Abstract Early pubertal timing has a significant impact on physical and mental health of children, and is associated with a variety of chronic non communicable disease in adulthood. Risk factors for early pubertal timing are complex, including environmental and genetic factors. As one of the most common environmental pollutants, phthalates can act as endocrine disruptors to affect the body s endocrine system after being exposed to the body. Early life is a disease prone period. Many studies have found that exposure to phthalates can promote adolescent development during perinatal and critical developmental periods. In this paper, the epidemiological studies and related mechanisms of the association between exposure to phthalates and early pubertal timing were summarized and discussed.