Objective To investigate the effects of MK-801 on the rat F-VEPs during the critical period of visual plasticity.Methods We performed the F-VEPs examination in the normal Long Evans rats and the MK-801 treated rats on their postnatal days 14 and 28.Results After eye-opening,the latency of F-VEP main wave became shorter(P

Paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination is a threat to human health. Based on review of research articles pertaining to paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination in shellfishes and assessment of dietary exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning in coastal cities of China from 2007 to 2022, the article describes the status of paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination, influencing factors and dietary exposure assessment in different sea areas of China (Bohai Sea, Huanghai Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea), and the relatively high-level contamination of paralytic shellfish poisoning in shellfishes is found to strongly correlate with red tides caused by season and water temperature in the Bohai Sea and South China Sea areas. Acute exposure assessment based on point estimate model is commonly used for assessment of dietary exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning, and the risk of human dietary exposure to paralytic shellfish poisoning is within the acceptable range in most areas. Intensified monitoring of paralytic shellfish poisoning contamination in shellfishes and full consideration of parameters like processing factor during dietary exposure assessment are required in the future to allow more precise results.

Objective To analyze molecular evolution and binding free energies in substrates of KPC-2,KPC-5 and KPC-10 carbapenemases.Methods Minimum Evolution method in MEGA 4.1 was used to analyze molecular evolution of KPC-2,KPC-5 and KPC-10 carbapenemases,Dock module in ArgusLab 4.1 was used to perform molecular docking of these 3 carbapenemases to 10 kinds of β-lactams substrates,and calculate binding free energies(△G).Results Ambler Class A β-lactamases with carbapenemase activities were grouped in the same cluster and had good conservation,while ordinary Ambler Class A β-lactamases without carbapenemase activities were groupod in the other cluster.Binding free energies of KPC-2,KPC-5 and KPC-10 carbapenemases were lower to carbapenem antibiotics than the thirdgeneration cephalosporins,while binding free energies to aztreonam and clavulanic acid were of comparatively higher levels.Conclusion Catalytic activities of KPC to carbapenem antibiotics are higher than those to the third-generation cephalosporins,but the activities to aztreonam and clavulanic acid are low.

Objective To study the effects of levodopa on the serum excitatory amino acids and some anti oxidative indexes in rats with parkinsonism.Methods Different doses of levodopa/benserazide were treated orally for three months in rats with 6 OHDA induced partial or severe injuries of unilateral nigrostriatal pathway. The levels of serum aspartic acid, glutamate and glutamine were measured by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH PX) were detected.Results After the rats were treated with levodopa,the concentration of serum aspartic acid was significantly increased in the severely 6 OHDA lesioned rats ( P

[Objective]To explore the apparatus assembly,operative methods,post-operative management procedure and the effect of Ilizarov's technique of distraction histogenesis to correct the severe compound knee joint deformities (more than two deformities of knee joint such as knee flexion contracture with genu varus and limb shortening).[Method]According to Ilizarov technique of distraction histogenesis,three dimensional knee joint distraction apparatus together with limb lengthening accessories for simultaneous lengthening of the lower limb were designed.In accordance with different types of compound knee joint deformities and the positions of skeletal deformities,across knee joint distraction apparatus was applied with simultaneous distal femoral or proximal tibial osteotomy.Soft tissue contracture of knee joint along with co-existing skeletal deformity and shortening were simultaneously corrected by slowly turning the corresponding distraction rods at seven days after the operation.During the period of distraction,patients can walk with partial weight bearing.After healing of the distraction bone regenerate,the distraction apparatus was removed and the knee joint brace applied for the patients to walk for about 3～6 months.From May 1996 to Feb 2004,compound knee joint deformities were corrected in 14 patients aged between 5 and 41 years old with an average age of 27 years and etiologies of 7 kinds,in whom four cases had developmental deformities of the knee joint caused by epiphyseal injury or infection in infancy and ten cases caused by other reasons.[Result]The time of joint distracting and bone healing was 80~390 d,average 154 d.All cases had satisfactory correction of severe compound knee joint deformities such as knee flexion contracture,genu varus,genu valgus,limb shortening and rotational deformity with good walking function.None had complications such as severe pin tract infection,injury to blood vessels and nerves and non-union.But a different extent of knee joint stiffness occurred.[Conclusion]Ilizarov technique of distraction histogenesis can be used to correct severe compound knee joint deformities and limb length inequality.It follows with biological principles,makes achievements unattained by traditional orthopedic surgery and have good prospect of application.

BACKGROUND: Cytokine is a poly-functional and effective regulator factor to regulate growth of multiple cells. Researches suggest that, as an inflammatory medium, cytokines play a key role in inflammatory reaction of eye; however, there are rare studies on dynamic changes after traumatic cataract.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship among inflammatory reaction and dynamic changes of interleukin 1 (IL-1),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in aqueous humor of rabbits after extracapsular cataract extraction.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Shenzhen Municipal Ophthalmology Hospital, Shenzhen Municipal Ophthalmology Center Affiliated to Medical College of Jinan University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in Institute of Shenzhen Municipal Ophthalmology Center Affiliated to Medical College of Jinan University from March 2004 to March 2006. Fifteen healthy adult New Zealand rabbits of 30 eyes,general grade, weighting 2.5-3.0 kg, of either gender, were provided by Animal Center of the Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University [certification: SYXK (yue) 2005-006]. Eyes of rabbits were normal before experiment. All rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group, traumatic control group and operative group with 5 in each group and in total of 10 eyes in each group. IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α kits were provided by Shenzhen Yawei Biotechnology Company Limited.METHODS: Rabbits in traumatic control group and operative group were totally anesthetized with intravenous injection of 10% 1 mi/kg urethan, and then, 5# needle was punctured from corneal limbus to anterior chamber to scarify anterior membrane of lens about 5 mm to establish animal models of traumatic cataract of oculus uterque. Rabbits in normal control group were fed normally. After successful modeling, common antibiotic eyedrops was used to clean conjunctival sac of rabbits in traumatic control group and operative group 3 times a day. On the 3rd day of successful modeling, rabbits in operative group were totally anesthetized with intravenous injection of 10% 1 mL/kg urethan, and then, they undertook extracapsular cataract extraction of oculus uterque: horizontally intercepting bladder or waterly separating with breakage of anterior bladder membrane, expulsing nucleus of lens, washing lens cortex and suturing incisions. On the operative day and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after operation, inflammatory reaction of anterior chamber in traumatic control group and operative group was measured and 0.2 mL aqueous humor was extracted from rabbits in three groups to count and classify cells; meanwhile, expressed level and dynamic changes of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in cytokines of aqueous humor were measured with double-antibodies ELASA technique.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Total numbors of leucocytes and contents of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α in aqueous humor of rabbits in three groups after operation.RESULTS: ① On the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days after operation, numbers of leucocytes were (2.4±0.7)×106/L, (2,2±0.5)×106/L, (2.8±0.8)×106/L and (2.0±0.5)×106/L in aqueous humor; (19.7±7.3)×106/L, (28.1±9.6)×106/L, (14.2±5.6)×106/L and(8.4±3.8)×106/L in traumatic control group; (65.3±14.5)×106/L, (79.8±12.7)×106/L, (21.7±8.2)×106/L and (12.4±4.1)×106/L in operative group. In addition, numbers of leucocytes were more in traumatic control group and operative group than those in normal control group (F =22.5, 27.9, 11.6, 8.4;P＜0.05). ② Within 1-14 days after operation, contents of IL-1, IL-6and TNF-α in aqueous humo were higher in traumatic control group and operative group than those in normal control group (P＜0.05), and there was a significant difference between traumatic control group and operative group (P＜0.05);however, there was no significant difference among three groups on the operative day (P＞0.05). ③ Contents of cytokines reached peak on the 7th day after operation, decreased gradually, and reached the lowest value on the 14th day.Contents in traumatic control group and operative group were higher than those in normal control group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: The intraocular inflammation after lens extraction is closely related to the dynamic changes of IL-1, IL-6and TNF-α levels in aqueous humor. Cytokine may be one of crucially inflammatory agents in the eyes after traumatic cataract.

0.05). The contents of striatal dopamine and DOPAC were far more increased in levodopa-treated rats with a high dose than in levodopa-treated rats with a low dose and in saline-treated rats (P

ObjectiveTo analyse the most important clinical variables determining walking speed in hemiparetic stroke patients.MethodsThirty-two stroke subjects were able to walk independently in the study.The freely chosen speed was determined by using 10m walking speed test.The motor function,strength of the paretic lower limb,and the balance were evaluated with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Motricity Index,and Berg Balance Scale.Modified Ashworth Scale was used to assess the muscle tone of the plantarflexors.The level of association between walking speed and the clinical variables were examined with Pearson's correlation coefficients and by multiple linear regression analysis by using the stepwise method.ResultsThe motor function,strength of the lower limb and the balance were significantly positive related to walking speed(r=0.781-0.834,P<0.001),and the muscle tone of the plantarflexor was moderate negative related to walking speed(r=-0.461,P<0.05).The regression analysis selected motor function of the lower limb as a significant variable(R2=0.696,P<0.001).ConclusionsThe motor function of the lower limb is the important clinical factor to determine the walking speed of stroke subjects.

ObjectiveTo assess the value of comfortable and maximum walking speed of outcome measuring for locomotion recovery after stroke.Methods10m walking speed of 32 stroke subjects who were able to walk independently were tested in the freely chosen and maximum. The motor function of the paretic lower limb and balance were evaluated with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment,Berg Balance Scale and ambulatory item of Functional Independence Measure. The level of association between gait speeds and the clinical variables were examined with Pearson's correlation coefficients.ResultsComfortable walking speed were significantly positively related to maximum walking speed(r=0.953,P<0.001),and balance, motor function of the lower limb and ambulatory function were significantly positively related to comfortable and maximum walking speed(r=0.742-0.834,P<0.001).The relationship between comfortable walking speed and clinical variables was higher(r=0.787-0.834,P<0.001).Conclusions Both comfortable and maximum walking speed can reflect locomotion recovery after stroke, but comfortable walking speed is more pragmatic,securer and more sensitive.

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effects of modified constraint-induced movememt therapy(mCIMT) on upper extremity motor function of stroke patients with hemiparasis, and to compare the effects of mCIMT with those of conventional rehabilitation.MethodsThirty stroke patients with hemiparesis were divided into mCIMT group and control group (conventional rehabilitalion), 15 cases in each group. The mCIMT group received mCIMT (by shaping) in the affected extremity without restriction of movement of intact upper extremity, 6 h a day, five times a week, for two weeks while the control group was treated with traditional rehabilitation in upper-limb and hands functional exercises. Motor activity logs(MAL) score and simple test for evaluating hand function(STEF ) score were measured in two groups before treatment and 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after treatment.ResultsThere were improvement in MAL and STEF scores in both mCIMT group and control group 2 weeks after treatment compared with pre-treatment(P<0-01), and the scores of MAL and STEF on post-treatment 1 month and 3 months were higher than those of pre-treatment in mCIMT group (P<0-05, P<0-01), but there was no significant difference in MAL and STEF score between pre-treatment and post-treatment 1 month and 3 months in control group(P>0-05).ConclusionSignificant improvement in the affected hand function could be achieved with modified constraint-induced movement therapy in stroke patients, better than conventional rehabilitation therapy.