minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC)of benzalkonium bromide to staphylococci that carried qacA/B gene were determined by broth dilution method.RESULTS The positive rates of qacA/B,aac(6′)/aph(2″),aph(3′)-Ⅲ,ant(4′,4″),TEM,erm,and tetM from 24 MRSH strains were 37.5%,87.5%,33.3%,29.2%,95.8%,and 94.4%;and 91.7%.respectively,and 30.6%,91.7%,72.2%,8.3%,100%,94.4% and 91.7%,respectively.The MIC of benzalkonium bromide for MRSH and MRSA were both 32-128 mg/L,MBC for MRSH was 256-512 mg/L and for MRSA was 512-1024 mg/L.The MIC and MBC of benzalkonium bromide for standard strain ATCC25923 were 16 mg/L and 32mg/L,respectively.CONCLUSIONS Antimicrobial and disinfectant-resistant genes are commonly prevalent in MRSA and MRSH isolates.

Objectives To investigate the relationship between atherosclerotic acute myocardial infarction (AMI),acute cerebral infarction (ACI)and homocysteine (Hcy). Methods Three hundred and twenty consecutive patients with primary acute myocardial infarction (AMI)(group A)were admitted to the Department of Cardiology,310 patients with primary large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction (group B)were admitted to the Department of Neurology,and 327 healthy individuals without cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases (group C)at the Department of Physical Examination,Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University were enrolled retrospectively from March 2010 to October 2011. The age and sex were matched in the 3 groups. All the clinical data of subjects were colleted in detail and then were compared and analyzed. Results (1)The Hcy levels (μmol/L)of group A,B,and C were 15. 10 (12. 43, 19.47),15. 80 (13. 10,20. 83),and 13. 20 (11. 00,16. 50;median [interquartile range]),respectively. There were significant differences among the 3 groups (P<0. 05). The incidences of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)were 92. 8%(n=297),97. 1%(n=301),and 84. 7%(n=277)(P<0. 05). (2)Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for ACI were HHcy (OR 8. 97,95% CI 3. 01-26. 71),hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and blood ureanitrogen;the independent risk factors for AMI were HHcy (OR 4. 36,95% CI 1. 70-11. 21),hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,and total blood cholesterol. Conclusion HHcy is an independent factor for ACI and AMI,which have closer relationship with ACI. ACI and AMI have some common risk factors,but their degrees of action are different.

Objective To investigate the fluctuation of the iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) through continuous monitoring on it. Methods During 2005-2008, 10 monitoring countis (city,district) of IDD were selected in Jiangxi Province. Five townships were selected in each monitoring county, one school was selected in each townships, and 40 students in 8-10 years old from each school were selected to inspect their thyroid glands and determined the idodine content of salts from their home. Among the 40 students, 20 of which were selected to determine the intelligence quotient(IQ) and 6 of which were selected to determine urine iodine. Thirty pregnant women were also selected to determine the urine iodine in each monitoring county. Twenty students of 5th grade in each school and 5 housewives living nearby the school were selected to carry out the questionnaire survey of health education about IDD. Results Monitoring results showed the average goiter rote of 8-10 years old students was between 2.00% and 4.60% during 2005-2008. The rate of IQ of the students higher than 90 was all above 76% each year. The median of urine iodine of students and pregnant women was higher than 100 μg/L, and the proportion of people whose urine iodine content was lower than 50 μg/L was below 4% each year. The rate of inhabitant taking qualified idodine salt wasn't lower than 95%. The pass rate of the questionnaire survey of health education about IDD was between 11.67% and 43.50% in students and 92.50%-99.60% in housewives. Conclusions The situation of iodine deficiency in Jiangxi Province has been greatly improved, reaching the standard of eliminating IDD.

Objective To investigate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on the activity of nuclear factor (NF)-?B in rats with myocardial infarction.Methods MSC were isolated from SD rats (120—150 g in weight).SD rats (180—200 g in weight) were subjected to MI by left coronary artery occlusion,and were allo- cated into three groups randomly:1)sham group (without ligation of the artery,n=8);2)injection of PBS solu- tion (n=8);3)injection of MSC (n=8).MSC or PBS solution was injected into myocardium from epicardium instantly after MI models were established.Four weeks after transplantation,cardiac function was evaluated u- sing physiological recorder.Western blot were performed to investigate the nuclear factor-? activity.The ex- pressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? and interleukin (IL)-6 were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot. Results 1)Mortality was 20%(2/10) in sham group,33.3%(4/12) in PBS group and 20%(2/10) in MSC group with no statistic differences between them(P=0.646).2) Hemodynamic measurements showed that MSC trans- plantation caused significant improvement in cardiac function,comparing with MI+PBS group.3) MSC inhibi- ted the activities of NF-?B in myocardium and down-regulated the expression of TNF-? and IL-6 in mRNA and protein level.Conclusion Transplantation of MSC improved cardiac function in MI rats,which may partly at- tribute to their immuno-inflammatory regulation mechanism.

Objective To master the level of iodine nutrition among population in Jiangxi province,and to provide a scientific basis for establishing the strategy for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).Methods Retrospective method was adopted to analyze the goiter rate and frequency distribution of urinary iodine of children aged 8-10,the qualified rate of iodized salt,the coverage rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in residents of Jiangxi province from 1995 to 2010.The method of correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between goiter rate of children (by palpation) and the qualified rate of iodized salt,iodized salt coverage rate and residents consumption rate of qualified iodized salt.Results The goiter rates (measured by the method of palpation) of children aged 8-10 were down from 40.17％(482/1200) in 1995 to 0.80％(16/2000) in 2010(x2 =4.864,P＜ 0.05).The median of urinary iodine of children was higher than 200 μg/L; the proportion of people whose urinary iodine content higher than 300 μg/L was above 25.00％ and the highest propoaion was up to 58.01％ (210/362) between 1995-2010.The minimum median of salt iodine was 17.77 mg/kg in 1995,and 29.30-39.10 mg/kg in other years.The qualified rates of iodized salt,the iodized salt coverage rates and the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt increased from 43.58％(452/1037),86.42％(1037/1200) and 37.67％(452/1200) in 1995 to 97.95％ (1916/1956),99.95％(1956/1957) and 97.90％(1916/1957) in 2010,respectively; there was a growth trend over the years(x2 =5.240,6.118,5.631,all P ＜ 0.05).The goiter rates of children were related to the qualified rates of iodized salt,the iodized salt coverage rates and the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt,and the correlation coefficient(r) was-0.833,-0.881 and-0.918 (all P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Conclusions The level of iodine nutrition among residents in Jiangxi province has already gone beyond the appropriate level,and the iodine concentration in salt should be cut to ensure the appropriate iodine nutrition level among people.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of baicalin on Aβ25-35 induced learning and memory deficits and changes in autophagy-related genes in mice so as to explore the related mechanisms of Alzheimer disease (AD) treatment . METHODS C57 mice were administered with 3μL Aβ25-35 3 mmol·L-1 by intracerebroventricular injection to establish an AD model. Baicalin was given by intracerebroventricular injection at the dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg · kg-1 for 15 d, respectively. The total distance and the central grid residence time were measured in the open-field test. The escape latency and the time to reach the platform were monitored in the Morris water maze trial. The autophagic vacuoles in the hippocampus of the mice were observed by transmission electron microscopy before the protein expressions of microtu?bule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin1 in brain tissue were analyzed by Western blot?ting assay. RESULTS Intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ25-35 could reduce the total distance from (3984±321)cm to (2790±306)cm and extend central grid residence time from (3.6±1.2)s to (8.8±2.9)s in the open-field test. The escape latency of water maze also increased from (22.0 ± 1.9)s to (38.8 ± 2.2)s. Autophagic vacuoles or late autophagic vacuoles and increased Beclin1 and LC3 and protein level were observed in the hippocampus after Aβ25-35 injection. Intraperitoneal injection of Baicalin 50 and 100 mg · kg-1 for fifteen consecutive days extended the total distance in open-field test to (3705 ± 337)cm and (3968 ± 448)cm, respectively, while the central grid residence time was reduced to (5.6 ± 1.8)s and (3.9±1.5)s, respectively. The total time taken to reach the platform in water maze test was reduced to (28.6± 1.9)s, (22.9 ± 1.7)s. Mitochondrial swelling, vacuolar membrane structure or autophagic vacuoles were visible in the hippocampus. LC3 and Beclin1 protein expression was significantly up-regulated(P<0.01). CONCLUSION Baicalin shows protective effect against Aβ25-35 induced learning and memory deficits, and this effect may be related to the activation of autophagy in the mouse hippocampus.