No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Measles*

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of eating disorders and the dietary, and psychological factors that influence eating disorders in high school girls. Data was collected from 4 vocational and 4 general girls' high schools in Incheon. Among the total of 595 questionnaires collected, 581 were analyzed. For data analyses, frequency, percentage, average, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's Post-Hoc and regression were conducted using SPSS WIN ver 10.0 program. As a result, 25 out of 581 students (4.3%) are judged to have eating disorders. The mean BMI of the subjects is 20.2, but the BMI students think of as ideal is 17.6. Since the frequencies of diet trial, taking diet pills, and skipping dinner are higher, the average score of Eating Attitudes Test for Korean Adolescents (EAT-26KA) is higher, they are more likely to have eating disorders. The lower the degree of body satisfaction and self esteem are, the higher the average score of EAT-26KA is. It tells that the possibility of developing eating disorders is closely related to BMI and psychological factors specially body satisfaction.
Adolescent ; Analysis of Variance ; Diet ; Feeding and Eating Disorders* ; Eating* ; Female* ; Humans ; Incheon ; Meals ; Prevalence ; Psychology ; Self Concept ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
Leriche Syndrome

PURPOSE: The estimation of fluid deficit is crucial to the proper management of dehydrated children. Without well-documented serial weights on the same scale, the estimation of any given child's fluid deficit is imprecise and dependent largely on subjective clinical criteria. Despite the abundance of literature on clinical and laboratory evaluation of dehydration, few studies have focused on serum uric acid. So, we examined the usefulness of serum uric acid in gastroenteritis patients with dehydration. METHODS: Medical records of 90 gastroenteritis patients were retrospectively reviewed. By the body weight loss, we classified patients with mild, moderate, and severe dehydration groups. We studied the relevance of laboratory data (BUN, creatinine, serum bicarbonate, glucose, urine specific gravity, and uric acid) with dehydration. RESULTS: 54 children (60%) were dehydrated mildly, 24 (26%) dehydrated moderately, and 12 (14%) dehydrated severely. Statistically significant differences in BUN, creatinine, serum bicarbonate, glucose, and urine specific gravity could not be observed. But there was significant relationship between uric acid and the degree of dehydration. Data analysis suggested that the level of 7.0 mg/dL is the best cut-off value for predicting the development of moderate or severe dehydration. At this cut-off value, the sensitivity and specificity were 66.6% and 87.1%. CONCLUSION: Our study supports that the measurement of serum uric acid with traditional scales is useful for predicting the development of dehydration. But, in order to be used as the indicator for proper treatment at an earlier stage, further validation about serum uric acid is necessary.
Body Weight ; Child ; Creatinine ; Dehydration* ; Gastroenteritis* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Specific Gravity ; Statistics as Topic ; Uric Acid* ; Weights and Measures

BACKGROUND: The HPV28 Detection test (Seegene) is a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay that is designed for testing a total of 28 human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and estimating the approximate HPV viral load. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical applicability of the HPV28 Detection test with regard to the prevalence of HPV infection and distribution of HPV genotypes by using the HPV28 Detection and HPV DNA Chip tests (Biomedlab). METHODS: HPV DNA Chip and HPV28 Detection tests were performed for 500 cervical swab specimens. HPV genotype results were confirmed by sequencing analysis of the specimens that showed discordant results in the 2 test methods. RESULTS: The positive rate of HPV detection determined by using HPV28 Detection and HPV DNA Chip tests were 43.8% and 40.6%, respectively. The sequencing results in 64 discordant specimens that showed single HPV infection in the 2 test methods were in complete agreement with the test results obtained with the HPV28 Detection test. The genotyping results of the HPV28 Detection test were 100% concordant in repeated experiments with HPV-infected specimens that have 12 different HPV genotypes, i.e., types 16, 31, 33, 39, 42, 51, 52, 53, 58, 66, 68, and 70. The HPV28 Detection test was 100-fold more sensitive than the HPV DNA Chip test with serially diluted HPV DNAs. CONCLUSIONS: The HPV28 Detection test can be applied in the clinical field as an HPV genotyping test can accurately identify various HPV genotypes with high specificity and low detection limit.
DNA ; Genotype ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Prevalence ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Viral Load

In order to explore the existence and distribution of phospholipase (PLC) isozymes in the rat retina, immunohistochemical staining was applied using monoclonal antibodies against PLC isozymes (PLC beta; K92, PLC gamma; D7, F7, PLC delta; R32, S11). For immunohistochemical detection, avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method was performed on frozed tissue sections of rat retina. Our study showed that PLC isozymes have particular distributional patterns in the retina. Namely, PLC beta is broadly distributed in the outer and inner segments of photoreceptor cell layer, nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. PLC gamma is mainly appeared in the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. PLC delta is confined only in the ganglion cell layer. These results clearly demonstrate the PLC isozymes may have their own role in the transduction of light pathway in the retina. However, further studies will be required to verify theirs precise role in the photoreception.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Ganglion Cysts ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isoenzymes* ; Nerve Fibers ; Peroxidase ; Phospholipase C beta ; Phospholipases* ; Photoreceptor Cells ; Rats* ; Retina* ; Type C Phospholipases*

In order to explore the existence and distribution of phospholipase (PLC) isozymes in the rat retina, immunohistochemical staining was applied using monoclonal antibodies against PLC isozymes (PLC beta; K92, PLC gamma; D7, F7, PLC delta; R32, S11). For immunohistochemical detection, avidin-biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method was performed on frozed tissue sections of rat retina. Our study showed that PLC isozymes have particular distributional patterns in the retina. Namely, PLC beta is broadly distributed in the outer and inner segments of photoreceptor cell layer, nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. PLC gamma is mainly appeared in the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer. PLC delta is confined only in the ganglion cell layer. These results clearly demonstrate the PLC isozymes may have their own role in the transduction of light pathway in the retina. However, further studies will be required to verify theirs precise role in the photoreception.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Ganglion Cysts ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isoenzymes* ; Nerve Fibers ; Peroxidase ; Phospholipase C beta ; Phospholipases* ; Photoreceptor Cells ; Rats* ; Retina* ; Type C Phospholipases*

Krukenberg tumor of the primary breast carcinoma is rare and this is almost invasive lobular carcinoma. They are usually bilateral and frequent in premenopausal women. Diagnosis of symptomatic Krukenberg tumor is reported to be 1 or 2 year after the diagnosis of primary neoplasm. But sometimes it is discovered prior to the detection of the primary breast carcinoma. Unexpected ovarian micrometastasis was recognized after oophorectomy of normally appearing ovaries in breast cancer patients. Existence of Krukenberg tumor means advanced primary disease and possible metastasis to other organs, and have a poorer prognosis. We report a case of Krukenberg tumors occurred 3 years after the diagnosis of primary ductal type breast carcinoma.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Krukenberg Tumor* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Neoplasm Micrometastasis ; Ovariectomy ; Ovary* ; Prognosis

Primary idiopathic polymyositis is a condition of presumed autoimmune etiology in which the skeletal muscle is damaged by a nonsuppurative inflammatory process dominated by lymphocytic infiltration. We recently experienced a patient with primary idiopathic Polymyositis associated with hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia. About 4 months prior to admission, he was diagnosed as primary idiopathic polymyositis, and improved by treatment with prednisolone 60 mg/day. During steroid tapering, muscle weakness was recurred and accompanied by hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia. Despite retreatment with prednisolone 60 mg/day, muscle weakness, hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia persisted. He was then started to administer methotrexate(MTX) 15 mg/week which resulted in prompt improvement of muscle weakness, hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia. These findnigs suggest that primary idiopathic polymyositis is one of the cause of hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia, and that the hypoalbuminemia and thrombocytopenia can be improved promptly by methotrexate treatment.
Humans ; Hypoalbuminemia* ; Methotrexate ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Polymyositis* ; Prednisolone ; Retreatment ; Thrombocytopenia*

PURPOSE: This study describes how often complementary and alternative medical (CAM) therapies, what patterns of CAM therapies utilization, what types of CAM therapies and why CAM therapies are used in children and adolescent with chronic disease. METHODS: We interviewed and filled out questionnaires with parents of patients suffering from asthma, atopic dermatitis, congenital myopathy, epilepsy and so on from Mar 2004 to Aug 2004. RESULTS: Two hundred fifty two parents answered questionnaires; 160 cases (63.5 percent) had used CAM therapies. Utilization of CAM therapies according to each chronic disease was as follows: congenital myopathy (100 percent), atopic dermatitis (91.1 percent), asthma (72.5 percent), chronic diarrhea (50.0 percent), epilepsy (17.1 percent) etc. Types of CAM therapy were as follows: dietary supplement (31.1 percent), herb medicine (23.4 percent), massage (14.2 percent), acupuncture (4.6 percent) etc. Sixty four (40.0 percent) case underwent more than two types of CAM therapies simultaneously. One hundred thirty three (83.1 percent) case were asked through non-medical prescription. Ninety nine (61.9 percent) case were recognized positive effect of CAM therapies. Parents' and childrens' ages were influential factors in CAM therapies utilization: the older the parents and the younger the children, the higher the utilization. CONCLUSION: Although patients receive treatment with western medicine, many of them not only undergo CAM therapies, especially more than two types, but also recognize the positive effects of CAM therapies. As a result, we suggest that it is easy to use of CAM therapies, and the positive effects of CAM therapies are prominent, domestically. Therefore, medical approach and study about the effectiveness and side effects of CAM therapies is necessary to avoid the imprudent use of such therapies.
Acupuncture ; Adolescent* ; Asthma ; Child* ; Chronic Disease* ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Diarrhea ; Dietary Supplements ; Epilepsy ; Humans ; Massage ; Muscular Diseases ; Parents ; Prescriptions ; Surveys and Questionnaires