No abstract available.
Gallbladder ; Gallbladder Neoplasms

Childhood narcolepsy is one of the underdiagnosed diseases even the first symptoms often appear in childhood. Making diagnosis through history taking is not always easy because the symptoms of childhood narcolepsy are different from those of adulthood. Diagnostic laboratory tests such as sleep studies, tests for human leukocyte antigens, cerebrospinal fluid hypocretin measurement should be considered when the child has excessive daytime sleepiness without cataplexy. Treatment approach should be start as early as possible to avoid secondary academic, emotional difficulties. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological management, and close cooperation between parents and school teachers should be maintained. In the near future, childhood narcolepsy can be a key to understand the pathogenesis of narcolepsy.
Cataplexy ; Child ; HLA Antigens ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Narcolepsy ; Neuropeptides ; Parents ; Orexins

No abstract available.
Child* ; Constipation* ; Encopresis* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Infant ; Male ; Female ; Humans

Sleep problems and disorders are common in patients with cancer. Sleep of the cancer patients is affected by various factors, including thermoregulatory changes associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, cancer related symptoms, such as pain, fatigue, and emotional difficulties. As one of the most common symptoms in cancer patients, fatigue is positively correlated with sleep difficulties. Cytokine is also frequently associated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. It provokes excessive daytime sleepiness and hypersomnia. Medications for controlling pain, depression, and anxiety can affect sleep of the cancer patients. Medications as well as behavior therapy are reported to be effective for controlling sleep problems, and the physicians need to be accustomed to use the modalities appropriately. This paper reviews causative factors, evaluation, and management of sleep problems and disorders, experienced by cancer patients.
Anxiety ; Behavior Therapy ; Depression ; Disorders of Excessive Somnolence ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Sleep Wake Disorders

A gastrofiberscopic evaluation was performed on 65 children complaining of upper gastrointestinal symptoms who visited the pediatric department of Hanil hospital from March 1991 to September 1992. Gastrofiberscopy was done without local anesthesia of pharynx and heavy sedation. To identify H. pylori infection, biopsy specimen was taken from the gastric antrum since Feb. 1992. The specimens were examined using the rapid urease test and Giemsa stain. The results were as follows: 1) Twenty nine patients were male, 36 patients were female. The frequency of age distribution was 6% in 3~5 years, 42% in 6~10 years and 52% in 11~15 years. The most of cases were between 11~15 years of age(52%). 2) The indications were recurrent abdominal pain(40%), epigastric pain(34%), hematemesis(14%), abnormal UGI series(10%) and severe vomiting(2%) 3) Among 26 patients with recurrent abdominal pain, gastrofiberscopy showed acute superficial gastritis in 6 patients and duodenitis in 4. The rest of the patients were normal(16 patients). With regard to epigastric pain, out of 21 patients 7 showed acute gastritis and 4 patients had duodenitis. The rest 10 patients were normal. Of 9 patients examined endoscopically for upper GI bleeding, no focus of bleeding were identified in 2 patients. The remaining 7 patients were bleeding from acute gastritis (3 patients), gastric ulcer (1), duodenal ulcer (2) and esophageal varix (1). The majority of the patients who had some abnormality on UGI series was endoscopically normal (7/8) and only one patient had duodenitis. The patient with severe vomiting was normal. 4) Among 21 patients H. pylori infection was found in 6 patients (29%). Gastrofiberscopic findings were normal in 4 patients, duodenal ulcer in 1 and acute gastritis in 1 patient. Gastric biopsy findings in H. pylori infected patients were chronic active gastritis in 4 patients and normal in 1 patient. 5) There were no serious complications during the endoscopic procedure. It was concluded that upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was useful means of identifying the upper gastrointestinal pathology in children with upper GI symptoms. As a result of better understanding and technological advances, a changing trend of wider and more rational application of the procedure is evident.
Abdominal Pain ; Age Distribution ; Anesthesia, Local ; Azure Stains ; Biopsy ; Child* ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Duodenitis ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Female ; Gastritis ; Helicobacter pylori ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Pathology ; Pharynx ; Pyloric Antrum ; Stomach Ulcer ; Urease ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Diet* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Incidence* ; Infant*

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Parturition*

A single pedunculated slowly growing tumor was found on the right thigh of a 49 year-old woman. The tumor cells were largely those of eccrine poroma but the degree of the extension of the tumor cell masses, which occupied most of the dermis, were like that of invasive basal cell epithelioma. In addition there were areas where the cells show considerable atypia and dyskeratosis. These histopathological findings were compatible with eccrine poroepithelioma first reported by Mishima and Morioka(1969). The histologic differences between eccrine poroma, eccrine poroepithelioma and eccrine porocarcinoma were discussed.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Dermis ; Eccrine Porocarcinoma ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Poroma ; Thigh

BACKGROUND: It has been found that sterss challenge with heat shock produces the acquisition of cellular resistance to ischemin injury in the hearts, which is associated with stress protein induction. The conventional heat shock(42degrees C of rectal temperature for 15min, anesthetized animal), however, is strong enough to endanger the animal life and then not suitable for practiocal application in human. The present study was performedd in an attempt to search the safely applicabel stress modalities to acquire the myocardial tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion in jury. METHODS: Male, Sprague-Ddawley rats(200-250g) were exposed to various stressful conditions, such as heat stimulation(environmental temperature of 42degrees C for 30min, live animal), swimming(20min), immobilization(60min), treadmill exercise(20M/min, 30min) and hyperbaric oxygenation(3atm, 60min) given once a day for 5 days. Twenty-four hours after the last application the hearts were isolated and perfused with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit buffer solution by Langendorff method. Ischemia-reperfusion injury was produced by 20 min-global ischemia followed by 30 min-reperfusion. Cardiac mechanical function, lactate dehydrogenase release, the induction of stree proteins were assayed and compared dbetween the stressed dand the control animals. RESULTS: Upon reperfusion after ischemia the recovery of cardiac function was significantly improved in the stressed animals. The percentile recovery at 30min of reperfusion was in a range from 55.3%(swimming) to 89.3%(treadmill exercise), which was significantly higher than that of the control hearts(38%). The functional recovery of the conventional heat shocked heart was 57.7%. In stressed animals, lactate dehydrogenase release, which indicates myocardial cell injury, was significantly reduced by 20 to 30% compared to that for the control. The expression of an inducible form of 70 series stress protein, SP72, which was assayed by immunoblotting method, was markedly increased by heat stimulation while the other stress modalities failed to increase, it. There were no appreciable inductions of SP73(constitutive form) and GRR78 in the stressed animals. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the cardiac protection from the ischemia-reperfusion injury could be induced by the repetitive non-fatal stress stimulations and that SP70 family proteins may be partly involved in the cardioprotective effect produced by heat stimulation, but not play the essential roles in anti-ischemic effects produced by other stress modalities.
Animals ; Heart* ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Immunoblotting ; Ischemia ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; Male ; Oxygen ; Rats* ; Reperfusion ; Reperfusion Injury ; Shock