OBJECTIVE: All the people in modern world are exposed to the industrial frequency magnetism (extremeiy low-frequency magnetic fields, ELFMF). There are important academic and practical significance to understand the influence of ELFMF on human diseases.DATA SOURCES: A computer-based online search was conducted in HighWire database for English literatures about the relation between ELFMF and human cancers from January 1991 to March 2006 by using the key words of "extremely low frequency magnetic fields, cancer".STUDY SELECTION: All the collected literatures were screened. Inclusion criteria: ① To browse the abstracts of the literatures to examine primitively, and select the articles experimented with the cytological, molecular biological and epidemiological methods. ② Choosing the separate articles by studying with different animals but having got the same results.③ Comparing and analyzing the original and reviewed articles about the relations between ELFMF and cancers.DATA EXTRACTION: A total 90 original and 4 reviewed literatures about ELFMF and cancers were collected and 29 and 4 papers were accordance with the criteria, respectively. In the 47 eliminated articles, 32 of them were unrelated or repetitive to our topic, 5 of them were published earlier or the conclusions were ambiguous, and other 10 of them used only the epidemiological methods.DATA SYNTHESIS : ① For a long time, the question whether 50/60 Hz ELFMF has the carcinogenic effects has been disputed in epidemiology and cytology. ② Majority statistical results in epidemiology showed that the crowds exposed to ELFMF for long or frequent time had an higher ratios suffering cancers than the normal, thereinto, the dangerousness such as leucocythemia, brain cancer and breast cancer is especially high. ③ However, the observation in cytology indicated that the normal cultural cells exposed to ELFMF had not increased the cell divisions or appeared cancer signals, and even in some reports, ELFMF may accelerate apoptosis, and reduced the possibility of cancerization. ④ Although ELFMF may not produce cancerization to normal cells, it may act as an promoter or co-promoter of cancer-prone cells, to accelerate the cancerization and exacerbation course of those cells. ⑤ The effect is related to influencing various links of signal transduction, changing translation of gene, changing activities of some enzymes and increasing production of free radicals.CONCLUSION: Although ELFMF may not produce cancerization to normal cells, it may act as an promoter or co-promoter of cancer-prone cells, to accelerate the cancerization and exacerbation course of those cells.

Anticancer drugs are not accessible to hypoxic regions in human solid tumors and which are not sensitive to radiotherapy,but they provide a haven for anaerobic bacteria.Anaerobic bacteria have the tendency of migrating to hypoxia areas of tumor.So they not only can be used as tumor-specific vectors for gene therapy but also be administered together with other anticancer treatments to enhance their antitumor efficacy.Bacterial oncolysis therapy which are based on anaerobic bacteria has great promise as anticancer therapy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of adenosine (Ado) on the unit discharging electricities in habenula nucleus and on the c-fos expression in lateral habenular complex,and the influence of adenosine on the neuron activities and related gene expression involved in affecting sleep in habenula nucleus and the possible mechanisms.Methods:Intraperitoneal injection,brain flakes pouring of rats,immunohistochemistry and other methods were useel.Results:Ado pouring into flakes of brain depressed the unit discharging electricities of neurons in medial habenular complex(MHb),but obviously increased that of lateral habenular complex(LHb).0.5 h after the six rats being injected intraperitoneally with Ado,the c-fos protein expression in lateral habenular nucleus was significantly increased compared to the group with saline injection.Conclusion:Ado may restrain the unit discharging electricities of neurons in medial habenular complex but excite those in lateral habenular complex.At the meantime,Ado may increase the c-fos expression in LHb.This provides the experimental evidence that Ado may improve the sleep quality.

Objective: To investigate prevalence of neurosis in a college of central China. Method:4465 college students were investigated by epidemiological method used in the national survey of 12 areas 10 years before. Result: The present prevalence of neurosis in students were 9.34%, higher than that of the national survey 10 years before (6.44%). In different diagnoses, the present prevalence of anxiety disorder was much higher. Male students had higher rate of neuroses than female, those in grade 3 or 4 had higher rate of neuroses than those in other grades. The most obvious invoke factor of neurosis was lovelorn. Conclusion: The prevalence of neurosis is higher than 10 years before.

Objective To summarize our experiences on open heart surgery through the right subaxillary small incision. Methods Between March 2001 and June 2008,612 patients with congenital heart diseases were treated by open surgery trough a right subaxillary small incision via hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. The incision was made from the posterior axillary line at the axilla to the middle axillary line a the fifth intercostal space (4-8 cm in length),and then the intercostal muscle was cut at the inferior edge of the fourth rib for the entrance into the chest cavity. In this series,165 patients had ASD,403 had VSD,35 had ASD complicated with VSD,3 showed PECD,and 6 were found as PAPVC. Results The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was (25.0?5.5) min,402 of the patients (65.6%) need no blood transfusion. The mean hospital stay was (6.0?4.5) d,no patient died in hospital. The 420 patients were followed up for 5 to 80 months (mean 47 months). During the period,cardiac ultrasonography showed good outcomes in the patients. No complications or death were detected. Conclusions Right subaxillary small incision is a safe and minimally invasive method for the treatment of ASD and VSD with quick recovery,less hemorrhage,shorter hospital stay,less complications,and satisfying cosmetic outcomes.

Objective To explore the influence of different hemodialysis ways on cognitive function in the patients with end-stage renal failure(ESRF) in maintenance dialysis.Methods Choosing 68 ESRF patients who needed maintenance dialysis were divided into high flux dialysis group and normal flux dialysis group,34 cases in each group.The P300 lantency period(LP) and amplitude(Amp),mini-mental status examination(MMSE) scale were applied to examine the patients in the two groups before treatment,1 month and 6 months after treatment,respectively.Results The P300 LP and Amp in high flux dialysis group and low flux dialysis group were(398.6?38.5)ms,(7.3?1.21)?V vs(410.3?49.7)ms,(6.9?1.03)?V before the treatment;and(336.8?32.1)ms,(8.2?1.15)?V vs(342.6?35.8)ms,(7.9?1.01) ?V 1 month after treatment.There were no significantly differences between the two groups.6 months after treatment,the P300 LP and Amp of high flux dialysis group and low flux dialysis group were(320.6?31.9)ms,(8.5?1.02) ?V vs(390.6?42.8)ms,(6.5?1.12)?V.There were significantly differences between the two groups(all P

Objective To study the variation and prognostic value of serum heparin-binding protein (HBP),a potent inducer of vascular leakage in septic shock.Methods A total of 82 sepsis patients admitted to central ICU from August 2011 to July 2012 were enrolled in the prospective study.Eighty-two sepsis patients were divided into septic shock group (group A,n =39) and sepsis without shock group (group B,n =43).At the same time,another 30 shock patients without sepsis were enrolled as group C and 35 patients without sepsis and shock were enrolled as group D.Blood samples obtained within 24 hours after enrollment,and the concentrations of HBP were measured by ELISA and lactate by electrode method.Comparisons of HBP,lactate and APACHE Ⅱ score between groups were carried out by Studers't test,and the early prognostic value in septic shock and mortality was studied by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results Patients in group A (t =3.862,P＜0.001) and group B(t =5.193,P＜ 0.001) both had higher HBP level than patients in group D.HBP level in group A patients was also higher than that of group B (t =3.270,P =0.002).Septic shock patients (group A) had higher HBP than patients of group C (t =3.029,P =0.004).The area under curve (AUC) of HBP predicting septic shock patients was 0.834,with sensitivity 0.795,specificity 0.795.The AUC of HBP predicting 28-day mortality of all enrolled patients was was 0.680,and the AUC of predicting 28-day mortality of sepsis patients was 0.784.Conclusions HBP levels were increased in septic patients,especially in septic shock patients.HBP is a better predictor than traditional predictors like lactate and APACHE Ⅱ score for predicting septic shock.HBP is a good and specific evaluation marker for predicting septic shock and the mortality of sepsis patients.The measurement of HBP during the early stage of disease presents valuable information about diagnosis and treatment.

Poststroke depression (PSD) is the most common neurological and psychiatric complications after stroke.A large number of studies have showed that PSD is the result of a variety of mechanisms on the basis of stroke.This article reviews the pathophysiology mechanisms of PSD.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of chest CT and characteristics of laboratory tests in microscopic polyangitis (MPA) with pulmonary infection. Methods Based on the results of sputum culture, 42 patients with MPA were divided into two groups, MPA with pulmonary infection (16 cases)and MPA without pulmonary infection (26 cases). The results of chest CT images and laboratory tests were compared between the 2 groups by χ2 test (or Fisher exact test) and student t test (or Mann-Whitney U test), respectively. Results Compared with patients without pulmonary infection, patients with pulmonary infection showed patchy opacities(15/16 cases versus 14/26 cases,χ2=5.631,P=0.018)and consolidations(7/16 cases versus 2/26 cases,χ2=5.657,P=0.017)more frequently. Patchy opacities showed peripheral distribution less frequently in the MPA with pulmonary infection group than in the MPA without pulmonary infection group (6/15cases versus 12/14 cases,P=0.021). Patients with pulmonary infection showed the same frequent as the patients without pulmonary infection in the following CT findings including ground glass opacities, pleural effusions, mediastinal adenopathy and pulmonary fibrosis (P>0.05). The MPA with pulmonary infection group had higher neutrophil ratio than the MPA without pulmonary infection group (0.84 ± 0.12 versus 0.74 ± 0.11,t= 2.845,P= 0.007). Conclusions The MPA patients with pulmonary infection show patchy opacities and consolidations more frequently, and have higher neutrophil ratio than the MPA without pulmonary infection. The characteristics can be helpful in the diagnosis of pulmonary infection in the MPA patients and guild the treatment.

Objective To investigate whether B-cell activating factor (BAFF) involved in the patho-genesis of lupus nephritis (LN) by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling. Methods Twenty-eight lupus nephritis patients and 20 controls were included in this study. The clinical data were collected. BAFF levels in plasma were measured by ELISA, and the relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) and BAFF were analyzed. The mRNA and protein levels of BAFF, phosphorylated-PI3K (p-PI3K), phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated-mTOR (p-mTOR) and Bcl-2 in kidney tissues were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation analysis. Results ①Plasma BAFF levels were significantly higher in LN patients [(580 ±45) ng/L] compared with controls [(208 ±30) ng/L](Z=-5.856, P<0.01), and significant positive correlation was found between plasma BAFF levels with SLEDAI (r=0.723, P<0.01). ② Plasma BAFF level in LN patients was positively correlated with 24 h UP and anti-dsDNA titers (r=0.381, 0.461, P<0.05). The protein level of BAFF in kidney tissues was positively correlated with 24 h UP and anti-dsDNA titer (r=0.469, 0.489, P<0.05).③The mRNA levels of BAFF, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR and Bcl-2 in kidney tissues were increased in patients compared to controls[5.8±1.8 vs 2.1±0.7, Z=-4.915, P<0.01;6.7±0.9 vs 1.71±0.53, Z=-5.857, P<0.01;5.6±0.9 vs 1.8 ±0.5, Z=-5.751, P<0.01; 5.6 ±1.4 vs 1.6 ±0.4, Z=-5.291, P<0.01; 2.11 ±0.36 vs 1.33 ±0.22, Z=-4.844, P<0.01].④The protein levels of BAFF, p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-mTOR and Bcl-2 in kidney tissues were increased in patients compared to controls [0.72±0.19 vs 0.31±0.05, Z=-4.747, P<0.01;0.73±0.11 vs 0.33±0.09, Z=-5.834, P<0.01;0.77±0.06 vs 0.22±0.07, Z=-5.855, P<0.01;1.18±0.27 vs 0.47±0.13, Z=-5.416, P<0.01;2.08±0.37 vs 1.32±0.18, Z=-4.998, P<0.01]. Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that BAFF may participate in the pathogenesis of LN by regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling.