ObjectiveTo investigate the facilitators and barriers of home-based exercise rehabilitation for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). MethodsFrom December, 2023 to March, 2024, 15 CKD patients receiving treatment at the Nephrology Department of Beijing Bo'ai Hospital and undergoing home-based rehabilitation were selected, as well as eight healthcare professionals from the same department. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the data were coded and analyzed using Nvivo 12.0. ResultsTwo main themes were identified. The facilitators included perceived benefits, good health literacy, potential benefits of online media, supervision by healthcare professionals and adequate social support. The barriers included severe negative emotions, adverse effects of complications, insufficient emphasis on exercise rehabilitation, lack of motivation for exercise, constraints related to time and location for exercise, and insufficient rehabilitation support. ConclusionThere are vavious and individual factors influencing home-based exercise rehabilitation for CKD patients, which need an individualized exercise rehabilitation guidance to improve the adherence to self-management.

[Objective] To investigate the molecular prevalence and genotype of human parvovirus B19(B19) among blood donors in Lanzhou, and provide data support for monitoring the positive rate of B19 DNA in local blood donors. [Methods] A total of 7 644 blood donor samples collected from January to September 2022 were randomly screened using real-time fluorescent PCR, resulting in 23 samples testing positive for B19 DNA. The characteristics of the B19 DNA reactive donors including gender, age, blood donation recruitment and promotion mode, and donation frequency were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Additionally, the VP1 gene fragment of B19 DNA reactive samples was sequenced and an evolutionary tree was constructed by the N-J method. [Results] The results showed that the positive rate of B19 DNA in Lanzhou was 0.30%, and the positive population mainly consisted of female individuals aged 18-30 years old who were first-time blood donors; furthermore, genotype 1a was identified as predominant. [Conclusion] The positive rate of B19 DNA is low among blood donors in Lanzhou, with genotype 1a being predominant. It is recommended to periodically monitor the B19 prevalence in blood donors and enhance prevention and control measures, thus improving blood quality and safety.

Pulmonary hypertension （PH） is a severe and rare chronic cardiopulmonary disorder for which existing vasodilator therapies can only alleviate symptoms， rather than target or fundamentally reverse the disease. Additionally， the long-term prognosis remains poor. Recent studies have found that some novel anti-tumor drugs （NADs） can relieve PH， such as imatinib， gefitinib， sorafenib， olaparib， piperacillin， everolimus， rituximab， etc. However， some NADs can induce PH or exacerbate its symptoms， including dasatinib， lorlatinib， carfilzomib， bevacizumab， trastuzumab， nivolumab， etc. The effects of lapatinib， ruxolitinib， and bortezomib on PAH are controversial. Individualized medication should be adopted in clinical practice when using NADs for treatment， with close monitoring being essential.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the disease patterns and acupoint selection characteristics of acupuncture for epilepsy in ancient acupuncture texts, providing references and ideas for clinical acupuncture treatment of epilepsy. METHODS: Texts from the Chinese Medical Classics (5th edition) regarding acupuncture for epilepsy are reviewed. The frequency of acupoints, meridian association, distribution, specific points, corresponding epilepsy subtypes, and needling techniques are statistically analyzed. The Apriori algorithm is used for association rule analysis, and a complex network analysis is conducted for high-frequency acupoints and their corresponding subtypes and treatments. RESULTS: A total of 205 acupuncture prescriptions are identified. Ancient texts favored differentiation-based treatments for epilepsy, primarily classified into epilepsy, wind epilepsy, and five epilepsy. Commonly used acupoints include Baihui (GV20), Jiuwei (CV15), Shenmen (HT7), Shenting (GV24), and Xinshu (BL15), with a focus on the acupoints of the governor vessel, the bladder meridian, and the conception vessel. The acupoints on the head, face are combined with the acupoints on the limbs, with skillful use of the five-shu points and intersection acupoints. The most frequent combinations are Shenmen (HT7)-Baihui (GV20), Shenting (GV24)-Baihui (GV20), and Xinshu (BL15)-Shenmen (HT7). Visual network analysis revealed that Baihui (GV20)-Shenting (GV24), Baihui (GV20)-Shenmen (HT7), and Baihui (GV20)-Zhaohai (KI6) are core acupoint combinations. Treatment mainly involved moxibustion or combined acupuncture and moxibustion. CONCLUSION The acupoint selection for epilepsy treatment in ancient texts is precise, frequently using Baihui (GV20), Jiuwei (CV15), Shenmen (HT7), Shenting (GV24), and Xinshu (BL15), etc., with emphasis on calming epilepsy, awakening the spirit, relaxing tendons, and nourishing the heart.
Acupuncture Points ; Humans ; Epilepsy/history* ; History, Ancient ; Acupuncture Therapy/history* ; Medicine in Literature/history* ; Meridians ; China

Olfactory disorders are a common symptom in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, and their diagnosis and treatment have garnered extensive attention from both patients and doctors. Currently, there are various evaluation and treatment methods for olfactory dysfunction; however, choosing a simpler and more accurate assessment, as well as an effective treatment, remains a clinical challenge. In this article, we review the assessment and treatment methods commonly used in clinical practice in recent years to provide better support for the diagnosis and treatment of olfactory disorders.
Humans ; Olfaction Disorders/etiology* ; Sinusitis/complications* ; Chronic Disease ; Rhinitis/complications* ; Rhinosinusitis

OBJECTIVE To provide reference for strengthening the standardized management of off-label drug use in cancer hospitals. METHODS The evaluation system for off-label drug use was established to standardize the application， approval， and filing process for off-label drug use in our hospital. The changes in off-label drug application quantity， proportion， disease category and drug category in our hospital were compared before （October 1st， 2021-September 30th， 2022） and after （October 1st， 2022- September 30th， 2023） the establishment of the evaluation system； drug items supported by high-level evidence screened by pharmacy department were analyzed statistically. RESULTS The number of off-label drug use applications in our hospital had gradually increased， from 306 pieces in the fourth quarter of 2021 to 3 828 pieces in the third quarter of 2023. In the year before the construction of the evaluation system， there were a total of 4 482 applications for off-label drug use， and in the year after the construction of the evaluation system， there were 11 840 applications for off-label drug use. After the construction of the evaluation system， the proportion of unregistered off-label drug use significantly decreased， compared to the same period last year （P＜0.05）. Among them， there were no unregistered applications for off-label drug use for digestive system tumors， head and neck tumors， and radioactive drugs； lymphoma， breast tumors，urogenital system tumors， cytotoxic drugs and new anti-tumor drugs all had a decrease of over 70% in unregistered off-label drug applications. Twenty-seven off-label drug use items related to 19 drugs supported by high-level evidence were screened by the pharmacy department of our hospital， among which 25 items were drug use beyond indication. CONCLUSIONS The establishment of off-label drug use evaluation system in cancer hospital is helpful to the rational use and refined management of clinical anti-tumor drugs.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of constructing the risk index of Echinococcus infection based on the classification of echinococcosis lesions, so as to provide insights into the management of echinococcosis. Methods The imaging data of echinococcosis cases were collected from epidemiological surveys of echinococcosis in China from 2012 to 2016, and the detection of incident echinococcosis cases was captured from the annual echinococcosis prevention and control reports across provinces (autonomous regions) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in China from 2017 to 2022. After echinococcosis lesions were classified, a risk index of Echinococcus infection was constructed based on the principle of discrete distribution marginal probability and multi-group classification data tests. The correlation between the risk index of Echinococcus infection and the detection of incident echinococcosis cases was evaluated in the provinces (autonomous regions and corps) from 2017 to 2022, and the correlations between the short and medium-term risk indices and between the medium and long-term risk indices of Echinococcus infection were examined using a univariate linear regression model. Results A total of 4 014 echinococcosis cases in China from 2012 to 2016 were included in this study. The short-, medium- and long-term risk indices of E. granulosus infection varied in echinococcosis-endemic provinces (autonomous regions and corps) of China (χ² = 4.12 to 708.65, all P values < 0.05), with high short- (0.058), medium- (0.137) and long-term risk indices (0.104) in Tibet Autonomous Region, and the short-, medium- and long-term risk indices of E. multilocularis infection varied in echinococcosis-endemic provinces (autonomous regions and corps) of China (χ² = 6.74 to 122.60, all P values < 0.05), with a high short-term risk index in Sichuan Province (0.016) and high medium- (0.009) and long-term risk indices in Qinghai Province (0.018). There were no significant correlations between the risk index of E. granulosus infection and the detection of incident cystic echinococcosis cases during the study period (t = −0.518 to 2.265, all P values > 0.05), and strong correlations were found between the risk indices of E. multilocularis infection and the detection of incident alveolar echinococcosis cases (including mixed type) in 2018, 2020, 2021, 2022, during the period from 2017 through 2020, from 2017 through 2021, from 2017 through 2022 (all r values > 0.7, t = 2.521 to 3.692, all P values < 0.05). Linear regression models were established between the risk index of E. multilocular infection and the detection of alveolar echinococcosis cases (including mixed type), and the models were all statistically significant (b = 0.214 to 2.168, t = 2.458 to 3.692, F = 6.044 to 13.629, all P values < 0.05). The regression coefficients for the correlations between the medium- and short-term, and between the long- and medium-term risk indices of E. granulosus infection were 2.339 and 0.765, and the regression coefficients for the correlations between the medium- and short-term, and between the long- and medium-term risk indices of E. multilocular infection were 0.280 and 1.842, with statistical significance seen in both the regression coefficients and regression models (t = 16.479 to 197.304, F = 271.570 to 38 928.860, all P values < 0.05). Conclusions The risk index of Echinococcus infection has been successfully established based on the classification of echinococcosis lesions, which may provide insights into the prevention and control, prediction, diagnosis and treatment, and classified management of echinococcosis.

Objective:To investigate the mid- and long-term training effect of deliberate practice combined with intensive training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) teaching for nurses receiving standardized training.Methods:A total of 160 nurses who received the first year of standardized training in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2020 to March 2021 were enrolled as subjects, and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 80 nurses in each group. The nurses in the control group received the mode of single deliberate practice, and those in the experimental group received deliberate practice combined with intensive training at months 0, 3, and 6. Assessment was performed for the two groups before and after training,with objective indicators and subjective evaluation as the assessment criteria. Objective score was determined by the immediate objective feedback provided by the electronic display of Resusci Anne ? QCPR, and subjective score was determined by the same group of examiners based on the evaluation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed by trainees,including environment evaluation, judgment of consciousness, judgment of respiration, initiation of emergency treatment system, re-evaluation after resuscitation, and overall evaluation. SPSS 18.0 was used for the independent samples t-test, the non-parametric test, and the chi-squares test. Results:After training, there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the objective indicators of the percentage of correct compression (CC%) [85.500 (77.50, 93.00) vs. 81.00 (71.75, 89.00), Z=-2.49, P=0.013] and the proportion of correct ventilation (V%) [84.00 (75.00, 92.75) vs. 80.00 (64.00, 90.25), Z=-2.15, P=0.031]. Both groups had significant improvements in objective and subjective indicators after training (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Deliberate practice combined with intensive training at an interval of 3 months can effectively improve the mid- and long-term CPR skills of nurses receiving standardized training and is more suitable for high-level muscle memory training.