Medical ethics has its own characteristics on curriculum setup,teaching goals,the structure of teaching staff in America,France and China,It is beneficial for our feform in education in medical ethics to learn and refer to the experiencs of the success abroad.

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; cytology ; physiology ; Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels ; physiology ; Neurons ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The rational design of teaching contents of physical pharmacy plays an important role in the class teaching.Some practices of designing teaching contents are expounded in detail,including the combination with teaching cases,the integration of the teaching contents,the combination with the research results of the physical pharmacy,and the combination with the pharmaceutical experiments of traditional Chinese medicine.The innovation of this research is the combination of theory and practice and the infiltration between teaching and scientific research.It also puts forward some measures such as continually accumulating and improving the related material,and constructing a rich,shared source material storehouse,etc..

Thyroid carcinoma is one of the most common diseases in the head and neck area. With the advance of innovative technologies like ultrasound ,fine-needle aspiration and PET-CT, the number of patients diagnosed as thyroid carcinoma has grow rapidly during the past ten years. As a special structure in papillary tumors and appearing as microcalcification in the imaging examination, psammoma body has been considered of great significance in the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. Psammoma body has unique features in terms of pathology, cytology and imageology.The study of the mechanism of psammoma body formation is very important for the clinic to differentiate the disease from others. In this article, we summarized the role of psammoma body in the study of thyroid cancer.

Objective To investigate the status of urogenital Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu) infection and their drug tolerance in our area,so as to guide rational administration for the clinic.Methods Mycoplasma culture and drug susceptibility test were performed for 771 patients with urogenital infaction. The culture,identification and drug resistance of mycoplasma were carried out with one complex mycoplasma kit.Results The positive rate of Uu was 49.9%. The proportional percentage of males was 12.5% and the Uu positive rate was 22.3%,for females,the proportional percentage and Uu positive rate was 87.5% and 60.6% respectively. The population aged 21-40 was susceptible to Uu infection. The most sensitive antibioties to Uu was clindamycin (95.12%),followed by doxycycline (87.57%) and roxithromycin (86.24%).Conclusion The difference of Uu drug sensitivty was significant in different areas. So it is necessary to select antibioties by drug sensitivity. Clindamycin,doxycycline and roxithromycin may are used as preferred antibioties in treating Uu infection in our area. The drug-resistance status of spectinomycin and lincomycin was serious.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of pulse index continuous cardiac output (PICCO) monitoring in maintaining adequate blood volume in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OP-CABG).Methods Forty-seven ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients aged 43-64 yr weighing 50-85 kg undergoing OP-CABG were included in this study. Global end-diastolic volume (GEDV), extravascular lung water (EVLW), global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI), MAP, cardiac output (CO) and cardiac index (CI) were monitored by using PICCO monitor before induction of anesthesia (baseline), at the end of operation and at 4 and 8 h after operation. Blood volume was maintained during operation by adjusting the volume and infusion rate of succinyl gelatin and lactated Ringer's solution according to volume indexes and hemodynamic indexes. GEDVI was maintained at 600-800 ml/m2 and Hct≥30% by transfusion of whole blood or erythrocyte suspension;MAP was maintained at 70-90 mm Hg by intravenous infusion of nitroglycerine (0.5-1.0 μg·kg-1·min-1) or diltiazem (2-6 μg·kg-1·min-1); HR was maintained at≤75 bpm by intravenous dopamine infusion (3-5 μg·kg-1·min-1). The oxygen delivery index(DO2 I) and oxygen consumption index (VO2 I) were calculated. Arterial blood samples were taken for blood gas analysis. Results The CI, DO2I and VO2I were increased at the end of operation, and at 4 h and 8 h after operation as compared with the baseline values before induction of anesthesia (P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion Perioperative blood volume can be well maintained with PICCO monitoring in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

The specific aspects of big data management practice for the Million Veteran Program (MVP) in USA were summarized by investigating it with network survey method and literature survey method, including large scale collection of data, structure of data management organizations, platform for data integration, privacy and security of data.The enlightenments of big data management practice for the MVP in USA on big data management of precision medicine in China were analyzed from 5 aspects.

Objective To investigate the effects of different technical conditions on the microvesicle size,envelopment rate,morphology of surface and so on in order to select the best technical conditions to prepare HCPT(10-hydroxy-camptothecin)-loaded PLGA microvesicles.Methods Microvesicles were prepared by a water/oil/water emulsion and solvent evaporation method.Various factors related to the envelopment rate and micmparticle size were studied,such as the ratio of water phase and oil phase,ultrasound power,and time,stirring time and so on.Single factor experiments and orthogonal design testing was carried out to optimize the technology of microvesicles preparation.Results The best processing conditions for microvesicles preparation were as following: HCPT 25 mg,PLGA 1.875 g,the ratio of internal and external phases 1∶15,and the PVA concentration 3%.These preparative variables produced global,smooth and glossy microvesicles.Electric charges were probably between-40 to 0 mV,microvesicles sizes ranged from 500 to 1 000 nm,envelopment rate was 79.33%,drug loading to the microvesicles was 0.478 3%,and ultrasonic imaging was clear in vitro.Conclusion Our optimize technical conditions can prepare injectable microvesicles by ultrasound.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the working pattern of clinical pharmacists in participating in clinical medicine treatment.METHODS: The working pattern and working contents of clinical pharmacists in participating in clinical medicine treatment were come up with based on hospital pharmacy and the traditional working pattern of pharmacists in China as well as the working pattern of the students in the clinical pharmacist training pilots.RESULTS & CONCLUSION: To participate in clinical medicine treatment,pharmacists should possess certain professional background and have occupational orientation,and attach great importance to the continuing education of clinical pharmacy expertise and medicine-related expertise.

OBJECTIVE:To unify the understanding on hospital pharmacy,clinical pharmacy and the pharmaceutical talents in hospital.METHODS:The perspectives of hospital pharmacy authorities and some related academic institutions on hospital pharmacy and pharmaceutical talents were investigated,and the new requirements that social progress,scientific and technological development proposed for medical and health works as well as the responsibilities and tasks of hospital pharmacy and pharmacists were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Hospital pharmacy authorities and the related academic institutions should attach great importance to and unify their cognition on the orientations of hospital pharmacy,clinical pharmacy and pharmaceutical talents so as to facilitate the development of hospital pharmacy,help the pharmacists play their role in hospital,and preserve patients' rights and interests in drug use.