Prescription teaching is a routine task in medical colleges.However it is not a separate course,which can be undertaken by different teaching units or courses,and is not mentioned in training program.So,there are many problems in teaching practice,such as indefiniteness in responsibility,simplification of teaching settings,maladjustment to teaching and training objective and so on.Thus administrative department and major leaders should deepen the understanding of prescription teaching,take full account of its position in planning the training program,and make it more scientific to meet the needs of professional training.

Immunocytochemistry, flowcytometry and nucleic acid in situ hybridization were used to observe the effect of sodium tanshinon Ⅱ-A silate (DS201) on proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) induced by hypoxic endothelial cell condition medium (HECCM). The results showed that DS201 could obviously hinder PASMC to enter S phase from G0/G1 phase (P<0.05), and decrease the expression of PCNA and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A and B chain mRNA in PASMC respectively, (P<0.01). It was suggested that DS201 could probably inhibit the prolifertion of PASMC mediated by HECCM, through down-regulating the expression of PDGF-A and B chain gene.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine metabolic disorder of reproductive age women,often accompanied by obesity,hyperandrogenism,hyperinsulinemia,insulin resistance (IR),and other metabolic syndrome (MS).Oxidative stress (OS) is considered as a potential inducing factor in the pathogenesis of PCOS at present.Glucagon-like peptide-1 (glp-1) receptor agonist and analogues as new therapeutic agents in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),can lose weight,improve IR,resist OS and reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines,thus they have been widely used in the clinical application of patients with PCOS.The author reviews the latest advances of glucagon-like peptide-1 on polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum CEA, CA19-9 and CA724 in patients with colonic carcinoma. Methods Serum levels of CEA, CA19-9 and CA724 were detected with ELISA in 89 patients suffering from colonic cancer. Results The positive rates of CEA, CA19-9 and CA724 in Dukes' stages C and D patients were remarkably higher than those in Dukes' stages A and B patients(64% vs 26%,46% vs 22%,26% vs 8% respectively, P

Objective To study the application of multi‐tumor marker protein chip for early tumor screening and diagnosis . Methods From Nov .2011 to Dec .2015 ,10 736 samples ,including people receiving physical examination and with high risk of canc‐er in Fengcheng Hospital were collected .Twelve tumor markers in serum(AFP ,CEA ,NSE ,CA125 ,CA153 ,CA242 ,CA199 ,PSA ,f‐PSA ,FER ,β‐HCG and HGH)were measured by multi‐tumor markers protein chip detective system ,and the results were analyzed . Results We found out 967 samples with positive markers in the 10 736 samples .Of which ,496 were male and 471 were female ,the positive rate were 4 .62% and 4 .39% respectively .Totally 473 were diagnosed with tumor confirming by clinical pathology ,postive diagnosis rate was 48 .91% .Conclusion The multi‐tumor marker protein chip (C12 system) can detect multiple tumor markers simultaneously to improve screening process and achieve rapid detection ,w hich has higher positive detectiong rate and clinical value on diagnosing malignant tumor in early stage .

To investigate the inhibitive effect of the co-culture supernatant of Toxoplasma gondii on the proliferation of human colon cancer cell line sw480 and/or its induced apoptosis and necrosis in vitro,the co-culture model of sw480 cells (1x10~6) was established with different number of Toxoplasma gondii (the concentration of tachyzoites was 2×10~6,4×10~6,8×10~6,16×10~6 respectively),and the co-culture supernatants were gathered 72 hours later.The sw480 cells were treated for different hours with different models of the co-culture supernatant.The parasitism and proliferation of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in sw480 cells was observed by Giemsa staining,and the growth inhibition rates of these cells were investigated by the CKK-8 method.Meanwhile,the apoptosis and necrosis of sw480 cells were detected with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence microscopy with Hochest 33258 staining to observe the morphological changes of sw480 cells.Agarose electrophoresis was used to detect the DNA change of sw480 cells,and flow cytometric analysis was used for investigation of rates of apoptosis and necrosis of these cells stained with Annexin-v-FITC/PI.It was found that the parasitism and proliferation of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in sw480 cells could be observed;and as demonstrated by the CKK-8 method,the inhibitive effect of the co-culture supernatant depended upon the treatment time,and a maximum inhibition ratio of 44.55% was detected at 48 hours.The karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis in the treated sw480 cells were observed under the fluorescence microscope;and the cellular necrosis were observed under TEM.In addition,the DNA fragments in the treated cells were revealed by agarose electrophoresis.In the flow cytometric analysis,a maximum prophase apoptosis rate of 11.54% was detected at 48 hours after treatment with the supernatants,while the rate of prophase apoptosis decreased,and the rates of advanced stage/necrosis increased markedly at the treatment time beyond 48 hours.It is concluded that the co-culture supernatant of Toxoplasma gondii and human colon cancer cell sw480 cell line can induce inhibition of proliferation,apoptosis and necrosis of this cell line in vitro.

Objective　To study the predictive value of islet cell antibody (ICA),64KD protein antibody(64KDAb) and insulin auto-antibody (IAA) in the first-degree relatives of type 1 diabetics.Methods　The determination of islet autoantibody distribution in type 1 diabetes patients,first-degree relatives without diabetes and normal individuals was made.Results　The results revealed that ICA and 64KDAb positive rate in type I diabetes patients and their first-degree relatives was significantly higher than normal individuals.The positive rate of 64KDAb is higher than that of ICA and IAA. Conclusion　These results suggest that 64KDAb's sensitivity is higher than ICA and IAA's,so 64KDAb is more valuable as the marker of predicting type 1 diabetes.The combined determination of ICA,64KDAb and IAA might improve the value for predicting diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Arterial injury surrounding the mandibular angle is very common during mandibular angle ostectomy. The retromandibular vein is susceptible to injury owing to thin vascular wall and deep location. Anatomical studies regarding the retromandibular vein are rarely reported.OBJECTIVE: To observe the construction, branches, backstreaming of the retromandibular vein and its relation to the facial nerve and mandibular angle.METHODS: Twenty formalin-fixed adult cadavers (40 samples) were randomly selected. Bilateral retromandibular veins and their branches were cleaned. The construction, branches, backstreaming of the retromandibular vein and its relation to the facial nerve and mandibular angle were anatomically observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The retromandibular vein originated constantly and provided an average length of (4.51±2.01) cm, with an average outer diameter of (0.52±0.28) cm at the origination part. A total of 34 samples showed that the retromandibular vein was formed by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins, and six samples showed that the retromandibular vein originated from the superficial temporal vein. The retromandibular vein divided into two types according to the backstreaming and course: one type consisted of the anterior and posterior branches: the anterior branch mostly drained into the internal jugular vein and minorly drained into the external jugular vein; the posterior branch was joined by the posterior auricular vein and became the external jugular vein. Another type of retromandibular vein without the anterior and posterior branches directly connected with the posterior auricular vein and entered the external jugular vein. The retromandibular vein had the following branches (appearance frequency): facial transverse vein (88%), mandibular articular vein (98%), parotid veins (95%),anterior auricular veins (58%), styloid process vein (43%). 88% of the retromandibular vein was located in the superior and inferior trunks of the facial nerve and in the medial branches. The retromandibular vein connected with facial nerve trunk or major branches in a decussated fashion. 75% of the arc-shaped structures formed by the retromandibular vein and its branches coursed close to the inferior and posterior border of the mandibular angle, and 25% of the arc-shaped structures were not close to the lowest point of the mandibular angle. The thin periosteum between the venous wall and cortical bone was just the position of ostectomy line of mandibular angle. The retromandibular vein was easily injured no matter in vein dissection or ostectomy.

Objective To investigate the effects of HO-1 on renal allografts after HO-1 gene transfection in rat chronic allograft nephropathy model. Methods Twenty F344 and twenty-six Lewis rats were included in this experiment. They were divided into 3 groups at random. Six Lewis rats were in pseudo-operation group, 10 Lewis were in empty carrier group (transfected with adenovirus) and 10 Lewis were in the gene transfection group (transfected with Ad-HO-1 adenovirus). The expression of HO-1 protein was detected by WB at the 1st ,2nd,3rd and 4th week. The content of creatinine in blood was assayed at the 4th,8th, 12th and the 16th week. The weight of rat, the value of patholiogical changes and the expression of ?-SMA,TGF-?1 and PDGF-B were analysized at the 16th week. Results The weight of rats in 3 groups had not any changes at 16th week. The content of creatinine in blood of gene transfection group were lower than those in the empty carrier group. The expression of HO-1 protein were very high in the 1st and 2nd week and decreased at 3rd and 4th week. The Banff value of kidney in the gene transfer group was better than that of the empty carrier group at the 16th week. The level of ?-SMA, TGF-?1 and PDGF-B in the gene transfection group were significantly lower than those in the empty carrier group. Conclusions Ad-HO-1 could efficiently transfer HO-1 gene into rat donor kidney. The prevention of chronic allograft nephropathy may have relationship with the decreasing expression of ?-SMA, TGF-?and PDGF-B.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia caused by multifactors.The incidence of type 2 diabetes is gradually increased.Its prevention and treatment are paid more and more attention.Intestinal flora is one of the hot spots in recent years.A large number of studies have shown that intestinal flora is closely related to the occurrence and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Intestinal flora is expected to be a new direction for the improvement and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.In this paper,the relationship between type 2 diabetes and intestinal microflora in recent years,pathogenesis and treatment were summarized.