ObjectiveTo investigate the onset of the measurability and the evolution of the subjective acuity in normal infant.MethodsTwo hundred and sixty - four normal infants were measured using the crowded HOTV recognition symbol system for subjective acuity and the closed-circuit operant preferential looking system(COPL) controlled by computer for grating acuity.The onset of measurability and the evolution of the subjective acuity of the normal infant sample were recorded and analyzed.ResultsIn the study part of the infants with 24-month old began to recognize the subjective vision symbols ( 26.32％ ).The measurability of subjective acuity of the infant group with 46 months old arrived to 100％.In the infants with 24-months old,the subjective acuity of the right eye was 4.86 ±0.05,left eye was 4.88 ± 0.08.In the infants with 46-months old the subjective acuity was 5.0 for both right and left eyes.According to Logistic regression analysis,the education background of the mother,and the instruction for infant showed the significant influencing factor.ConclusionThe study suggest that the crowded HOTV recognition symbol system controlled by computer provided a method to explore the onset of the subjective vision and the development of the infant.

Salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma is one of the most common malignant salivary gland tumors.Its invasion and metastasis are multi-stage and multifactorial processes,in which complex mechanisms and multiple signaling pathways are involved.Here,this article reviews the research progress in signaling pathways of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Objective:To prepare cyclosporine A ( Cs A) microemulsion gels and investigate the quality. Methods:Cs A microe-mulsion gels were prepared, then the quality was evaluated using the physicochemical properties, particle size and distribution, content of Cs A in the microemulsion gels and rheological properties as the indices, and the stress testing and stability experiment were used to evaluate the quality as well. Results:The results showed that the physicochemical parameters were within the required ranges, the par-ticle size was uniform below 50nm, the method of determination was easy and accurate, and the rheological study revealed the gels were pseudoplastic fluid. The stress testing and stability experiment showed that the preparation could not be influenced by high temperature and highlight for 6 months at 60℃. Conclusion:The preparation is suitable for the ophthalmic use.

This paper focused on the role conflicts owing to the multiple identity of roles and professional limi -tations in the dispute processing personnel , analyzed the probability in the medical processes and results , appeal of the patients and pattern of medical dispute processing , and made the conclusion that the medical dispute processing personnel is volunteers promoting social harmony and a practitioner of new medical model from the social perspec -tive and should carry forward the dedication , fraternity, mutual assistance and progressive spirit , the concept of the biological -psychology -social medical model to analyze the loss of patients in dispute and appeal , truly safe-guard the health rights and interests of patients , and give some advices to perfect the role ethics dispute processing .

Objective To evaluate the effects of curcumin on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)/tissure inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) balance during limb ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced lung injury in rats.Methods Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 months,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S) ; group I/R; curcumin + I/R group (group C + I/R).Limb ischemia was induced by occlusion of bilateral femoral arteries for 2 h followed by reperfusion for 3 h in I/R and C + I/R groups.At 2 h before ischemia,curcumin 200 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally in group C + I/R,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in the other groups.Arterial blood samples were taken at 3 h of reperfusion for blood gas analysis and PaO2 was recorded.The animals were then sacrificed and the lungs were removed immediately for determination of wet/dry lung weight (W/D) ratio,myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and MMP-9 and TIMP-1 contents.The ratio of MMP-9/ TIMP-1 was calculated.Results Compared with group S,PaO2 was significantly decreased,and W/D ratio,MPO activity,MMP-9 content and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in TIMP-1 content in group I/R (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group I/R,PaO2 and TIMP-1 content were significantly increased,and W/D ratio,MPO activity,MMP-9 content and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 were significantly decreased in group C + I/R (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which curcumin attenuates lung injury induced by limb I/R is related to decreased MMP-9 content,elevated TIMP-1 content and regulated balance between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues of rats.

Wistar-to-SD rat pancreas transplantation was performed in 35 SD rat recipients with diabetes-induced.Donor antigen was administered through IV or PV and the antigen treatment was performed before or during the transplantation.Graft vein was drained into IV or PV.The results showed that donor antigen pretreatment via PV combined with graft drainage PV synergistically prolongs the pancreas graft survival,and the effect of simultananeous antigen treat-ment during transplantation is not as satisfactory as that of antigen pretreatment,but may be more practical.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes and determine the difference of electrode impedance and neural response telemetry ( NRT) value with cochlear implants in children with malformed inner ear and normal inner ear. METHOD: Eighty-eight children with multi-channel cochlear implants participated in this study. Children were divided into malformed inner ear group and normal inner ear group. To test the electrode impedance values and NRT value. RESULT: The changes of electrode impedance showed the similar changing pattern in two groups. There was not different in electrode impedance values between the two groups (P > 0.05). The changes of electrode neural response telemetry values showed the similar changing pattern in two groups. There was significantly different in electrode impedance values between the two groups (P < 0.05). The NRT were going up higher from electrode 22 to electrode 1. CONCLUSION The values vary are different programming sessions and electrodes during the first 3 months of cochlear implant use. To acquire better hearing frequent programming sessions are necessary.
Adolescent ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlear Implantation ; Cochlear Implants ; Cochlear Nerve ; Ear, Inner ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Electric Impedance ; Electrodes ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment methods for esophageal carcinoma. However, radiation resistance is the biggest problem and obstacle for patients with esophageal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy. Radiosensitivity is the focus and difficulty in the study of tumor radiobiology. A variety of genes and their expression products affect the radiosensitivity of esophageal carcinoma. Consequently, if the genes and biomarkers that determine radiosensitivity can be detected before radiotherapy, it will play a vital role in investigating the mechanism of radiotherapy sensitization, targeted therapy and radiotherapy efficacy prediction to guide individual therapy. In this article, major genes and biomarkers associated with esophageal carcinoma radiosensitivity in recent years were reviewed from different signal transduction pathways.

The regeneration of neurons are very weak after the central nervous system is injured,the lack of growth factors in the internal environment and the existence of various inhibitors in the microenvironment are main reasons. Rho-ROCK signaling pathway mediates inhibitory signals to prevent regeneration of nerve cells in the central nervous system. In this paper,the advances in the research on biological property and regulation and interventions of Rho-ROCK signaling pathway are reviewed.

Objective:To investigate the expression of low-molecular-weight PSA(lw-PSA) and lactoferrin in the expressed prostatic secretion(EPS) from both benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and normal prostate.Methods: Forty human EPS samples obtained from 20 BPH patients and 20 normal males were subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE).Mass spectrometry was performed to confirm the nature of the secreted proteins in EPS.Results: One uniquely expressed protein in BPH was detected and mass spectrometry determined its nature as lw-PSA(molecular weight 10?10~3,pI 8.5-(9.3)).More importantly,Western blotting analysis also revealed that lw-PSA detected in BPH-EPS,but was undetectable in BPH-free EPS.In addition,up-regulation of Lactoferrin(molecular weight 35?10~3,pI 7-7.5) in BPHEPS,as compared with BPH-free EPS,was also observed.More interestingly,lactoferrin was absent in prostate cancer tissues.Conclusion: Our results indicate lw-PSA may be produced specifically by BPH epithelium and it has a potential to be used as a specific biological marker for the diagnosis of BPH.In addition,benign prostatic epithelium can produce more lactoferrin while prostate cancer tissues go without its lactoferrin secretion.