The effect of radiation on the liver should be of unusual interest in as much as there are two highly specialized kinds of epithelium besides an important endothelial system and vascular and fibrous elements tocompare, But there are several difficulites in the way of knowledge of the sensitivity and reaction of the liverto radiation. Perhaps the most important is the regenerative abillity of the liver cells. It has been assumed that the liver as an organ is relatively resistant to radiation injury. Yet there are reports of necrosis of the liverin man resulting from doses of radiation which have not caused a skin reaction or any demonstrable effect on the stomach. The author made an experiment to elucidate more clearly the changes in resum enezymes and histopathology of rat's liver following irradiation to the liver with a single dose of 2,000 rads. The resuls obtained are asfollows; 1. Serum SGOT activities were significatnly elevated, 1 and 2 weeks after irradiation, and normalized after 4 weeks. 2. Serum SGPT activities were significantly elevated 2 weeks after irradiation, and normalized after4 weeks. 3. Alakline phosphatase activity were significantly elevated 1, 2 and 4 weeks after irradiation, and normalized after 8 weeks. 4. Histopathologic changes were focal necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, loss of intra cytoplasmic glycogen particles, and vacuolar degenerations of hepatocytes. It appeared marked 2 weeks after irradiation, restored after 4 weeks, and normalized after 8 weeks.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Cytoplasm ; Epithelium ; Glycogen ; Hepatitis ; Hepatocytes ; Liver ; Necrosis ; Radiation Injuries ; Skin ; Stomach

Gerstmann syndrome that was caused by a traumatic origin was very rare. We have reported a case of typical Gerstmann syndrome which was caused by a localized head injury. The case showed finger agnosia, right-left disorientation, acalculia and dysgraphia. And also the case revealed amnesic dysphasia and autotopagnosia. The lesion was an egg-shell typed depressed fracture(4 cm in diameter) of the left inferior parietal bone associated with the intracerebral hematoma in the lower parietal lobe which seemed to be the transitional area of the angular gyrus and the second occipital convolution.
Agnosia ; Agraphia ; Aphasia ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dyscalculia ; Gerstmann Syndrome* ; Hematoma ; Parietal Bone ; Parietal Lobe

We have reported a case of dumbbell shaped maligfnant melanoma which developed and formed a large mass(2x7x5 cm) in the frontal scalp at the midline, eroded the bone, and invaded directly into the epidural region through the bony defect and formed another large tumor(3x7x8 cm) in the frontal fossa. Several small nodules of malignant melanoma were found in the anterior chest wall, too. In spite of the huge mass in the frontal fossa the case developed only dull headache without any neurological deficits. The frontal mass was successfully excised, of which pathological finding showed malignant melanoma.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; Headache ; Melanoma* ; Scalp ; Thoracic Wall

A case of the cryptococcal meningitis is reported and the literature reviewed. A cryptococcosis is the most common form of fungal infection of the nervous system. The disease may simulate tuberculous meningitis, tumor of the brain, encephalitis and various psychosis. Our case is no significant symptoms and sings before the head trauma which was accompanied by transient loss of consciousness. The patient's symptoms and signs were aggravated by the head trauma (a mild cerebral concussion only). The patient expired on the 10th hospital day. The cryptococcal meningitis was proved by autopsy.
Autopsy ; Brain ; Brain Concussion ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Cryptococcosis ; Encephalitis ; Humans ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal* ; Nervous System ; Psychotic Disorders ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; Unconsciousness

A case of the cryptococcal meningitis is reported and the literature reviewed. A cryptococcosis is the most common form of fungal infection of the nervous system. The disease may simulate tuberculous meningitis, tumor of the brain, encephalitis and various psychosis. Our case is no significant symptoms and sings before the head trauma which was accompanied by transient loss of consciousness. The patient's symptoms and signs were aggravated by the head trauma (a mild cerebral concussion only). The patient expired on the 10th hospital day. The cryptococcal meningitis was proved by autopsy.
Autopsy ; Brain ; Brain Concussion ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Cryptococcosis ; Encephalitis ; Humans ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal* ; Nervous System ; Psychotic Disorders ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal ; Unconsciousness

PURPOSE: Colorectal resection for elderly patients is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is still unclear whether or not laparoscopic colorectal resection (Lap CR) is indicated in elderly patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcome of colonic surgery in elderly patients and to assess the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic colorectal surgery in elderly patients. METHODS: Patient characteristics and perioperative and pathologic data on 295 patients who underwent Lap CR for cancer from Jan. 2004 to Aug. 2011 were prospectively collected. Exclusion criteria were emergency and palliative by-pass surgery. Outcomes for elderly patients (> or =75 years) were compared with those of younger patients (<75 years). RESULTS: In comparison of 257 younger patients (<75 years, median age 61 years), 38 elderly patients (> or =75 years, median age 79 years) showed a greater proportion off emale gender (52.6% vs. 37.0%, p=0.065) and American Society of Anesthesiologists score 2~3 (97.3% vs.42.0%, p<0.001). No differences in tumor location, median operative time, conversion rate, duration of hospital stay, and perioperative complications (23.7% vs. 30.0%, p=0.427) were observed between the two groups. Distributions of American Joint Committee on Cancer stages and number of harvested lymph nodes were comparable between groups. CONCLUSION: Although elderly patients are more likely to be affected by co morbidities, postoperative outcome in this group after Lap CR is comparable with that of younger patients. Use of Lap CR in elderly patients is safe, and is associated with a low morbidity. It should be also regarded as the optimal approach for very elderly patients.
Aged ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Colorectal Surgery ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Joints ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Lymph Nodes ; Operative Time ; Prospective Studies

PURPOSE: To gain insight on transcriptional repression of Topo II a in HL-60 cells arrested to G2/M and M phase, the levels of Topo IIa mRNA and the binding activity of ATF have been investigated with Northern blot hybridization and DNA mobility shift assay, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HL-60 cells were grown in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% heat-mactivated fetal bovine serum and antibiotics in a humidified 5% CO2 at 37C degree. Total RNA was prepared by a modification of the method of Karlinsey et al. Northern blot hybridization was performed by the method of Virca et al. A Xho I-Mlu I fragment of phTOP2 was used as probe for Northern blot analysis of Topo II a mRNA. DNA mobility shift assay was performed by the method of Lim et al. End labeled DNA oligomer (upper strand, 5-TCTCCGCTATGACGCCGAGTGGTG-3) for ATF binding activity was mixed with nuclear extracts in a 20 pl reaction volume containing 60 mM KC1, 12 mM HEPES, pH 7.9, 5 mM MgCl2, 0.2 mM EDTA, 0.2 mM DTT, 12% glycerol, and 2 ug of poly [dI-dC]. RESULTS: HL-60 cells were arrested at G2/M phase and M phase after taxol or nocodazole treatment. The levels of Topo II a mRNA were reduced at 24 hours after exposure with nocodazole or taxol but the unknotting activities were not changed. DNA mobility shift assay using oligonucleotide containing the ATF binding site showed that ATF binding activity was reduced after pretreatment of nododazole or taxol. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the reduction of ATF binding activity may be important to transcriptional repression of Topo II a gene by nocodazole and taxol in HL- 60 cells.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Binding Sites ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Division* ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I* ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type II* ; DNA* ; Edetic Acid ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Genes, vif ; Glycerol ; HEPES ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Magnesium Chloride ; Nocodazole ; Paclitaxel ; Repression, Psychology ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger

Bone marrow necrosis is infrequently diagnosed during life, and its presence often signifies a poor prognosis. It has been associated with a variety of disease, including acute and chronic leukemia, carcinoma, malignant lymph oma, infection and sickle cell disease. About 5-26% of acute myeloid leukemia has been reported to express lymphoid differentiation markers, of which CD7 is ex pressed very early during T-cell ontogeny. A 46-year-old male complaining severe bone pain had pancytopenia, leukoerythroblastosis and bone marrow necrosis. Peripheral blood immature cells expressed CD7 as well as myeloid markers such as CD13 and CD33 on immunophenotypic studies. We report a case of CD7 positive acute myeloid leu kemia associated with bone marrow necrosis, confirmed by bone marrow biopsy and immunophenotypic study.
Anemia, Sickle Cell ; Antigens, Differentiation ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow* ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis* ; Pancytopenia ; Prognosis ; T-Lymphocytes

Hemangiopericytoma of the bone is a rare malignant tumor, which usually originates in the femur and the pelvic bone of the adult. Heman-giopericytoma is often not a primary tumor but a secondary tumor associated with extraskeletal metastasis. We experienced a case of hemangiopericytoma, which originated from the retroperitoneum and had multiple metastasis to the scapula, proximal femur, cervical spine, and which converted from low grade to high grade.
Adult ; Femur ; Hemangiopericytoma* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pelvic Bones ; Scapula ; Spine

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV core protein has been shown to modulate various cellular signaling pathways including the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway which is associated with inflammation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, there have been conflicting reports about the effect of HCV core protein on NF-κB pathway, and the mechanism by which the core protein affects NF-κB activity remains nuclear. In this study, the functional interaction of HCV core protein and IκB kinase γ (IKKγ) was investigated using the expression plasmids of core and the components of IKK complex. The data revealed that HCV core protein activates NF-κB. Also, HCV core protein up-regulated the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα. The activating effect of HCV core protein on NF-κB was synergistically elevated by IKKγ. It was noticed that the N-terminal IKKβ binding site, C-terminal leucine zipper, and zinc finger domains of IKKγ are not necessary for its synergistic effect. HCV core protein and IKKγ appeared to activate NF-κB by up-regulating the IKKβ activity resulting in the degradation of IκBα. As expected, HCV core protein induced the expression of NF-κB-targeted pro-inflammatory genes such as iNOS, IL-1β and IL-6 in the transcription level. These results suggest that HCV core protein induces NF-κB through the interaction with IKKγ and may play a critical role in the development of inflammation and related liver diseases.
Apoptosis ; Binding Sites ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Proliferation ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; Leucine Zippers ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Diseases ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases ; Plasmids ; Zinc Fingers