The fatty acid components and microviscosity of erythrocyte membrane in 39 type 2 diabetic patients with and without coronary heart disease(CHD) were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence polarization teachnique,and their relationship with insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and CHD were analyzed.The results showed that contents and composition of erythrocyte membrane arachidonic acid (AA,C20:4)were significantly lower in type 2 diabetic patients with or without CHD than those in control subjects (P＜0.01 and P＜0.05).The total fatty acids contents were also significantly lower in patients with CHD than those in normal subjects (P＜0.05).In patients with or without CHD,erythrocyte membrane microviscosity was significantly increased as compared with the controls (P＜0.01 and P＜0.05),and it was higher in diabetics with CHD than those without CHD (P＜0.05).AA contents of erythrocyte membrane was negatively correlated with microviscosity and positively correlated with insulin sensitivity index (ISI),while the microviscosities were negatively correlated with ISI in diabetics.AA,linoleic acid contents,microviscosity of erythrocyte membrane and ISI were all correlated with the incidence of CHD in diabetics.In diabetic patients,the fatty acid metabolic abnormality could cause the alterations of functions,structures and fluidity of erythrocyte membrane,thus may contributing to increased IRS and might be related to the incidence of CHD.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of emergency percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome(ACS).Methods A total of 233 patients(emergency group) were treated with emergency PCI within 48 h of heart attack and another 152 patients(delayed group) were treated with PCI after 3-14 days of medical therapy.All culprit lesions were treated.Procedural success rate,the time from admission to angina relief,the length of hospital stay and cardiac events incidence in 30 days were observed.Results The procedural success rates for the emergency group and the delayed group were similar(98.1% vs 95.5%),but cardiac events incidence in 30 days was significantly lower in the emergency group than that of the delayed group(2.9% vs 14.1%,P

Humans ; Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome

Objective To explore the efficacy of low dosage of olanzapine combined with fluoxetine in the treatment of depression.Methods A 8-week study was conducted in 130 patients met the diagnostic criteria for de- pression.Subjects were randomly assigned to two groups:fluoxetine(20mg/d)alone and olanzapine(2.5～5 mg/d) plus fluoxetine(20mg/d).They were evaluated with Hamilton depression scale(HAMD).Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA)at baseline,the 1 week,2 weeks,4 weeks and 8 weeks subsequently.Results(1)There were significant differences in the total scores and reduction rates of HAMD between two groups in every interview.(2)The combi- nation group had greater reduction in depressive and anxiety symptoms than that in fluoxetine group.(3)The re- sponse rate in combination group was higher than that of fluoxetine group in 1 week,2 weeks and 4 weeks.There were no significant differences in response and remission rate between combination group and fluoxetine group.Con- clusion The combination of olanzapine with fluoxetine demonstrated a rapid,effective antidepressant action.

Objective To identify predictive factors of survival to in-hospital children with post-cardiorespiratory arrest.Methods Eighty-seven patients who had cardiorespiratory arrest(CRA)and received cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)were reviewed from January 2006 to December 2008.The clinical data was analyzed to identify predictive factors of survival by Pearson X~2 test and multivariate and unconditioned Logistic regression analysis.Results Forty-three of eighty-seven cases received return of spontaneous circulation,the initial sunvival rate was 48.3%,31(35.6%)cases survived for 24 hours,19(21.8%)cases survived to hospital discharge.Primary diseases and complications,the type of arrest,tracheal intubation or not,the duration of CPR,the dose of adrenaline,the body temperature post-resuscitation for 24 hours,the glucose post resuscitation for 6 hours and complications were obviously associated with both initial and long-term survival.Logistic regression analysis revealed that primary diseases and the duration of CPR were predictive factors of both survival for 24 hours and hospital discharge,additionally,the body temperature post-resuscitation for 24 hours were predictive factor of survival to hospital discharge.Conclusion Initial and long-term survival rate of in-hospital children with post-resuscitation was both low.Primary diseases and complications,good quality CPR and management of post-resuscitation affect survival,especially primary diseases and the duration of CPR may predict initial survival and primary diseases,the duration of CPR and the body temperature post-resuscitation for 24 hours may predict long-term survival.

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder,which has a series of impact on the cardiovascular system.The dctection of some biochemical indicators plays an important role in predicting this kind of cardiovascular damage.The role of inflammatory predicting factors such as TNF-?,IL-6,CRP,IL-10,MMPs and ICAM-1 is reviewed in this paper.

OBJECTIVEThe study was designed to explore the value of the New York University Pediatric Heart Failure Index (NYU PHFI) for diagnosing and grading chronic heart failure in children.

METHODSTotally 105 children with chronic heart failure or structural heart disease but without signs and symptoms of heart failure were enrolled. They were diagnosed using modified Ross score, NYU PHFI and NT-proBNP, respectively. According to modified Ross score as the referent criteria, the diagnostic value of NYU PHFI in quantifying chronic heart failure severity in children was studied. Furthermore, according to the grading of heart failure using modified Ross score, the area under the ROC curves of NYU PHFI was examined, respectively, in order to find out the optimal cut-off point.

RESULTSNYU PHFI score was positively correlated with the modified Ross score (r = 0.909, P = 0.000). According to modified Ross score, NYU PHFI scores in different severity of heart failure in children differed significantly (F = 80.034, P = 0.000). A significantly positive correlation was found between plasma NT-proBNP and modified Ross score, and between NT-proBNP and NYU PHFI score. Correlation coefficients between plasma NT-proBNP and modified Ross score, and between plasma NT-proBNP and NYU PHFI score were 0.752 and 0.918, respectively. The correlation between NYU PHFI and plasma NT-proBNP was superior to that between modified Ross score and plasma NT-proBNP. According to modified Ross scores of 0 - 2 as being without heart failure, 3 - 6 as mild degree of heart failure, 7 - 9 as moderate degree of heart failure and 10 - 12 as severe degree of heart failure, the areas under the ROC curve of the NYU PHFI diagnosing if heart failure was present, differentiating moderate from mild and severe from moderate heart failure were 0.982, 0.942 and 0.918, respectively, and the sum of sensitivity and specificity was favorite when 6, 10 and 13 scores were set as cut-off value diagnosing the presence of heart failure, differentiating moderate from mild, and severe from moderate heart failure, respectively. According to above classification of heart failure based on NYU PHFI score, plasma NT-proBNP concentration was significantly different in different degree of heart failure (F = 53.31, P < 0.001). Plasma NT-proBNP concentration in those without heart failure was significantly lower than that of mild heart failure, and it was also significantly lower in mild heart failure than that of severe heart failure.

CONCLUSIONNYU PHFI was highly valuable for diagnosing chronic heart failure in children and 0 - 6 scores as being without heart failure, 7 - 10 scores as mild degree, 11 - 13 scores as moderate degree and 14 - 30 scores as severe degree of heart failure could be used as the reference criteria of different severities of heart failure.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Heart Failure ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Severity of Illness Index

Objective To construct a recombinant bacterial vaccine which can express specific 10-23 deoxyribozyme(DZ) in macrophage, identify the intracellular production of specific 10-23DZ and detect the activity of this recombinant bacterial vaccine on inhibiting the expression of TACO gene in macrophage.Methods The pSDE02 was obtained by inserting the replicon of Mycobacterium into pSDE01, a plasmid which can express 10-23DZ in eukaryotic cells. The expression sequence of DZ1, a 10-23DZ targeting the TACO mRNA of macrophage designed in our previous study was synthesized and inserted into pSDE02. The resulted plasmid was named pDZM01. pDZM01 was then transferred into Mycobacterium smegmatis by electroperation. The recombinant M. smegmatis, named rMs-DZ1 was screened on low-salt LB medium containing Zeocin and identified by Colony PCR. The targeted delivery property of recombinant M. smegmatis was observed by Ziehl-Heelson stain and GFP expression observation via fluorescence microscope. rMs-DZ1 was used to infect RAW264.7 cells and the expression of DZ1 in macrophage was identified by dot-blot assay. At 24 h and 48 h after infection, total RNA and proteins were extracted and the TACO mRNA and protein expression level was assayed by RT-PCR and western-blot respectively. Results Restrictive analysis and sequencing data showed that the Mycobacterium-eukaryotic cell shuttle plasmid pSDE02 and pDZM01 was successfully constructed. rMs-DZ1 was confirmed by colony PCR. When engulfed by macrophage, rMs-DZ1 would express DZ1 in RAW264.7 cells and inhibit the expression of taco gene. When compared to uninfected macrophage, rMs-DZ1 significantly reduced the taco mRNA by 67.90% and 57.14% and down-regulated the expression of TACO protein by 53.85% and 68.92% at 24 h and 48 h respectively. Conclusion A recombinant M. smegmatis vaccine was successfully constructed which could generate specific 10-23DZ in macrophage and inhibit the expression of target gene of interest. To our knowledge, this is the first bacterial vector which can express intracellularly 10-23DRz in targeted manner. This study may further prompt the feasibility of using 10-23 DNAzyme to achieve effective and targeted gene silence.

BACKGROUND:Microencapsulated cels are commonly used as a tool to overcome immune rejection after subarachnoid transplantation. However, the effect of microencapsulation on the secretion of human pheochromocytoma cels is unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the growth and secretion of primarily microencapsulated cultured human pheochromocytoma cels in artificial cerebrospinal fluid.
METHODS: The human pheochromocytoma tissues were digested successively to isolate human pheochromocytoma cels that were then cultured in artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Primary cels were covered with alginate-polylysine-alginate microcapsules, and then the cel morphology was observed with inverted phase contrast microscope. Levels of met-enkephalin and norepinephrine in cel culture medium were detected by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We used cel counting kit-8 colorimetric assay to obtain the growth curve of human pheochromocytoma cels in artificial cerebrospinal fluid.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Microcapsulated human pheochromocytoma cels were in suspension and the process outgrowth increased slowly. Compared with non-microcapsulated cels, the proliferation rate of microcapsulated cels increased significantly. ELISA results revealed a significant increase in the levels of met-enkephalin and norepinephrine secreted from the microencapsulated cels compared to the non-microcapsule group. There was a wide variation in contents of met-enkephalin and norepinephrine from different tumors. These findings indicate that microencapsulated human pheochromocytoma cels can survive wel and have good secretion function in artificial cerebrospinal fluid, and human pheochromocytoma cels from different tumor tissues have stable secretory function.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between left ventricular function and arterial stiffness of left femoral artery in patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease (LEAD).Methods Thirty-three patients with LEAD and 37 healthy subjects (control group) were enrolled in this study.The intima-media thickness (IMT),diameter and parameters of arterial stiffness [dispensability coefficient (DC),compliance coefficient (CC),stiffness α,stiffness β,pulse wave velocity (PWVβ) ]were measured by ultrasonography with the technology of QIMT and QAS.The thickness of the interventricular septum (IVSd),end-diastolic left ventricular diameter (LVDd) and left ventricular mass (LVM),and parameters of the left ventriculsr function (EF,E/A,E'/A',E/E' and Tei index) were measured by echocardiography.These parameters were compared between two groups.Correlations between the parameters of the arterial stiffness and those of the cardiac function were evaluated by Pearson correlative analysis.Results ①The IVSd,LVM and E/E' ratio were significantly higher in LEAD group than those in control group ( P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in EF,E/A,E'/A',and Tei index between two groups ( P ＞0.05).②The IMT,α,β,PWVβ of left femoral artery were significantly higher in LEAD group than those in control group,while DC and CC were significantly lower in LEAD group than those in control group ( P ＜0.05).③The E/E' ratio,one of the parameters representing the left ventricular diastolic function,was correlated negatively with CC and positively with α,β,and PWVβ ( P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).The E'/A' ratio was correlated positively with DC and CC,and negatively with α,β,and PWVβ ( P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01 ).Both EF and Tei index were not significantly correlated with the above parameters of arterial stiffness ( P ＞0.05).Conclusions Patients with LEAD have thickened femoral IMT,higher arterial stiffness of left femoral artery,as well as impaired left ventricular function.There is a close correlation between the atherosclerosis of the femoral artery and the early left vcntricular dysfunction.