Objective To observe the clinical effect of emergency operative treatment on thoracolumbar compression or burst fractures using pedicle screw instrument through posterior approach and indirect reduction.Methods53 acute thoracolumbar compression or burst fractures cases injured within 4 days were accepted the emergency operation of indirect reduction, decompression and fixation using pedicle screw instrument through posterior approach. The mean percentage of traumatic vertebral body height, sagittal diameter of spinal canal, degrees of kyphosis and Frankel scoring of nerve function were evaluated before and after operation.ResultsAll cases received two weeks following-up, 47 cases had more than one-year following-up. The mean percentage of traumatic vertebral height restored from 42.28% (pre-operation) to 93.46% (post-operation); the mean degrees of kyphosis recovered from 26.44° (pre-operation) to 17.73° (post-operation); the mean percentage of sagittal diameter of spinal canal changed from 63.14% (pre-operation) to 78.55% (post-operation). All but cases with completely spinal cord injury got more than one grade nerve functional restoration. Neither later spinal cord injury nor back pain existed among the patients. Three cases emerged partial internal fixation device failure, but neither symptoms nor abnormality correction missed.ConclusionEmergency operation using pedicle screw instrument through posterior approach is a feasible and confirmatory choice in treatment of the acute thoracolumbar compression or burst fractures if the cases are selected properly.

Objective To investigate the influence of plasmid spread and ampD mutation to Enterobacter cloacae that leads to the AmpC β-lactamase change from inducible type to constitutive type. Methods The Enterobacter cloacae were isolated from the patients with nosocomial infection. The inducible type isolations and their constitutive type changers were put into the same group. The plasmid ampC gene and chromatin ampD gene in pairs in each group were amplified, sequenced and compared. Results Of 195 patients infected by Enterobacter cloacae of inducible type, 25 (12.82%) were changed to the ones of constitutive high type. In these 25 changed groups, 10 were caused by plasmid spread, 10 by ampD mutation, 1 by both, and 4 by neither. Twelve changed constitutive type strains had ampD significant mutations, in which 7 were frame-shift mutations and 5 were spot mutations. Conclusions The change ratio of Enterobacter cloacae from inducible type to constitutive type is rather high. Both plasmid spread and ampD mutation are possibly the mechanism of such change. Plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamase spreads among different species and interregionally. The mutation rate of chromatin ampD gene is also higher than the natural mutation rate. These two mechanisms should be considered in clinical treatment.

SUMMARY A 61-year-old male patient, with the history of premier myocardial infarction and CABG surgery, experienced recurrent unstable angina. Angiography showed triple vessel disease and vein grafts obstruction. The patient underwent a re-do OPCAB + TMLR + bone marrow mononuclear cell (BM-MNCs) transplantation on Nov. 8, 2004. BM-MNCs were isolated with standard gravity gradient method and the final implanted cell number was 12.06?108. Peri-operative data were similar to those of single OPCAB or re-CABG. The patient recovered promptly without recurrence of angina or infarction. Six-minute walking distance increased significantly (366 m to 493 m). Several imaging examinations reveal improved left cardiac function (LVEF improved from 23.75% to 52% in MRI) and diminished MI area. The results reveal that bone marrow cell transplantation, combined with TMLR and OPCAB is safe and might be effective in improving heart function for patients with IHD.

Objective To reveal the influence factor of ampD specific mutation on the transformation of AmpC β-lactamase from non-high-productive type to derepressed the high-productive type in Enterobacter cloacae. Methods The selected cbromatin-mediated derepressed high-productive strains of Enterobacter cloacae and genomic DNA were extracted, and genomic ampD was amplified by using PCR, and then sequenced and confirmed by specific mutation. Use site-directed mutagenesis to mutate the wild-type Enterobacter cloacae for the above site. The changes of AmpCβ-lactamase types were detected by the improved Cefotaxime three-dimensional test. Results Of the 121 strains of Enterobacter cloacae,15 strains were ehromatin-mediated derepressed high-productive type,8 strains had significant mutations and 7 strains of site-directed mutagenesis were established. Ecl MA(274 inser-ting A)、Ecl MC(327 missing C)and Ecl MF(27 inserting G)were changed from non-high-productive type to derepressed-high-pro-ductive type,but Ecl MB(371 inserting T), Ecl MD(515 missing C), Ecl ME(324 C→A), Ecl MG(238C→A 302T→A)did not change in AmpC β-lactamase types. Conclusion The significant mutations that could lead to the transformation of AmpC β-lacta-mase were the Frame-shift mutations that could create the change of large region of amino acid. However, other mechanisms for the derepressed high-productive AmpC β-lactamase were not excluded in the study.

?AlM:To understand the clinical effect of trabeculectomy with mitomycin and interferon therapy on neovascular glaucoma.? METHODS: Neovascular glaucoma patients in our hospital from January 2011 to January 2013 were sampled, from them, 57 cases ( 57 eyes ) were randomly divided into two groups, control group received routine trabeculectomy for treatment, the experimental group accepted combination therapy of trabeculectomy +mitomycin + interferon. The clinical efficacy of two groups were observed.?RESULTS:The total effective rate (96%) in experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group ( 76%) , and the visual acuity, filtering bleb and postoperative 1wk, 1a of intraocular pressure changes were better than those of the control group, there was a statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). The rate of complications in experimental group ( 10%) was slightly higher than that of the control group (7%), but there was no statistically significant difference (P>0. 05).? CONCLUSlON: Trabeculectomy combined mitomycin and interferon treatment of neovascular glaucoma has exact clinical effect, and is worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Purpose To investigate the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3B in cervical squamous carcinoma and its relation-ship with Ki-67 expression. Methods To detect the expression of LC3B in 16 cases of normal cervical tissues and 126 cases of squa-mous cell carcinoma by immunohistochemical staining. In addition, Ki-67 protein was also detected in 126 cases of squamous cell car-cinoma in the same assay. The relationship between LC3B expression and Ki-67 in cervical squamous cell cancer was statistical analy-sis. Results Expression level of LC3B were significantly lower in cervical squamous carcinoma than normal squamous epithelial cells (P<0. 05), and the expression of LC3B was negatively correlated with Ki-67(rs = -0. 248, P<0. 05). Conclusion It appears that decreased levels of autophagy which indicated by low expression of LC3B may promote cancer cell proliferation in the early stages of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, which provides a clinical referential evidence for further explore the mechanism of autophagy in cer-vical cancer development.

Objective To study syndrome and pathogenesis of patients of chronic hepatitis B treated by Lamivudine. Methods By Observing clinical information of Chinese medical symptoms, physical signs,tongue and pulse, TCM syndrome of 103 patients of Chronic Hepatitis B treated by Lamivudine were differentiated by two attending doctors and analyzed. Results Patten of 103 patients were: spleen deficiency and damp-heat (20.38%), spleen deficiency (20.38%), endoretention of damp-heat (19.41%), liver depression and spleen deficiency(13.59%), liver yin deficiency (8.73%); Syndrome of 103 patients were: spleen deficiency (47.57%), damp-heat (43.68%), liver depression (11.65%), liver yin deficiency (10.67%), blood stasis (8.73%), kidney yin deficiency (3.88%). Conclusion Pathogenesis of patients of chronic hepatitis B treated by Lamivudine was spleen-liver-kidney deficiency, and endoretention of damp-heat; Nature of disease was deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality, and simultaneous deficiency and excess; Common syndromes were spleen deficiency, damp-heat, liver depression, liver yin deficiency, blood stasis, and kidney yin deficiency.

The effects of ATP-sensitive mitochondrial K(+) channel (mitoK(ATP)) on mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), cell proliferation and protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) expression in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were investigated. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were immunized with saline (controls) or ovalbumin (OVA) with alum (asthma models). ASMCs were cultured from the lung of control and asthma rats. ASMCs were treated with diazoxide (the potent activator of mitoK(ATP)) or 5-hydroxydencanote (5-HD, the inhibitor of mitoK(ATP)). Rhodamine-123 (R-123) was used to detect Δψm. The expression of PKCα protein was examined by using Western blotting, while PKCα mRNA expression was detected by using real-time PCR. The proliferation of ASMCs was measured by MTT assay and cell cycle analysis. In diazoxide-treated normal ASMCs, the R-123 fluorescence intensity, protein and mRNA levels of PKCα, MTT A values and percentage of cells in S phase were markedly increased as compared with untreated controls. The ratio of G(0)/G(1) cells was decreased (P<0.05) in diazoxide-treated ASMCs from normal rats. However, there were no significant differences between the ASMCs from healthy rats treated with 5-HD and the normal control group. In untreated and diazoxide-treated ASMCs of asthmatic rats, the R-123 fluorescence intensity, protein and mRNA levels of PKCα, MTT A values and the percentage of cells in S phase were increased in comparison to the normal control group. Furthermore, in comparison to ASMCs from asthmatic rats, these values were considerably increased in asthmatic group treated with diazoxide (P<0.05). After exposure to 5-HD for 24 h, these values were decreased as compared with asthma control group (P<0.05). In ASMCs of asthma, the signal transduction pathway of PKCα may be involved in cell proliferation, which is induced by the opening of mitoK(ATP) and the depolarization of Δψm.

Objectives To establish a model of carotid atherosclerotic (AS)stenosis in rabbits and to preliminarily investigate the expression of asparaginyl endopeptidase. Methods Fourteen New Zealand white rabbits were divided into either an model group (n = 8)or a sham operation group (n = 6)according to the random number table. The carotid intima was injured by operation in the model group. The rabbits in both groups were fed with high fat diets containing magnesium for 10 weeks. The rabbits were weighted and their blood lipids were tested every 2 weeks. At the end of the fifth and tenth weeks after procedure,the plaque and vessel stenosis of the rabbits were observed by MRI. At the end of the tenth week after proce-dure,the specimens were collected and sliced. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE)staining was used to observe the pathological changes. Immunohistochemical staining was used to analyze the expression of asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP). Results One rabbit in the model group died of carotid artery injury. After being fed with high-fat diets,the body quality and the level of blood lipid were increased in the rabbits of both groups compared with those before procedure (all P < 0. 01). At the end of the fifth and tenth weeks after procedure,MRI revealed that the luminal stenosis rates in the operation group were 16 ± 11% and 53 ± 20% respectively. There was significant difference within the group (t = - 4. 83,P < 0. 01). MRI revealed no luminal stenosis twice in the sham operation group. HE staining showed intimal hyperplasia,AS plaque formation,lipid deposition in plaques,macrophage and smooth muscle cells migration and infiltration forming foam cells in the model group. No AS formation was observed in the sham operation group. The expression of AEP was higher in the rabbit carotid artery tissue in the model group,and it expressed rarely in the sham surgery group. The absorbance values were 0. 072 0 ± 0. 028 0 and 0. 002 0 ± 0. 000 9 respectively. There was significant difference (t = 6. 61,P < 0. 01). Conclusions The methods of injuring carotid intima combined with magnesium containing high-fat diet may exactly,reliably,and quickly establish an AS carotid artery stenosis model. AEP may associat with the occurrence of AS plaques.

Objective To study the clinical evaluation of gas exchange impairment in neonatal respiratory failure.Methods Blood gas, PaO2/PAO2, Qs/QT, PaO2/FiO2, A-aDO2 and RI of 53 newborn infants with respiratory failure in NICU of PUMCH from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1997 were measured. Results These infants were divided into two groups according to PaO2/PAO2: moderate and severe respiratory failure. Qs/QT(11±3)%, PaO2/FiO2(183±113), A-aDO2(22.9±6.8)kPa, RI(2.5 ±0.8) in 21 neonates with moderate respiratory failure; Qs/QT(24±6)%, PaO2/FiO2 (82±30), A-aDO2 (49.3 ± 17.8)kPa,RI(7.6 ±3.4) in 32 neonates with severe respiratory failure(P＜0.001). These results in respiratory failure caused by different pathogenesis were different. In meconium aspiration and pneumothorax group there were the highestQs/QT(32±3)% ,A-aDO2 (69.8 ± 12.2)kPa,RI(9.2 ±2.9)and the lowest PaO2/FiO2 (77±39). Mortality of infants with high pulmonary shunt was high. Qs/QT(17±8)% in 38 survives and (24±6)% in 10 died neonates( P＜0.05). Conclusion The clinical evaluation using these indexes for newborn infants with respiratory failure is beneficial in recognizing pathogenesis,guiding therapy and evaluating prognosis.