IL-8 is a cytokine which belongs to the chemotactic superfamily.It is one of the major mediators in the inflammatory response.In recent years,it was found that it had multiple functions,such as chemoattractant,potent angiogenic,and so on.The cytokine is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation,tumor progress and immune disease.In this review,the properties of IL-8 and highlight its roles on inflammation and tumor progress were surveied.

Independent component analysis (ICA) aims at decomposing an observed random vector into statistically independent variables. Fast independent component analysis (FastICA) algorithm and its variants are catching more attention because of their simplicity and convergence speed. In this paper, a novel method referred to robust independent component analysis (RobustICA), based on normalized kurtosis and optimal step-size, is analyzed in detail. When applied to fetal electrocardiogram (FECG) extraction and compared with FastICA, it gave decent results and showed prosperous future usages.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Fetal Heart ; physiology ; Fetal Monitoring ; Fetus ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Principal Component Analysis ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective]To expound the essence and method of detoxification in the view of keeping internal balance ,based on Huangdi’s Internal Classic. [Method] From the present social understanding of toxin biased ,and on the basis of collecting and analyzing the materials concerning the record of concept and treatment of eliminating toxin in early medical classic ,eliminating toxin and keeping balance can be taken as a sort of health care idea. [Result] The toxin in body refers to the imbalance of Yin and Yang Qi and blood of human body ,it also may be the cause and new pathological products. This recognition corrects the understanding of contemporary society point ofDetoxification ,and guides people to follow the body's own adjustment mechanism,the function of organs and individual constitution to determine etiologic factors based on differentiation treatment. It will avoid and prevent producing the toxin in accordance withIn order to maintain body balance and adjust yin and yang of body through careful diagnosis said by Huangdi ’s Internal Classic. [Conclusion] That one specific treatment depending on one specific toxin reflects the principles of syndrome differentiation treatment and searching for the primary cause of disease in treatment by exploring Huangdi ’s Internal Classic. And it can make people understand more accurately and profoundly about detoxification and live healthier.

Neuroendocrine cells comprise a minor subpopulation of the normal prostatic epithelium. When patients accept the androgen deprivation therapy, it will induce neuroendocrine differentiation of the prostate carcinoma cells. NE cells can provide endocrine/paracrine stimuli for proliferation of the surrounding carcinoma cells and inevitably make prostate cancer become androgen independent and no longer responsive to hormonal manipulation. In this paper, the mechanism of neuroendocrine differentiation and its relationship with androgen independent state were reviewed.

A mid-aged male patient manifested hyperglycemia, severe hypokalemia, weight loss, thin skin, round face and psychoneurotic symptoms without hypertension. CT showed a pancreatic tumor and a normal pituitary image. Preliminary assessment (blood and urinary cortisol, blood ACTH and dexamethasone suppression test) supported the diagnosis of ectopic ACTH syndrome. The differential diagnosis and treatment of this disease were discussed.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of Egr-1, C-jun and IL-1? mRNA and protein in the lung injured by mechanical ventilation. Methods Forty male SD rats weighing 250-320 g were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 8 each): group A received no mechanical ventilation; group B-E received mechanical ventilaion for 30 (B), 60 (C), 90 (D) and 120 (E) minutes. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 3% pentobarbital 35 mg?kg-1 , tracheostomized and mechnically ventilated (VT =42 ml?kg-1 , RR = 40 bpm, I: E = 1:2, FiO2 = 21 % ) . Arterial blood samples were taken for blood gas analysis. The animals were killed at the end of mechanical ventilation in group B-E and after tracheostomy in group A. The lungs were removed for microscopic examination using HE staining. The expression of Egr-1, C-jun and IL-1? mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and immuno-histochemical technique respectively. Results There was no significant difference in PaO2 and SaO2 among the 5 groups while PaCO2 was significantly decreased in group B and C but increased in group E as compared with group A. The expression of Egr-1, C-jun and IL-1? mRNA and protein was significantly increased by mechanical ventilation in a duration - dependent manner. Histological studies demonstrated that the damage to the lung was correlated with the duration of mechanical ventilation in terms of perivascular inflammatouy cell infiltration, exudates and hemorrhage in the alveoli and thickening of alveolar walls. Conclusion The results of our study show that mechanical ventilation activates and upregulates the expression of the early response genes in a duration - dependent manner. The upregulation of the expression of these genes might be involved in the underlying mechanism of lung damage induced by mechanical ventilation.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of different dosages of bromocriptine in the treatment pro-lactinoma,and its effects on serum prolactin(PRL)and tumor volume. METHODS:A total of 60 patients with prolactinoma were selected from our hospital during Jan.-Dec. 2015 as research objects,and then divided into group A and B according to random number table,with 30 cases in each group. Both groups were given Bromocriptine mesilate tablets orally during meal. Group A was given medicine with initial dose of 2.5 mg/d,increasing to 3.75 mg/d 3 d later,increasing by 2.5 mg every week after 2-3 d,and then recovering to 3.75 mg/d till serum PRL level had been controlled. Group B was given medicine with initial dose of 1.25 mg/d, increasing to 2.5 mg/d 3 d later,increasing by 1.25-2.5 mg every week after 2-3 d,and then recovering to 2.5 mg/d till serum PRL level recovered to normal. Both groups were treated for consecutive 3 months. Clinical efficacies as well as serum level of PRL and tumor size were observed in 2 groups,and the occurrence of ADR was recorded. RESULTS:The total response rate of group A (83.33％) was higher than that of group B (66.67％),without statistical significance (P>0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in serum level of PRL and tumor size between 2 groups (P>0.05). After 1,2 months of treatment,serum levels of PRL in 2 groups were decreased significantly,and the group A was significantly lower than the group B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment,serum levels of PRL in 2 groups were decreased significantly compared to be-fore treatment,but there was no statistical significance between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,tumor size of 2 groups were decreased significantly,and large adenoma and giant adenoma size in group A were significantly smaller than group B,with statisti-cal significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in microadenoma size between group A and B(P>0.05). The inci-dence of ADR in group A(12 cases,40.00％)was significantly higher than group B(5 cases,16.67％),with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Increasing dosages of bromocriptine no significant influence on therapeutic effect of prolactino-ma,but it can shorten the time of serum PRL level back to normal,and reduce the tumor size. The incidence of adverse reactions in-crease with the dosage.

Objective To report the clinical results of the treatment for recurrent immunologic disorders of cornea and conjunctiva by conjunctival resection with amniotic membrane transplantation(AMT). Design A retrospective clinical case series. Participants Five patients 5 eyes with recurrent immunologic disorders of cornea and conjunctiva were enrolled into this study, including 2 eyes of phlytenular keratoconjunctivitis with corneal lesion, 1 eye of nodular episcleritis, 2 eyes of corneoscleral interstitial keratitis. Methods Patients were treated with partial conjunctiva resection and AMT. After operation, steroids and cyclosporin eye-drops were given for 2-3 weeks, and patients were followed up for 6-12 months. Main Outcome Measures Complications and recurrent situations were observed. Results The corneal disease kept quiescent, and the blood vessel subsidized. There were no recurrences during the follow up period in 4 cases. Recurrent signs were noted in one patient at 12 months after surgery. But no recurrence of corneal lesion was noted although the conjunctivitis was severe. Conclusion Local conjunctiva resection combined with AMT is a useful method for recurrent cases of immunologic disorders of cornea and conjunctiva. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2006,15:177-179)

OCT angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging technique for detecting blood flow information of the retina and choroid.Dye injection is not needed with OCTA,which is different from fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).OCTA is able to observe blood flow in different retinal and choroidal segmentation slab.This revolutionary breakthrough in OCTA algorithm provides more and more accurate blood flow informations in the diagnosis of ocular vessel diseases and the study on pathogenesis of some vessel-related eye diseases.However,like other biometric technology,OCTA has its limitations and shortcomings,for example,OCTA presents a smaller observational area than FFA and ICGA,and some factors affect the imaging quality and cause misdiagnosis during the examination and reading image.Fully understanding the principle of OCTA and its image features are helpful for eye doctors to better interpret the blood flow changes of retinal diseases,choroidal diseases,glaucoma and neuro-ophthalmic diseases.Ophthalmologists should correctly apply this imaging tool for a better monitoring and following up of these diseases.

In recent years, a large number of studies have found that central lymph node metastasis of the papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is significantly related with some risk factors.These high risk factors include age below 45 years old, BRAF gene mutation, vascular epithelial growth factor-C high expression, tumor diameter≥5 mm, multifocal and bilateral tumor, thyroid capsule invasion and so on.These high risk factors involve in disease process, and interact with each other.The studies of the high risk factors can help us to predict the risk of central lymph node metastasis in the patients with PTMC, thus to effectively guide the patients' treatment.