Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; China ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Specimen Handling

Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; classification ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; classification ; genetics ; pathology ; World Health Organization

Biopsy ; methods ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; Lupus Nephritis ; pathology

Animals ; Biopsy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; Plastic Embedding

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of T-lymphocytes,which plays a key role in the immune response of human.Exploration on the characters of immune response in the pathologic process related to COPD may be useful to explore the mechenism of immunity response in COPD patients,thus,contrubute to improve the knowledge of COPD and investigating new avenues of treatment.

Objective: A rapid and sensitive method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitative determination of salvianolic acid B (Sal B) and its main active metabolite danshensu(DSS) in rat plasma. Methods: The analytes were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate after IS (IS, chloramphenicol) spiked. The separation was performed on a Symmetry C18 column with methanol-acetonitrile-0.5% formic acid (55:5:40) as mobile phase at a flowrate of 0.4 mL/min. The triple quadrupole LC-MS system was operated under selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode using the electrospray ionization technique in negative mode. Quantification was performed using SRM of the transitions m/z 717→519 for Sal B, 197→135 for DSS, and 321→152 for the IS, respectively. Results: The nominal retention times for Sal B, DSS , and IS were 3.12, 2.60, and 3.98 min, respectively. The standard calibration curve for spiked rat plasma containing Sal B was linear over the range 10-5 000 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient (r >0.995). And DSS was linear over the range 5-5000 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient (r>0.995). The lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) of Sal B and DSS of the method were 10 and 5 ng/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision of the assay were less than 12.6%. After Sal B was ig administered to rats, absorption of Sal B was rapidly metabolized to DSS. Pharmacokinetic parameters of Sal B and DSS after ig administration Sal B to Wistar rats were: Cmax (1.21±0.31) and (0.27±0.05) μg/mL, tmax (0.50±0.00) and (0.56±0.18) h, t1/2 (1.20±0.11) and (1.57±0.16) h, AUC0-1 (1.31±0.30) and (0.39±0.05) μg·mL-1·h. Conclusion: This method has been applied successfully to a pharmacokinetic study of Sal B and its metabolite DSS involving the ig administration of Sal B to rats.

Objective: To investigate the expression of chemokine MIP-3α and its receptor CCR6 in ulcerative colitis(UC) and to explore its relationship with the involvement and severity of UC, so as to asses their expression in the pathogenesis of UC. Methods: The expression of MIP-3α and CCR6 protein in the colon mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry method in 35 UC patients and 20 normal controls. Results: MIP-3α and CCR6 were both positive in the UC group and negative or only weakly expressed in the normal control group. The expression of MIP-3α and CCR6 in the UC group was significantly higher than that in normal controls (P<0.01). The expression of MIP-3α and CCR6 was related to the severity and involvement of UC. The expression of MIP-3α was significantly correlated with that of CCR6(r=0.765,P<0.01). Conclusion: The expression of MIP-3α and CCR6 is positively correlated with each other, and both of them participate in the development and progression of UC. The interaction between the 2 may play an important role in the local damage and pathological changes in UC.

Humans ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains ; genetics ; immunology ; Kidney ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; immunology ; pathology ; therapy ; Mutation ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism

Objective To study the effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) on the organs of rats.Methods Male Wister rats were divided into five groups,four exposure groups and one control group,10 in each.The exposure groups were given with DEHP at the doses of 1 500 mg /kg,3 000 mg /kg,4 500 mg /kg,6 000 mg /kg respectively,by gavage,28 consecutive days.The rats were weighed every 4 days,after 28 days,the rats were killed and the organ coefficients were calculated and the pathological examination was done.Results The weight of four exposure groups reduced significantly(P

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of ambroxol hydrochloride in the adjuvant treatment of el-derly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. METHODS:94 elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease were randomly divided into control group(48 cases)and observation group(46 cases). Control group was given oxygen inha-lation,antispasmodic asthma,expectorant and antitussive,antibiotics against infections,bronchodilation drugs,glucocorticoids and other conventional treatment;observation group was additionally given 30 mg Ambroxol hydrochloride injection,adding into 200 ml 5% glucose injection by intravenous infusion,twice a day. The treatment course for both groups was 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy,improvement of cough and sputum volume before and after treatment in 2 groups were observed,and incidence of ad-verse reactions was recorded. RESULTS:The clinical efficacy in observation group was significantly higher than control group,re-ducing degree of cough and sputum volume were significantly superior to control group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05);and there were no significant differences in the incidence of total adverse reactions,nausea,stomach heartburn,rash and indigestion between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treatment,ambroxol hydrochloride can effectively relieve symptoms and improve efficacy in the adjuvant treatment of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,with no obvious adverse reactions and reliable safety.