Serum concentrations of TSH, total and free thyroxine, and total and free triiodothyronine in 592 healthy children aged 2-6 years were determined by means of ADVIA Centaur. The normal reference ranges were calculated. The reference ranges of TSH, T3, T4, FT3, and FT4 were 1.09-4.60 mIU/L, 1.17-1.95 μg/L,57.43-99.60 μg/L, 5.35-7.50 pmol/L, 13.96-19.70 pmol/L, respectively. There was no significant difference in the interval of thyroid hormones between males and females as well as among different age groups.

Objective:To evaluate the quality condition and problems of acetylspiramycin at present. Methods:According to the standard described in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition), acetylspiramycin and its preparations were determined, and the overall quality level of domestic acetylspiramycin was evaluated. The related substances, components and dissolution were analyzed to further explore the quality status. Results:In 258 batches of samples, the dissolution of only one batch did not meet the standard with the passing rate of 99. 6%. The results of exploratory research showed that the content of impurities in raw material was determined by the synthesis process, and the impurity profile of domestic and foreign formula was different. The dissolution behavior of domestic and for-eign formula in four kinds of media was not similar as well. Conclusion: The quality of domestic acetylspiramycin is promising. The research of related substances provides the reference for controlling the target impurities. The consistency assessment of dissolution pro-vides the reference for the formula process improvement and clinical application of acetylspiramycin tablets.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factors combined with new rehabilitative liquid on neonatal diaper dermatitis. Methods One hundred and twenty neotates with neonatal diaper dermatitis from August 2013 to July 2014 were randomly divided into the control group and experiment group, 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional care, while the observation group with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factors combined with new rehabilitative liquid. The total effective rate and the treatment time were compared between the two groups. Result The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) and the treatment time of the observation group was statistically significantly shorter than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factors combined with new rehabilitative liquid is effective in the treatment of neonatal diaper dermatitis and it is worth promoting and using clinically.

It is a challenge in diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis (HLH).Rapid diagnosis is the key to make decisions in clinical management of HLH.The timely and reliable diagnosis of HLH can be assisted by laboratory tests including nature killer (NK) cell activity, sCD25, hemophagocytosis, ferritin, surface CD107a, and genetic testing.Here is introduced lab assays and evaluate the clinical applications in HLH.The aim is to raise awareness of the values of laboratory evaluations in diagnosing HLH.

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of epilepsy in patients with glioma,and to explore the relationship between the epileptic factors and the recurrence of epilepsy after surgery.Methods From January 2012 to December 2015,clinical data of 95 glioma patients in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed,which were divided into two groups,including 54 cases with epilepsy and 41 cases without epilepsy,all patients were underwent tumor resection,to search and resect epilepsy lesions in patients with epilepsy,Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to record seizure recurrence after operation,sort and analyze the clinical data of patients,to investigate the influencing factors of epileptic seizures,and the relationship between the factors associated with epileptic seizures and postoperative recurrence of epilepsy.The epileptogenic factors were analyzed using x2 test and multifactor Logistic regression model,epileptogenic factors and recurrent epilepsy after operation were analyzed usingx2 test.Results Logistic regression model showed that peritumoral edema ＞ 2 cm(OR =6.905,95％ CI:2.787-17.106),low tumor pathological grade (0R =5.032,95％ CI:1.696-14.931) were independent risk factors for epileptic seizures;Follow-up situations:16 cases (13 cases of epilepsy group,3 cases of no epilepsy group) showed epileptic seizure in different time after the operation,preoperative epilepsy history,peritumoral edema were related to the recurrence of epileptic seizures in epilepsy group and the patients without epilepsy (x2 =2.940,3.049,all P ＜ 0.05),the pathological grade was related to the recurrence of epileptic seizures in epilepsy group (x2=4.774,P ＜ 0.05),however,it was not associated with the patients without epilepsy (x2 =0.060,P ＞ 0.05),and there was a correlation between the preoperative history of epilepsy and the postoperative recurrent seizures (x2 =4.672,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Peritumoral edema ＞ 2 cm and low tumor pathological grade are the factors that lead to epileptic seizures and postoperation epilepsy recurrence in glioma patients.It's expected to take some positive treatment to reduce epileptic seizures,we should pay special attention to glioma patients with epilepsy.

BACKGROUND: Caspase-3 is a cysteine proteinase that can promote cell apoptosis. Ciliary neurotrophic factor has many kinds of biological activities, such as protecting various neurons from injury, especially motorial neurons, thereby reducing the occurrence of nerve cell injury.OBJECTIVE: To observe the Influence of ciliary neurotrophic factor on spinal cord caspase-3 expression in different ages rats following sciatic nerve injury, aiming to make further investigation about the changing regularity and modulating character of peripheral nerve damage at various ages rats.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Ultrasound Department and the 5th Research Institute of Daping Hospital, Field Surgery Research Institute of the 3rd Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Field Surgery Research Institute of the 3rd Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from April 2000 to December 2001. Altogether 810 wistar rats including infant rats with body mass of 30-100 g (birth age of 20 days), adult rats of 200-350 g (birth age of 4 m), elder rats of 400-800 g (birth age of 18-24 m),were selected with 270 rats in each age stage. Female and male does not limit.METHODS: [1] Experimental animal grouping: Various age rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=18), ciliary neurotrophic factor group(n=126) and physiological saline group (n=126), rats in ciliary neurotrophic factor group and physiological saline group were subdivided into 1 day, 3days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 12 weeks subgroups. [2] Animal model preparation: In Ciliary neurotrophic factor group and physiological saline group, rats were cut off a piece of sciatic nerve of 2 mm long, both ends connected with silica tube for constructing neuranagenesis cab, in which 15 μL recombined ciliary neurotrophic factor (25 mg/L) was injected in ciliary neurotrophic factor group, and 15 μL physiological saline in physiological saline group. [3] Preparation and examination of specimen:Six rats were randomly selected from each group, lumbar L3-5 spinal cord were obtained for carryingonnation, caspase-3 activity examination and Western blotting examination.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: [1] Expression of spinal cord caspase-3 with IHC assay. [2] Distribution and expression intensity of spinal cordcaspase-3 by Western blotting technique. [3] Changes in caspase-3 activity.RESULTS: Altogether 810 rats completed the experiment, all data was entered the final result analysis. [1] Expression of spinal cord caspase-3 with IHC assay: After injury, neuronal caspase-3 expression became strengthened at injured side of various age physiological saline groups, which obviously increased at posttraumatic 2 weeks and 4 weeks, but less expressed at 8 weeks and 12 weeks; while in ciliary neurotrophic factor group, posttraumatic caspase-3 expression was mostly obvious at 2 weeks and 4 weeks. [2] Distribution and expression intensity of spinal cordcaspase-3 by Western blotting technique: Caspase-3 expression was not significant difference between various age subgroups in normal group(P ＞ 0.05). Comparing to the same age normal group and non traumatic group, caspase-3 expression was strengthened at 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks in various age physiological saline group and ciliary neurotrophic factor group damages (P ＜ 0.05-0.01); in ciliary neurotrophic factor group, caspase-3 showed weaker expression at 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks in infants; 2weeks and 4 weeks in adults, 4 weeks in elders comparing to corresponding physiological saline group, difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05-0.01).The comparison between untraumatic side of each group and normal group showed no statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05). [3] Changes in caspase-3 activity: In child, adult and elder physiological saline groups, caspase-3 activity was increased in traumatic spinal cord, moreover caspase-3 activity was higher than elder and adult group at various age point (P ＜ 0.05-0.01); in child, adult and elder ciliary neurotrophic factor groups, caspase-3 activity is lower than physiological saline group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). After damage,caspase-3 activity at traumatic side in physiological saline group and ciliary neurotrophic factor group was difference from normal group but without significant meaning (P ＞ 0.05), except the expression in child posttraumatic 12 weeks group was lower than normal group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: After sciatic nerve damage, caspase-3 protein expression and activity were found to be increased in spinal cord of different age groups rats which can be reduced by extragenous ciliary neurotrophic factor, which playing protective role on spinal cord nerve cells, such protection would gradually attenuated in child group, adult group to elder group in turns.

Objective To explore the postoperative recovery of the patients with glioma-related epilepsy and the possible risk factors for recurrence of epilepsy.Methods To collect clinical data of 89 patients with glioma-related epilepsy,we recorded Engle grade score of all patients underwent resection of tumor and seizure focus in a week,1,3 and 6 month after surgery Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analysis the difference within group.Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis were used to analysis seizure recurrence risk curve and the epileptic recurrence related factors,respectively.Results The postoperative recurrence rate was 26.97％ (24/89).Engle grade scores were 2.966±0.081.2.202±0.080,1.730±0.093 and 1.313±0.042 in a week,1,3 and 6 month after surgery.The difference was statistically significant (Ftime=96.076,P=0.000).Cox regression model showed that tumor accumulation site (RR =2.908,CI:1.083 ～7.806),postoperative edema formation (RR =4.769,CI:1.737 ～ 13.096),tumor relapse (RR=8.309,CI:3.379～20.432)were the important risk factors for recurrence epileptic seizures (all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Surgical treatment can significantly reduce or even eliminate seizures postoperative and its long term efficacy is superior to short term efficacy.Appropriate measures should be taken to treat risk factors associated with recurrence epileptiform seizure to improve the prognosis of patients quality of life.

Objective: To share the anti-infection experience for the patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection after operation.Methods: The whole course of drug administration participated by clinical pharmacist in one patient with complicated intra-abdominal infection after pancreatoduodenectomy were retrospectively analyzed and discussed.Results: Enterococcus was found in the blood culture and ascites.According to the results of drug sensitive tests, clinical pharmacist provided medication suggestions and performed medication mornitoring.According to the blood concentration, clinical pharmacist adjusted the dose of vancomycin, and changed the therapy regimen according to the changes of conditions.As a result, adverse reactions were controlled timely, and satisfactory treatment effects were obtained.Conclusion: The aetiology of complicated intra-abdominal infection is complex with intractable treatment, and the participation of clinical pharmacists in the treatment can improve the efficiency and safety.

The chelating reaction between glutathione peptides and divalent cadmium ion was used as a typical model for investigating the coordination chemistry of SH-containing peptides and heavy metal ions, which was essential to understand the mechanism of intracellular cadmium detoxification.Here, the mutant (CM113R)7 αHL protein nanopore equipped with a first synthesized per-6-quaternary ammonium-β-cyclodextrin (p-QABCD) was used as nanoreactor and detector to investigate the single-molecule reaction of GSH molecules and Cd2+ ions.Different reaction pathways, intermediates, and products could be recognized.Cd2+-GSH reaction was highly dependent on the solution pH.The Cd(GSH)2 was formed at pH 7.4, while the Cd(GSH)2 and Cd2(GSH)2 were formed at pH 9.0.Cd2(GSH)2 was formed by two possible pathways: (1) A Cd2+ ion primarily coordinated with the thiol group of two GSH molecules to form Cd(GSH)2, and then the second Cd2+ ion quickly incorporated with the deprotonated amino group of Cd(GSH)2 to form Cd2(GSH)2;(2) Two Cd2+ ions separately coordinated with the thiol and deprotonated amino group of one GSH molecule to form Cd2(GSH)1, and the second GSH molecule quickly bounded to Cd2+ ions to form Cd2(GSH)2.This work studied the chelating reaction between metal ions and bioactive glutathione at single-molecule level without labeling and chemical modification, and would be important to further understand intracellular mechanisms of detoxification of heavy metals and greatly expand the research field of nanopore single-molecule technique.