AlM:To explore treatment efficacy of the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery in senile entropion.METHODS:Fifty cases (86 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients underwent lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition correction surgery as the experimental group, and the other 42 cases (68 eyes) of senile lower eyelid entropion patients received orbicularis muscle shortening correction as controls group. The correction rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate of patients were observed one week after surgery. The patients were followed up for 6~12mo to be observed the long-term recurrence rate, double eyelid symmetry and overcorrection rate.RESULTS: One week after operation, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05); After followed up for 6 ~12mo, eyelid symmetry, overcorrection rate of experimental group and control group had significant difference (P<0. 05). CONCLUSlON: Folding and orbicularis muscle shortening treatment of senile entropion was compared with the lower eyelid twitch muscle transposition surgery treatment of senile entropion, We can find that clinical results in double eyelid surgery symmetry and overcorrection rate are of obvious advantage.

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.

METHODSUrine samples from 100 patients suspected of having bladder cancer were collected before cystoscopy for immediate urine cytology and FISH analysis. The criteria for FISH abnormality were determined by evaluating the urine specimens from 20 subjects without urogenital neoplasm.

RESULTSThe overall sensitivity of cytology and FISH was 43.2% and 82.4%, and their specificity was 92.3% and 88.5%, with diagnostic concordance rate of 56.0% and 84.0%, respectively. The differences between FISH and cytology showed statistical significance in the sensitivity, diagnostic concordance rate, non-muscle-invasive cancer and primary cancer.

CONCLUSIONThe sensitivity and efficiency of FISH in the detection of bladder cancer are superior to those of cytology, especially for prophase cancer.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; diagnosis ; Cytodiagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Urine ; cytology ; Young Adult

The growth inhibitory effects of D-glucosamine hydrochloride (GlcNH(2).HCl), D-glucosamine (GlcNH(2)) and N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) on human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro were investigated. The results showed that GlcNH(2).HCl and GlcNH(2) resulted in a concentration-dependent reduction in hepatoma cell growth as measured by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. This effect was accompanied by a marked increase in the proportion of S cells as analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells treated with GlcNH(2).HCl resulted in the induction of apoptosis as assayed qualitatively by agarose gel electrophoresis. NAG could not inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells. GlcNH(2).HCl exhibited antitumor activity against Sarcoma 180 in Kunming mice at dosage of 125-500 mg/kg, dose of 250 mg/kg being the best. GlcNH(2).HCl at dose of 250 mg/kg could enhance significantly the thymus index, and spleen index and could promote T lymphocyte proliferation induced by ConA. The antitumor effect of GlcNH(2).HCl is probably host-mediated and cytocidal.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; DNA ; metabolism ; DNA Fragmentation ; drug effects ; Glucosamine ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Sarcoma 180 ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of Pyrola calliatha.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods. The structures were identified by spectral data.

RESULTTen compounds were isolated and identified as chimaphilin (1), uvaol(2), ursolic acid (3), 2beta,3beta,23-trihydroxy-12-ene-28-ursolic acid (4), daucosterol (5), 2alpha,3beta,23,24-tetrahydroxy-12-ene-28-ursolic acid (6), emodin (7), gallic acid (8), monotropein (9), adenosine (10).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 2,4,6,7,10 were obtained from this genus for the first time, compounds 5, 9 were obtained from this species for the first time. Antifungal activity of compounds 1-4, 6-9 were evaluated. Compound 1 showed the strong activity.

Antifungal Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; drug effects ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Naphthoquinones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Pyrola ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Shadu Cao Mixture (SDCM, traditional Chinese medicine) on immune functions of immunosuppression mice.

METHODSFifty BALB/C mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, SDCM low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose group. Except the blank control group, other groups were intraperitoneal injected with cyclophosphamide (40 mg/kg) to establish immunosuppression mice model. The blank control group and model group received gavage administration with nonnal saline, while the other groups received gavage administration with different doses of SDCM (10, 20, 40 m/kg for 15 days) respectively. The number of leukocytes and serum levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in peripheral blood, spleen index, and the function of NK cells were measured.

RESULTSCompared with the model group , SDCM increased the number of leukocytes and serum concentrations of IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ in peripheral blood and improved the spleen index and the function of NK cells significantly (P < 0.05-0.01).

CONCLUSIONSDCM could remarkably enhance the immune functions of immunosuppression mice induced by cyclophosphamide.

Animals ; Cyclophosphamide ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Immunosuppression ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Spleen ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human avian influenza A (H7N9 ) epidemic in Jiaxing City,and to provide scientific basis for the control and prevention of the disease.Methods The epidemiological and clinical information of 15 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9)reported from April, 2013 to May,2015 were collected.Sample of patients and external environmental samples of suspected exposure were collected and detected by real-time PCR.The epidemic distribution and clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results Fifteen cases of human infection with H7N9 were confirmed from April,2013 to May,2015,including 11 cases of death (77.33%).The confirmed cases mostly reported in winter and spring,and 9 confirmed cases were over 60 years,and male case proportion was higher than women (1.5∶1 ).Most of cases (66.67%)were sporadic and occurred in rural areas,but no epidemiological association was observed among the cases.Fever (100%),cough (66.67%),and wheezing and tightness in chest (33.33%)were common initial symptoms.The chest imaging examination of patients showed ground glass opacity and patchy consolidation,and 7 cases had simple pleural effusion.Twelve of confirmed cases had other chronic diseases.Eleven cases of death had appeared multiple medical comorbidities,such as respiratory failure (6/1 1 ),pulmonary embolism (4/1 1 ),multiple systemic organ failure (3/1 1 ),and heart cerebrovascular embolization (2/11).Twelve cases had been exposed to the live poultry markets where the positive rate of novel influenza A (H7N9) virus in environmental specimens was 7.69%(25/325).One of the 252 close contacts to confirmed cases appeared mild flu-like symptoms.No positive result related to novel influenza A (H7N9)virus nucleic acid was detected from each close contact's throat swabs.Conclusion Human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9)virus showed obvious seasonal distribution in Jiaxing.Elderly men,especially those with chronic diseases were the high risk people of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza.The infection might be associated with the exposure to live birds.Standard management of live poultry markets is the key measure in preventing and controlling H7N9 virus infection among population.

Background: Lateral compartmental osteoarthritis (LCOA), a major complication after medial mobile?bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), is highly associated with the increased stress of the lateral compartment. This study aimed to analyze the effects on the stress and load distribution of the lateral compartment induced by lower limb alignment and coronal inclination of the tibial component in UKA through a finite element analysis. Methods: Eight three?dimensional models were constructed based on a validated model for analyzing the biomechanical effects of implantation parameters on the lateral compartment after medial Oxford UKA: postoperative lower limb alignment of 3° valgus, neutral and 3° varus, and the inclination of tibial components placed in 4°, 2° valgus, square, and 2° and 4° varus. The contact stress of femoral and tibial cartilage and load distribution were calculated for all models. Results: In the 3° valgus lower limb alignment model, the contact stress of femoral (3.38 MPa) and tibial (3.50 MPa) cartilage as well as load percentage (45.78%) was highest compared to any other model, and was increased by 36.75%, 47.70%, and 27.63%, respectively when compared to 3° varus. In the condition of a neutral position, the outcome was comparable for the different tibial tray inclination models. The inclination did not greatly affect the lateral compartmental stress and load distribution. Conclusions: This study suggested that slightly varus (undercorrection) lower limb alignment might be a way to prevent LCOAin medial mobile?bearing UKA. However, the inclination (4° varus to 4° valgus) of the tibial component in the coronal plane would not be a risk factor for LCOA in neutral position.

Background: The lateral pillar of the femoral head is an important site for disease development such as osteonecrosis of the femoral head. The femoral head consists of medial, central, and lateral pillars. This study aimed to determine the biomechanical effects of early osteonecrosis in pillars of the femoral head via a finite element (FE) analysis. Methods: A three?dimensional FE model of the intact hip joint was constructed from the image data of a healthy control. Further, a set of six early osteonecrosis models was developed based on the three?pillar classification. The von Mises stress and surface displacements were calculated for all models. Results: The peak values of von Mises stress in the cortical and cancellous bones of normal model were 6.41 MPa and 0.49 MPa, respectively. In models with necrotic lesions in the cortical and cancellous bones, the von Mises stress and displacement of lateral pillar showed significant variability: the stress of cortical bone decreased from 6.41 MPa to 1.51 MPa (76.0% reduction), while cancellous bone showed an increase from 0.49 MPa to 1.28 MPa (159.0% increase); surface displacements of cortical and cancellous bones increased from 52.4 μm and 52.1 μm to 67.9 μm (29.5%) and 61.9 μm (18.8%), respectively. In addition, osteonecrosis affected not only pillars but also adjacent structures in terms of the von Mises stress and surface displacement levels. Conclusions: This study suggested that the early?stage necrosis in the femoral head could increase the risk of collapse, especially in lateral pillar. On the other hand, the cortical part of lateral pillar was found to be the main biomechanical support of femoral head.

OBJECTIVETo identify a rare α-thalassemia gene mutation in a family from south China and perform a pedigree analysis and genetic diagnosis of hemoglobin H (HbH) disease caused by this mutation.

METHODSPeripheral blood samples were collected from the family members for analysis of the hematological phenotype and routine test of thalassemia genes. DNA sequencing was carried out for samples that showed genotype and phenotype inconsistency.

RESULTSA rare α-thalassemia *92A>G gene mutation was detected within this family. The proband and his sister were confirmed to have non-deletional HbH disease with α--/αα genotype. The proband's brother was confirmed to have an α-thalassemia trait with the genotype of -α/αα. The proband's father was identified as an α-thalassemia silent carrier with the genotype of αα/αα.

CONCLUSIONA rare α-thalassemia *92A>G gene mutation was identified for first time in south China. The description of the basic phenotypic characteristics of α-thalassemia trait and silent carrier caused by this mutation enriches the α-thalassemia gene mutation spectrum in Chinese population and helps in population screening, clinical molecular diagnosis and genetic counseling.

OBJECTIVETo investigate subtype and genetic analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1).

METHODSDNA sequences were amplified by nested-PCR from uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from 100 HIV-1 patients from Guangdong Province. The C2 to V3 region of the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of HIV-1 was sequenced directly. The analysis of the gene-based phylogenetic tree and variation of amino acid were carried out by using Wisconsin software package or genetics computer group (GCG).

RESULTSDNA fragments were amplified from 75 PBMC samples by using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequence analysis showed that there were 3 HIV-1 subtypes or circulating recombinant forms (CRF): CRF01-AE (n = 44), CRF-BC (n = 27) and B' (n = 4).

CONCLUSIONSThree HIV-1 subtypes or circulating recombinant forms: CRF01-AE, CRF-BC and B' might be circulating in Guangdong Province. Findings from this study suggested that several subtypes might exist in Guangdong Province and the epidemic situation of AIDS be serious. It should be a challenge for Guangdong Province in treating patients, preventing and controlling AIDS in the future.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; blood ; epidemiology ; virology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Base Sequence ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; DNA, Viral ; Female ; HIV-1 ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein Isoforms