Objective: To understand the current situation of early childhood sexuality education among parents of leftbehind children in rural areas and associated factors, to provide the evidence to launch the sexuality education for left behind children in rural areas in the future. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 348 parents of left behind children in rural areas who were selected by multistage stratified sampling during Mar. to May. 2018. Results: The rate of early childhood sexuality education of rural areas in Sichuan was 48.4%(652). Multivariate analysis showed that parents whose child was in higher grade ( OR=1.32, 95% CI =1.12-1.55); total annual income <10 000 yuan( OR=1.48, 95%CI =1.02-2.14), children had asked sexrelated questions ( OR=1.44, 95%CI =1.11-1.87), reckoning it necessary( OR=3.78, 95%CI =2.57-5.58), considering children’s sexuality education should be held by parents ( OR=2.69, 95%CI =1.78-4.07), other family members had launched the early childhood sexuality education( OR=7.86, 95%CI =5.16-11.95), school had launched it ( OR=3.13, 95%CI =2.25-4.34) had a highter rate of early childhood sexuality education. Conclusion Early childhood sexuality education of parents of left behind children of rural areas in Sichuan is in low level. Sexual health education should be based in school, together with parental training towards positive attitude and increases in early childhood sexuality education.