No abstract available.
Walking*

Spontaneous separation of symphysis pubis during vaginal delivery is reported to be a rare complication with the incidence ranging from 1:521 to 1:30,000 deliveries. This injury is associated with sharp pain, swelling, tenderness over the symphysis pubis, and difficult in walking. Diagnosis of spontaneous separation of the symphysis is mostly based on clinical findings and confirmed radiographically. Complete recovery might be achieved after conservative treatment and the prognosis is excellent. We have experienced three cases of separation of the symphysisis during vaginal delivery, so we present these cases with a brief review of the literature.
Diagnosis ; Incidence ; Prognosis ; Walking

The authors obtained the following results through comparative investigation between experiences from authors clinical study of ureterolithotomy by posterior vertical incision devised by Gil-Vernet and Yoon`s clinical study of ureterolithotomy by posterior vertical incision and his lumbar incision. 1. Operation time was average 62 min. and blood loss was average about 50cc. So operation time and blood loss were similar to Yoon`s result but more or less reduced as compared with lumbar incision. 2. Postoperative urine leakage and ambulation time were 1 day and 2 day that were more or less reduced as compared with Yoon`s result. 3. Ipsilateral lower abdominal wall protrusion was noted postoperatively. We think, this is from subcostal nerve injury. 4. Postoperatively sensation change on subcostal nerve, ilohypogastric nerve and ilioinguinal nerve innervation sites were noted in half of all, but disappeared in several weeks. Considering above results, while posterior vertical incision has merits such as minimal operative invasion and early postoperative ambulation time, but it often notes inevitable nerve damage. So, we think better results would be gained by careful attention to nerve and vascular distribution.
Abdominal Wall ; Sensation ; Walking

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the mechanical stability of three types of plate systems for opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight fresh frozen porcine tibia specimens were assigned to three different fixation device groups: Aescular group (16 specimens) was fixed with Aescular plates; Puddu group (16 specimens) with a Puddu plate, and TomoFix group (16 specimens) with a TomoFix plate. We compared axial displacements under compression loads from 200 to 2,000 N and maximal loads at failure among 8 specimens per group. We also compared displacements under cyclic load after 100 cycles at a compressive load of 2,000 N among 8 specimens per group. RESULTS: In all three groups, displacement under compression load increased with the increase in the axial compressive load; however, no significant intergroup differences were observed in the mean values under tested loading conditions. The mean maximal loads at failure were not significantly different (6,055, 6,798, and 6,973 N in the Aescular, Puddu, and TomoFix groups, respectively; p=0.41). While the TomoFix group showed less extension and strain during the cyclic load test, the mean values showed no significant differences among groups. CONCLUSIONS: All three plate systems were found to provide fixation stability suitable for bearing axial compression and cyclic loads while walking.
Knee ; Osteotomy ; Tibia ; Walking

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined training using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) patterns and treadmills on the balance and walking ability of stroke patients. METHODS: Twenty-three stroke patients were randomized into a control group (n=11), receiving only treadmill training and an experimental group (n=12) receiving combined training. The use of both PNF exercise and treadmill were implemented in the combined training. Interventions were performed 5 times a week for 6 weeks. Balance ability was measured by a timed up and go (TUG) test. Walking ability was measured by a 10-meter walk test (10MWT) and a 6-minute walk test (6MWT). A paired t-test was used to compare differences between pre- and post-intervention and independent t-tests were used to compare between groups. RESULTS: Changes in TUG, 10MWT, and 6MWT before and after interventions were significantly different for both the experimental group and the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, within-group changes in the TUG, 10MWT, and 6MWT were more effective in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Combined training using PNF techniques and treadmills may be useful in improving the balance and walking ability of stroke patients.
Humans ; Stroke* ; Walking*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Stroke* ; Walking*

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of visual cues/prompts to promote On-the-job physical activities. DESIGN: Cross-over experimental design, using On-the-Job Physical Activity Questionnaire. SETTING: A four-storey building of a government corporation. PATIENTS: Responses of 289 randomly selected government employees who hold office in the fourth floor were deemed evaluable out of 561 (52 percent, response rate). INTERVENTIONS: The control and experimental groups baseline on-the-job physical activity were measured and compared to their post-intervention physical activity. For Phase 1, after a one-week waiting period, a "walk" sign and a "stair" sign visual prompt were placed in the corridors and elevator entrances of the employees in their building for two weeks for the intervention group whereas the control had none. A one-week wash-out period was made. Then, phase 2 commenced with the visual prompts now placed in the building of the previous control group, and the previous experimental group now had no prompts (the cross-over). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of the baseline physical activity with the post-interventional activity using the Chi-square goodness of Fit Test. RESULTS: The post-intervention group showed improved walking and use of stairs in their time on-the-job spent. CONCLUSION: Visual prompts promote the use of walking and climbing stairs among government workers in their office in a corporate setting.
WALKING, ; WORKPLACE ; EXERCISE

The purpose of the present study were to evaluate microleakage of a fourth generation dentin-bonding agent following a walking bleaching treatment, to determine the effect of temporary postbleaching dressing with calcium hydroxide on microleakage and to investigate the effect of delayed intracoronal restoration on microleakage. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Bleached groups showed more microleakage than unbleached group. 2. Immediately restored group following bleaching procedure showed the highest microleakage score. 3. One-week delayed restorations showed less microleakage but there were no statistically significant difference between group II and III. 4. Provisional dressing with calcium hydroxide had no influence on microleakage. It is necessary to know the time that has elapsed from the bleaching treatment to the restoration procedure to achieve optimal seal, as well as to reduce the risk of microleakage in adhesive restoration.
Adhesives ; Bandages ; Calcium Hydroxide ; Walking

Walking is the simplest form of physical activity. 10,000 steps daily is associated with significant improvement in health outcomes. However, the extent of awareness regarding walking and whether or not 10,000 steps daily are being exercised by many are still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on walking among university employees. A cross sectional study was conducted in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur Campus) involving 127 academic and administrative employees. All participants wore a pedometer for three continuous working days to determine daily steps and completed a validated KAP and sociodemographic questionnaires. Results showed that participants recorded an overall mean (± SD) of 7506 ± 3764 steps/day. According to pedometer thresholds proposed by Tudor-Locke and Bassett, 29% males and 22% females were classified as ‘sedentary’ (<5000 steps/day), while 24% males and 13% females were classified as ‘active’ (>10,000 steps/day). The mean ± SD for knowledge, attitude and practice scores were 10.9 ± 2.0 (84%), 33.0 ± 2.4 (66%) and 12.90 ± 3.8 (72%) respectively. Academic employees had higher knowledge scores on walking activity compared to administrative employees (p<0.05). Females had better attitude scores compared to males (p<0.05). The scores for practice in employees aged 29-35 years were higher than in those aged 51-58 years (p<0.05). Daily steps correlated positively with practice scores. Age group, job types and modes of transportation were significant factors in predicting daily steps (p<0.05). In conclusion, a majority of the university employees (33%) in this study were categorized as ‘low active’ despite being aware of the recommended 10,000 steps/day. Interventions aimed to increase walking activity are perhaps useful among university employee.
Walking ; pedometer ; knowledge ; attitude ; practice

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship and difference of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) between normal population and stroke patients, and to examine the relationship of the SPPB that used to assess lower extremity function in old, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Modified Barthel Index (MBI) in stroke patients. METHOD: One hundred and fifty nine stroke patients and 159 sex, age-matched normal population were included. All subjects were enrolled to interview and administer the SPPB and FIM, MBI. The SPPB included assessment of standing balance, a walking speed (timed 4 m walk), and chair stand (timed test of rising 5 times from a chair). RESULTS: The stroke patients showed significantly lower SPPB score than control group. The age, sex, direction of affection, and duration of stroke did not influence SPPB score respectively. In comparison of FIM and MBI, SPPB was significantly correlated with FIM and MBI, especially motor subtotal score of FIM. CONCLUSION: SPPB may be useful tool to assess and predict the physical function in stroke patients.
Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Stroke ; Walking