Medical students participating in chnieal medical early is one of the good ways to cultivate students'all-around qualities From freshman year medical students begin to enter chnical medical service system and make clinical practice in spare time,They are also trained to link theory with practice to caltivate clinical thinking ability,strengthen its humanistic care idea and doctor-patient communication ability so that medical students will know the sacred profession of being adatov and from the idea of sewing patients work of the sacred doctor,set up'professional service to patients'concept.

Objective:To fathom the disposition and drug resistance of the common pathogenic bacteria,separated from various kinds of samples of in-patients and out-patients in hospitals of the western areas in 2006.Method:The assay and analysis of drug resistance in accordance with the sceptor microbiological manual system set by BD company,or with Biomerieux Vitek-32 manual system.Results:In 2006,1 900 strains of pathogenic bacteria were separated,1 210 of which were negative bacilli (63.68%);585 out of 1 900 strains were positive coccobacteria(30.79%).Imipenem has natural drug resistance against Stenotrophmomas maltophilia,and among all of the tested antibacterials,There were 105 strains of fungi.it has the most powerful antibacterial activity against other negative bacilli.There were a remarkable distinction(P

Objective To investigate the changes of serum cytokines IL-2,IL-8,IL-10 and IFN-? in infants with cytomegalovirus hepatitis before and after ganciclovir treatment,and explore the underlying mechanisms of ganciclovir and the immunological changes in the development and progression of cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection.Methods CMV-IgM in the serum samples of 72 infants with identified cytomegalovirus infection were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).CMV DNA in blood was measured by quantitative PCR.CMV-IgM(+) and CMV DNA(+) were as observed group 1(35 cases,without hepatitis).Those with abnormality of ALT were regarded as observed group 2(37 cases,with hepatitis).Another 30 matched healthy infants were enrolled as healthy control group.Levels of serum IL-2,IL-10,IL-8 and IFN-? of each group were examined by ELISA,and CMV masculine hepatitis group were cured with ganciclovir(5mg/kg,i.v.,twice per day for 14 d,and then once per day for 14 d after a 7 days'interval),then the levels of above factors were examined again.Results The levels of IL-8 and IL-10 in observed group 1 were significantly higher than those in healthy control group(t=3.74,9.56;P0.05).After ganciclovir treatment,the level of IL-2 in observed group 2 was significantly higher than that in observed group 1(t=3.41,P0.05).The levels of IL-8,IL-10 and IFN-? were decreased significantly(t=6.52,7.24,14.23;P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lamivudine combined with thymosin α1 therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods Sixty-eight eligible patients with chronic hepatitis B were enrolled in this multi-center randomized controlled rlinical trial.Patients were randomized into the trial group and the control group(n=34 for each).Patients in trial group received thymosin α1 for 6 months and lamivudine for 12 menths:patients in control group received lamivudine for 12 months only.The rates of serum HBV DNA clearance.HBeAg loss,HBeAg seroconversion,ALT normalization and the safety of thymosin α1 were observed at 3rd.6th,12th and 18th month during and after the treatment.Results At 12th month of the treatment,there were significant differences in the rates of serum HBV DNA clearance,HBeAg loss and ALT normalization between two groups(χ2=31.17,7.17 and 5.92,P＜0.05);at 6th month after the treatment.there were significant differences in the rates of sernm HBV DNA clearance and HBeAg loss between two groups(χ2=4.53 and 7.17,P＜0.05).HBV DNA was not detected in 2 patients during 6-month follow-up study and no sever side effect was observed throughout the study.Conclusion The conlbination of lamivudine and thymosin α1 is safe and has better effect than the monotherapy of lamivudine in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Objective: To investigate the effect of hydrogen sulifde (H2S) on the expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in GES-1 cells withHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and to explore its mechanism on gastric mucosa inlfammation caused byH. pylori.
Methods: GES-1 cells were cultured for 24 h and divided into a control group (neitherH. pylori nor NaHS), anH. pylori group, a NaHS group (which was further divided into 4 groups at 50, 100, 200, or 400 μmol/L NaHS), andH. pylori + NaHS group (which was further divided into 4 groups at 50, 100, 200, or 400 μmol/L NaHS). Each group was then cultured for 3, 6, or 12 h. The expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR, and their correlation was analyzed. Results: The expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in GES-1 cells in theH. pylori group was higher than that in the control group. The expression of CSE in the 200 μmol/L NaHS group and 400 μmol/L NaHS group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), whereas the expression of NF-κB and IL-8 in all NaHS groups had no statistical differences compared with the control group (P>0.05). The expression of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in all groups of NaHS,H. pylori + 200 μmol/L NaHS group, andH. pylori + 400 μmol/L NaHS group was lower than that in theH. pylori group (P<0.05). There was positive correlation among the expressions of CSE, NF-κB, and IL-8 mRNA in theH. pylori group, theH. pylori + 200 μmol/L NaHS group, and theH. pylori +400 μmol/L NaHS group (P<0.05).
Conclusion:H. pylori can induce NF-κB and IL-8 mRNA expression and upregulate CSE mRNA expression. At 200 and 400 μmol/L, NaHS can suppressH. pylori-induced NF-κB and IL-8 mRNA expression and ameliorate the morphology ofH. pylori-induced GES-1 injury, which may protect gastric epithelial cells byH. pylori infection.

Objective To sum up the experience on diagnosis and treatment of intraabdominal bleeding in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods The clinical data of 37 SAP patients with bleeding complications from Jan 1999 to Jan 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. The causes of bleeding were of erosive (5 cases), infected (20 cases), intra operative/postoperative (10 cases) and coagulopathy (2 cases). Results The mortality was 10% (2/19) for transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), 30% (7/23) for laparotomy, 50% (2/4) for conservative thepary. The cause related mortality was 0 (0/5), 30% (6/20), 40% (4/10) and 50% (1/2) for erosive, infection, intra/post operative, and coagulopathy respectively. Conclusion In SAP most intra abdominal bleedings are from erosive/infective pseudoaneurysms of splenic artery or/and gastroduodenal artery. The preferred diagnosis methods were CT and selective angiography which often give definite diagnosis. TAE is most effective therapy, when it fails, a surgery is necessary.

Atomic force microscopy is a powerful new tool to investigate the structure and measure the relationship between structure of surfaces and functions in microorganisms. Comparing with conventional electron microscope, atomic force microscope has higher resolution and can image real-time structures from atomic to molecular scale in three-dimensional mode under physiological condition. Therefore, atomic force microscope is being used in almost every aspect of microbiology and has gotten many exciting findings.

In this study,the rDNA ITS sequence of isolate of Lactarius deliciosus(L.)Gray was sequenced.Molecular identification was accomplished using phylogenetic tree analysis of 22 Lactarius nrDNA-ITS nucleotide sequence including the 2 new and 20 GenBank sequence.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the matrix formula of Lanlian ertong qingre cataplasm. METHODS:Taking adhesion force,peel strength and sensory description as index,the ratio of matrix framework material(sodium polyacrylate-gan hydroxyl alu-minum-tartaric acid-glycerin) was optimized with orthogonal test. The single factor test was adopted to select adhesive and filler;the amount of penetrating agent azone was screened using the in vitro penetration amount of phillyrin. RESULTS:The best matrix ratio of Lanlian ertong qingre cataplasm was sodium polyacrylate-gan hydroxyl aluminum-tartaric acid-glycerin(4.0:0.8:0.4:15);PVP K-90 was used as adhesive,and bolus alba as filler;penetration enhancers azone accounted for 2.0%. Validation test showed, prepared cataplasm had good appearance,could stick on the 5th or the 6th ball;it's peel strength was 7.5 N;all RSDs of score were lower than 4%(n=3). CONCLUSIONS:The optimized matrix formula of Lanlian ertong qingre cataplasm is simple,stable and good in molding.

Objective To investigate the relationship of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma ( PPAR?)C161T gene polymorphism with related diseases of metabolic syndrome. To disscuss the mechanism of the elderly diseases from gene level and the relation between the gene polymorphism and lipid metabolism. Methods Three hundred seventy one non-sibship subjects of Han nationality were investigated in this study, including 69 old healthy subjects, 302 elderly cases diagnosed as metabolic syndrome. PPAR? C161T gene polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism, and radioimmunoassay was used to detect serum insulin. The insulin resistance was obtained from homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), and blood glucose, blood lipoprotein, height, weight and so on were tested. The frequencies of PPAR? C161T genotypes and the allele were compared with the clinical data. Results (1) In the groups of old normal health and metabolic syndrome, "T" allele frequency was 0.217,0.201, and "C" allele frequency was 0.783, 0.798 . There was no significant difference between the groups. (2)The triglyceride in CC genotypes of the metabolic syndrome was significantly higher than that in "T" allele carriers. Conclusions (1) The distributing trend of PPAR ? C161T gene polymorphism of the Han nationality in Wuhan in the elderly normal healthy group was in accord with that in the group of the elderly metabolic syndrome. (2) PPAR ? C161T substitution can influence metabolic syndrome, especially in liporprotain metabolism. "T" allele is associated with lower level of triglyceride.