PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of switching to aflibercept in diabetic macular edema (DME) with suboptimal response to previous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections. METHODS: A prospective interventional case series study recruited patients from a single center diagnosed with DME with suboptimal response to anti-VEGF injections. Three consecutive monthly injections of aflibercept were performed. The primary outcome measure was mean change in visual acuity after switching to aflibercept. RESULTS: Forty-two patients (42 eyes) were included. Baseline logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity was 0.87 ± 0.23 and improved significantly to 0.62 ± 0.29, 0.56 ± 0.34, and 0.46 ± 0.35 at 1, 2, and 3 months, respectively, after the first injection. Mean baseline retinal thickness was 451.57 ± 107.09 µm and decreased significantly at 1, 2, and 3 months after switching to aflibercept (346.52 ± 79.03, 328.24 ± 81.98, and 313.71 ± 85.79 µm, respectively). Both visual improvement and mean change in retinal thickness were significant in patients with pre-aflibercept best-corrected visual acuity less than 1.0 logMAR but were not significant in patients with best-corrected visual acuity more than 1.0 logMAR. CONCLUSIONS: Switching to aflibercept in DME patients with an unsatisfactory response to previous anti-VEGF injections provided acceptable short-term visual and retinal architectural improvement.
Diabetic Retinopathy ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; Humans ; Macular Edema ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Prospective Studies ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity

Objectives: To describe the epidemiological and clinical profile, treatment and outcome for hydatid diseases among the patients admitted to Hamad General Hospital. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out on patients admitted to Hamad General Hospital between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2013. Descriptive statistics including range and percentage were used in analyzing the patient characteristics and laboratory parameters. Results: Hydatid disease was confirmed in 32 patients. The mean age of them was (35.59±13.00) years (range: 11-67 years) and 90.6% (29/32) of them were non-Qataris with male predominance. The main presenting symptom was abdominal pain 71.9% (23/32) followed by fever 45.9% (15/32). The main presenting sign was hepatomegaly 62.5% (20/32). Single organ involvement was found in 87.5% (28/32) and the common site involved was the liver 81.3% (26/32) followed by the lung 15.6% (5/32). The diagnosis was established by abdominal ultrasound and/or abdominal CT and confirmed by serology in all patients. The diagnosis was confirmed by histology in 90.6% (29/32) patients. All patients received albendazole, and 90.6% (29/32) patients had surgical intervention. Duration of albendazole therapy was (53.9±51.5) d. All patients were cured. Conclusions: Hydatid disease is uncommon in Qatar. It occurs mainly among non-Qataris from endemic areas and affects the liver mostly. Surgical intervention and albendazole administration are highly effective.